{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:32:45Z","timestamp":1781613165613,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This paper aims to presents Real-time Usage Mining (RUM), an approach that exploits the rich information provided by client logs to support the construction of adaptive Web applications. The main goal of RUM is to provide useful information about the behavior of users that are currently browsing a Web application. By consuming this information, the application is able to adapt its user interface in real-time to enhance the user experience. RUM provides two types of services as follows: support for the detection of struggling users; and user profiling based on the detection of behavior patterns.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>RUM leverages the previous study on usability evaluation to provide a service that evaluates the usability of tasks performed by users while they browse applications. This evaluation is based on a metric that allows the detection of struggling users, making it possible to identify these users as soon as few logs from their interaction are processed. RUM also exploits log mining techniques to detect usage patterns, which are then associated with user profiles previously defined by the application specialist. After associating usage patterns to user profiles, RUM is able to classify users as they browse applications, allowing the application developer to tailor the user interface according to the users\u2019 needs and preferences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The proposed approach was exploited to improve user experience in real-world Web applications. Experiments showed that RUM was effective to provide support for struggling users to complete tasks. Moreover, it was also effective to detect usage patterns and associate them with user profiles.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although the literature reports studies that explore client logs to support both the detection of struggling users and the user profiling based on usage patterns, no existing solutions provide support for detecting users from specific profiles or struggling users, in real-time, while they are browsing Web applications. RUM also provides a toolkit that allows the approach to be easily deployed in any Web application.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijwis-12-2018-0089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T06:09:13Z","timestamp":1582610953000},"page":"171-199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An approach to support the construction of adaptive Web applications"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Leandro Guarino","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Space Research Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies, , Sao Jose dos Campos,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laercio Augusto","family":"Baldochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Itajuba Institute of Mathematics and Computation, , Itajuba,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Duarte Coelho","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Space Research , Sao Jose dos Campos,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2488388.2488390","article-title":"Real-time recommendation of diverse related articles","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22Nd International Conference on World Wide Web, WWW \u201813","author":"Abbar","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13:1","DOI":"10.1145\/2461121.2461133","article-title":"Understanding users in the wild","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility, W4A \u201813","author":"Apaolaza","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref003","article-title":"Logging usage of Ajax applications with the UsaProxy HTTP proxy","author":"Atterer","year":"2006"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40498-6_40","article-title":"Analysis and visualization of interactions with mobile web applications","volume-title":"14th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction \u2013 INTERACT 2013","author":"Burzacca","year":"2013"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025072819322551000_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1145\/358886.358895","article-title":"The keystroke-level model for user performance time with interactive systems","volume":"23","author":"Card","year":"1980","journal-title":"Communications of the Acm"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref006","first-page":"193","article-title":"Age, technology usage, and cognitive characteristics in relation to perceived disorientation and reported website ease of use","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility, ASSETS \u201814","author":"Crabb","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref007","volume-title":"Google Analytics","author":"Cutroni","year":"2010","edition":"1st ed."},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1145\/2145204.2145396","article-title":"Social coding in GitHub: transparency and collaboration in an open software repository","volume-title":"Proceedings \u2026, ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work","author":"Dabbish","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref009","first-page":"107","article-title":"Web user profiling on proxy logs and its evaluation in personalization","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 13th Asia-Pacific Web Conference on Web Technologies and Applications\u2019, APWeb\u201911","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2011"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1145\/2851613.2851863","article-title":"Hidden for anonymity purposes","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, SAC \u201816","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/11577935_10.","article-title":"Discovering interesting navigations on a web site using sam i","volume-title":"Intelligent Techniques for Web Personalization, of Lecture Notes in Computer Science","author":"Hay","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819322551000_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1145\/503112.503114","article-title":"The state of the art in automating usability evaluation of user interfaces","volume":"33","author":"Ivory","year":"2001","journal-title":"ACM Computing Surveys"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref016","first-page":"86","article-title":"New hybrid web personalization framework","volume-title":"Communication Software and Networks (ICCSN), 2011 IEEE 3rd International Conference on","author":"Khonsha","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819322551000_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1-1","DOI":"10.1145\/1838562.1838563","article-title":"Multi-layered interfaces to improve older adults\u2019 initial learnability of mobile applications","volume":"3","author":"Leung","year":"2010","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref018","first-page":"19","article-title":"Creating adaptive web sites through usage-based clustering of URLs","author":"Mobasher","year":"1999"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481319","article-title":"W3Touch: metrics-based web page adaptation for touch","volume-title":"Proceedings [\u2026], SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Nebeling","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42:1","DOI":"10.1145\/3098279.3098558","article-title":"Customizable automatic detection of bad usability smells in mobile accessed web applications","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, MobileHCI \u201817","author":"Patern\u00f2","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1109\/WI-IAT.2011.180","article-title":"Upcomp - a PHP component for recommendation based on user behaviour","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE\/WIACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, WI-IAT \u201811","author":"Peska","year":"2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819322551000_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026238916441","article-title":"Web usage mining as a tool for personalization: a survey","volume":"13","author":"Pierrakos","year":"2003","journal-title":"User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1145\/1774088.1774344","article-title":"Summarizing observational client-side data to reveal web usage patterns","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, SAC \u201810","author":"Santana","year":"2010"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44794-6_35","article-title":"Finding association rules that trade support optimally against confidence","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, PKDD \u201801","author":"Scheffer","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819322551000_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s10844-016-0398-3","article-title":"Improving the prediction of page access by using semantically enhanced clustering","volume":"47","author":"Sen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent Information Systems"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref026","first-page":"1","article-title":"Promoting universal usability with multi-layer interface design","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on Universal Usability, CUU \u201803","author":"Shneiderman","year":"2003"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819322551000_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24:1","DOI":"10.1145\/2656343","article-title":"Using interaction data to explain difficulty navigating online","volume":"8","author":"Thomas","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on the Web"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1145\/2245276.2245410","article-title":"Towards an automatic evaluation of Web applications","volume-title":"SAC \u201812: Proceedings of the 27th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref012","first-page":"11","article-title":"Classifying user experience of web applications in real time using client logs","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference WWW\/Internet, WWW\/Internet \u201814","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEBE.2016.036","article-title":"Exploiting client logs to support the construction of adaptive e-commerce applications","volume-title":"2016 IEEE 13th International Conference on e-Business Engineering (ICEBE)","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025072819322551000_ref028","volume-title":"Adaptive Web Sites: A Knowledge Extraction from Web Data Approach","author":"Velasquez","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819322551000_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1080\/07370020802536396","article-title":"Usability problem reports for comparative studies: consistency and inspectability","volume":"23","author":"Vermeeren","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human Computer Interaction"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Web Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJWIS-12-2018-0089\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijwis\/article-pdf\/16\/2\/171\/1131288\/ijwis-12-2018-0089.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijwis\/article-pdf\/16\/2\/171\/1131288\/ijwis-12-2018-0089.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T23:32:33Z","timestamp":1753745553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ijwis\/article\/16\/2\/171\/166401\/An-approach-to-support-the-construction-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijwis-12-2018-0089","relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-0084","1744-0092"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-0084","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-0092","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]}}}