{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:30:20Z","timestamp":1754155820808,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJPCC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A rotary kiln is a pyro processing device that is used to raise the temperature of materials in cement factories. Temperature monitoring is an essential process in the rotary kiln to yield high quality clinker. Temperature measurement is a challenging task in clinkering process and it is difficult to apply automation techniques. As the pyrometer gives unreliable readings, it is necessary to apply various image processing techniques on the camera images to measure the temperature inside the kiln at different zones.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this paper, a fuzzy logic rule-based analysis is proposed to measure temperature using a burning flame image in which it considers red, green, blue (RGB) magnitude planes. The proposed method uses Mamdani fuzzy inference system for decision-making. The system takes RGB magnitude as an input fuzzified variable and generates temperature as fuzzified output.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This paper focuses on the temperature measurement obtained from the images of the camera system. The commands to the valves and actuators are controlled using the center of gravity of the control regime. The fuzzy logic controller detects the temperature of flame zones using color features of burning flame images.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Precise temperature mapping of flame images helps to control the temperature inside the rotating kiln to produce high quality clinker. The process can be viewed remotely and controlled using various control loops from anywhere.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijpcc-10-2020-0161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T02:18:15Z","timestamp":1622427495000},"page":"533-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Industrial IoT enabled fuzzy logic based flame image processing for rotary kiln control"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Merrin Prasanna","family":"Nagadasari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Polaiah","family":"Bojja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2021123111191583700_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2020.116145","article-title":"Experimental investigation of conduction heat transfer in a rotary drum using infrared thermography","volume":"230","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Science"},{"key":"key2021123111191583700_ref002","first-page":"398","article-title":"Eigen flame image-based robust recognition of burning states or sintering process control of rotary kiln","volume-title":"Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and 28th Chinese Control Conference","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021123111191583700_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2004.830571","article-title":"A digital imaging based multifunctional flame monitoring system","volume":"53","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement"},{"first-page":"1147","volume-title":"F-Measure, Encyclopedia of Database Systems","year":"2009","key":"key2021123111191583700_ref004"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021123111191583700_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.2307\/2346830","article-title":"Algorithm as 136: a K-means clustering algorithm","volume":"28","year":"1979","journal-title":"Applied Statistics"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021123111191583700_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s11630-002-0052-y","article-title":"Experimental study on measurement of flame temperature distribution using the two-color method","volume":"11","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Thermal Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"key2021123111191583700_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114901","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0021784","article-title":"Two-color, two-dimensional pyrometers based on monochrome and color cameras for high-temperature (>1000 K) planar measurements","volume":"91","year":"2020","journal-title":"Review of Scientific Instruments"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021123111191583700_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2014.2332305","article-title":"Multisource data ensemble modeling for clinker free lime content estimate in rotary kiln sintering process","volume":"45","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, andCybernetics Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021123111191583700_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2007.904489","article-title":"A combustion-monitoring system with 3-D temperature reconstruction based on flame-image processing technique","volume":"56","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement"},{"key":"key2021123111191583700_ref010","first-page":"1585","volume-title":"The Rotary Cement KilnMamdani E.H. 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