{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:44:16Z","timestamp":1777891456298,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]],"date-time":"2017-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IMDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of lean practices on performance improvement of process industries in India.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Based on a survey of Indian process industries, this paper proposes two sets of hypothesis to examine if there is any statistically significant impact of lean practices on certain specific performance metrics. First, the sample is classified into two classes of process industries: the adopters of lean and those who have not yet adopted the lean practices in their manufacturing operations. Then statistical tests are conducted to measure the differences in the level of performance between the two classes of Indian process industries with respect to nine performance measures. The survey results are augmented by two in-depth case studies. Case studies include one from lean adopter firms (a refinery) and another from the firms that have not yet adopted the lean practices (a primary metal manufacturing unit).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A survey result of 121 Indian process industries shows that adoption of lean practices results in a positive impact on inventory control, waste elimination, cost reduction, productivity, and quality improvement in process industries. On the other hand, based on the sample data on Indian process industries, no statistically significant improvement could be found on the lot size or space utilization between lean adopters and their counterparts.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This research provides guidance to the managers on how adoption of lean practices results in better performance in process industries in several operational areas.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To the knowledge, this study is the first attempt to analyze the impact of lean practices on a set of specific performance metrics in Indian process industry. Although this study focuses on the Indian process industry, the authors believe that findings of the research can inform other practitioners and researchers who are considering implementing lean in process industry sector in other developing countries like India.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-01-2016-0035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]],"date-time":"2017-03-06T03:53:21Z","timestamp":1488772401000},"page":"346-364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Understanding the linkages between lean practices and performance improvements in Indian process industries"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Avinash","family":"Panwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bimal","family":"Nepal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ajay P.S.","family":"Rathore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2006.09.009","article-title":"Analyzing the benefits of lean manufacturing and value stream mapping via simulation: a process sector case study","volume":"107","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/002224377701400320","article-title":"Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys","volume":"14","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3311","DOI":"10.1080\/00207549608905092","article-title":"A production and maintenance planning model for the process industry","volume":"34","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref004","first-page":"163","article-title":"Lean production \u2013 the end of history?","volume":"7","year":"1993","journal-title":"Work, Employment & Society"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1108\/IJOPM-08-2012-0315","article-title":"Lean manufacturing: literature review and research issues","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1108\/17410380910936792","article-title":"An empirical examination of the best practices to ensure manufacturing flexibility: lean alignment","volume":"20","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref007","first-page":"12","article-title":"Applying JIT principles to continuous process manufacturing supply chains","volume":"37","year":"1996","journal-title":"Production & Inventory Management Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emj.2005.10.010","article-title":"The limits of lean management thinking: multiple retailers and food and farming supply chains","volume":"23","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2015.03.008","article-title":"House of lean for food processing SMEs","volume":"44","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends in Food Science & Technology"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1108\/01443579410072382","article-title":"A typology of production control situations in process industries","volume":"14","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref011","first-page":"40","article-title":"Performance measurement and reward systems in JIT and non-JIT firms","volume":"17","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Cost Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(00)00051-6","article-title":"The production performance benefits from JIT implementation","volume":"19","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Operations Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(03)00002-0","article-title":"An examination of the relationships between JIT and financial performance","volume":"21","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Operations Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1504\/IJSOM.2009.024580","article-title":"Lean management practices in the pharmaceutical industry","volume":"5","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Services & Operations Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1108\/17410381311287517","article-title":"Lean manufacturing performance in Indian manufacturing plants","volume":"24","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2010.498577","article-title":"Adapting lean manufacturing principles to the textile industry","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Production Planning and Control"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1108\/01443579510099625","article-title":"A planning model for just-in-time batch manufacturing","volume":"15","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1504\/IJSOM.2009.024584","article-title":"The implementation of lean manufacturing in the UK food and drink industry","volume":"5","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Services & Operations Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2014.937508","article-title":"Lean production: literature review and trends","volume":"53","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"key":"key2020120823204868400_ref019","volume-title":"Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Methods: Triangulation in Action","year":"1983"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref020","first-page":"1890","article-title":"Applicability of lean production with VSM to the Rioja wine sector","volume":"50","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1108\/09699980810886874","article-title":"Lost in transition: the transfer of lean manufacturing to construction engineering","volume":"15","year":"2008","journal-title":"Construction and Architectural Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1108\/17410400810881827","article-title":"The effect of inventory management on firm performance","volume":"57","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Productivity & Performance Management"},{"key":"key2020120823204868400_ref023","unstructured":"Kraemer, K.L. (Ed.) (1991), The Information Systems Research Challenge: Survey Research Methods, Vol. 3, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA."},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2011.633576","article-title":"Developing an understanding of lean thinking in process industries","volume":"24","year":"2013","journal-title":"Production Planning & Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(00)00030-9","article-title":"The impact of total productive maintenance practices on manufacturing performance","volume":"19","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Operations Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(98)00021-7","article-title":"An assessment of survey research in POM: from constructs to theory","volume":"16","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Operations Management"},{"key":"key2020120823204868400_ref027","volume-title":"Questionnaire Design and Scale Development","year":"2006"},{"issue":"A6","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref028","first-page":"662","article-title":"The benefits of lean manufacturing: what lean thinking has to offer the process industries","volume":"83","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design"},{"key":"key2020120823204868400_ref029","first-page":"1589","article-title":"Reliability of measurement","year":"1982","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Educational Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1108\/14637151011035570","article-title":"Impact of information sharing on competitive strength of Indian manufacturing enterprises \u2013 an empirical study","volume":"16","year":"2010","journal-title":"Business Process Management"},{"issue":"10-11","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2011.642155","article-title":"Lean manufacturing in developing countries: evidence from Indian SMEs","volume":"23","year":"2012","journal-title":"Production Planning & Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1108\/JMTM-05-2013-0049","article-title":"Lean implementation in Indian process industries \u2013 some empirical evidence","volume":"26","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2014.936532","article-title":"On the adoption of lean manufacturing principles in process industries","volume":"26","year":"2015","journal-title":"Production Planning & Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2006.03.006","article-title":"\u201cAn analytical model of process choice in the chemical industry","volume":"105","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1108\/17542730910938137","article-title":"Defining lean production: some conceptual and practical issues","volume":"21","year":"2009","journal-title":"The TQM Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1108\/17410381011077946","article-title":"Impact of lean strategy on operational performance: a study of Thai manufacturing companies","volume":"21","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571311324124","article-title":"Lean manufacturing: costing the value stream","volume":"113","year":"2013","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1108\/13598540610642439","article-title":"Managing supply chains for competitiveness: the Indian scenario","volume":"11","year":"2006","journal-title":"Supply Chain Management: An International Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2005.02.023","article-title":"Process industry supply chains: advances and challenges","volume":"29","year":"2005","journal-title":"Computers & Chemical Engineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(02)00108-0","article-title":"Lean manufacturing: context, practices bundles, and performance","volume":"21","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Operations Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref040","first-page":"130","article-title":"Lean in Healthcare-history and recent developments","volume":"28","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Health Organization and Management"},{"issue":"11","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1108\/01443579410068639","article-title":"Lean production: experience among Australian organizations","volume":"14","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1108\/17410381111102234","article-title":"The impact of lean operations on the Chinese manufacturing performance","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management"},{"issue":"5-8","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-013-4960-7","article-title":"Applying lean techniques to nougat fabrication: a seasonal case study","volume":"68","year":"2013","journal-title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1108\/JMTM-05-2012-0057","article-title":"Status of lean manufacturing practices in Indian industries and government initiatives: a pilot study","volume":"25","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1080\/17509653.2010.10671127","article-title":"Lean manufacturing system for medium size manufacturing enterprises: an Indian case","volume":"5","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref045","first-page":"1237","article-title":"Emerging supply chain management practices in Indian manufacturing industries","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Research in IT & Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1108\/09574090110806307","article-title":"Supply chain design in the food industry","volume":"12","year":"2001","journal-title":"International Journal of Logistics Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2011.560203","article-title":"Structural equation modelling of lean manufacturing practices","volume":"50","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.45.1.1","article-title":"JIT manufacturing: a survey of implementations in small and large US manufacturers","volume":"45","year":"1999","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"key":"key2020120823204868400_ref048","volume-title":"Lean Thinking: Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation","year":"1996"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1108\/01443579610109866","article-title":"Developing a lean production organization: an Australian case study","volume":"16","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020120823204868400_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0483(00)00033-5","article-title":"The relationship between JIT practices and type of production system","volume":"29","year":"2001","journal-title":"Omega"}],"container-title":["Industrial Management &amp; Data Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IMDS-01-2016-0035\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IMDS-01-2016-0035\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:50:59Z","timestamp":1753393859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article\/117\/2\/346-364\/178846"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/IMDS-01-2016-0035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/imds-01-2016-0035","relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-5577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0263-5577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,13]]}}}