{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:26:52Z","timestamp":1754155612781,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IMDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study explores how the comparative tourism destination could incorporate the merits of the competitive tourism destination by implementing a socio-technical design application for smart tourism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>To address this issue researchers have conducted a case study in Egypt, because Egypt is one of the most popular tourism comparative destination. It includes two field studies and qualitative interviews conducted in Cairo and Alexandria in Egypt.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Egypt has diverse comparative advantages in terms of touristic features; however, the dysfunctional flow of information among the stakeholders was a hindrance to be a competitive destination. Based on this problem statement, the researchers synthesized \u201cM-Tour\u201d as a new socio-technical design application, moving toward the competitive destination from the comparative ones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study makes two contributions. First, it theoretically conceptualizes an integrated model of how a tourism comparative destination can incorporate the competitive advantages by a socio-technical design application called M-Tour. Second, it empirically explores the tourists' latent requirements in Egypt by two field studies in order to develop a smart tourism design application as a new socio-technology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-01-2020-0020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T09:49:08Z","timestamp":1591609748000},"page":"1152-1166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["M-Tour: A new socio-technological design application for destination competitiveness in Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Joseck","family":"Nyaboro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwangsoo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2829-2781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaehyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2016.09.006","article-title":"Drivers of comparative advantages in tourism: the eu-case","volume":"61","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5177(00)00030-3","article-title":"Tourism destination images of Turkey, Egypt, Greece, and Italy as perceived by US-based tour operators and travel agents","volume":"22","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"key":"key2021060810245556200_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-72923-7_1","article-title":"Emotionalise me: self-reporting and arousal measurements in virtual tourism environments","volume-title":"Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2018","year":"2018","edition":"2nd edn."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boes, K., Buhalis, D. and Inversini, A. (2015), \u201cConceptualising smart tourism destination dimensions\u201d, in Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2015, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 391-403, doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-14343-9_29.","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref004","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-14343-9_29"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2307\/249019","article-title":"MIS problems and failures: a socio-technical perspective, Part II: the application of socio-technical theory","volume":"1","year":"1977","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2307\/1511637","article-title":"Wicked problems in design thinking","volume":"8","year":"2006","journal-title":"Design Issues"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buhalis, D. and Amaranggana, A. (2013), \u201cSmart tourism destinations\u201d, in Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 553-564, doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-03973-2_40.","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref007","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-03973-2_40"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-36309-2_11","article-title":"E-destinations: global best practice in tourism technologies and applications","volume":"21","year":"2013","journal-title":"Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2013"},{"key":"key2021060810245556200_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.destud.2016.09.002","article-title":"Evolution of design for sustainability: from product design to design for system innovations and transitions","volume":"47","year":"2016","journal-title":"Design Studies"},{"year":"2015","first-page":"12","article-title":"Design thinking methods and tools for innovation","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref010"},{"key":"key2021060810245556200_ref011","first-page":"75","article-title":"Open innovation: a new paradigm for understanding industrial innovation","year":"2006","journal-title":"Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm"},{"volume-title":"Tourism in Africa: Harnessing Tourism for Growth and Improved Livelihoods","year":"2014","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref012"},{"issue":"20","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2018.1529149","article-title":"Current issues in tourism going beyond the traditional destination competitiveness \u2013 reflections on a smart destination in the current research","volume":"22","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdmm.2013.07.002","article-title":"From potential to ability to compete: towards a performance-based tourism competitiveness index","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Destination Marketing & Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0148-2963(97)00196-3","article-title":"Tourism, competitiveness, and societal prosperity","volume":"44","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3727\/1083542054547930","article-title":"Application of the analytic hierarchy process to tourism choice and decision making: a review and illustration applied to destination competitiveness","volume":"10","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tourism Analysis"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1177\/0170840607088020","article-title":"Developing design propositions through research synthesis","volume":"29","year":"2008","journal-title":"Organization Studies"},{"unstructured":"Du Toit, L., Fourie, J. and Trew, D. (2010), \u201cThe sources of comparative advantage in tourism\u201d, Stellenbosch Economic Working Papers, Vol. 10 No. 1, available at: http:\/\/zunia.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/node-files\/wp\/187410_wp-01-20101266834241.pdf.","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref018"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5177(99)00081-3","article-title":"The price competitiveness of travel and tourism: a comparison of 19 destinations","volume":"21","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tourism Management Pergamon"},{"volume-title":"Egypt Tourism Research and Analysis 2019 | Oxford Business Group","year":"2019","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref020"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/13032917.2009.10518901","article-title":"Destination competitiveness of middle eastern countries: an examination of relative positioning","volume":"20","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2013.827159","article-title":"Airbnb: disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector","volume":"18","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1109\/2.347999","article-title":"Synthesis steps and design models for codesign","volume":"28","year":"1995","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"key2021060810245556200_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2017.1388771","article-title":"Smart destinations and the evolution of ICTs: a new scenario for destination management?","volume":"3500","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1080\/13032917.2011.626311","article-title":"Evaluating tourism competitiveness of small island developing states: a revealed comparative advantage approach","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anatolia"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.14329\/apjis.2016.26.4.561","article-title":"Conceptualization of smart tourism destination competitiveness","volume":"26","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-017-9776-9","article-title":"Special issue on smart, connected hospitality and tourism","volume":"19","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information Systems Frontiers"},{"volume-title":"101 Design Methods: A Structured Approach for Driving Innovation in your Organization","year":"2012","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref042"},{"key":"key2021060810245556200_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2016.03.014","article-title":"The concept of smart tourism in the context of tourism information services","volume":"58","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.3390\/su9122175","article-title":"Digital omotenashi: toward a smart tourism design systems","volume":"9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"unstructured":"Longhurst, R. (2010), \u201cSemi-structured interviewing and focus groups\u201d, in Clifford, N.J., French, S. and Valentine, G. (Eds), Key Methods in Geography, 2nd ed., SAGE, London, pp. 143-156.","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref030"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdmm.2013.11.003","article-title":"Managing change in tourism destinations: key issues and current trends","volume":"2","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Destination Marketing & Management"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JDMM.2012.08.001","article-title":"Conceptualising technology enhanced destination experiences","volume":"1","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Destination Marketing and Management"},{"issue":"15","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2018.1504900","article-title":"Application of social media analytics in tourism crisis communication","volume":"22","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism"},{"key":"key2021060810245556200_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmp. 2019.06.002","article-title":"Developing a model for sustainable smart tourism destinations: a systematic review","volume":"31","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tourism Management Perspectives"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.21511\/tt.1(1).2017.06","article-title":"Tourism destination competitiveness models","volume":"1","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tourism and Travelling"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.5437\/08956308X5503003","article-title":"Design thinking","volume":"86","year":"2008","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref037","first-page":"4","article-title":"Travel and tourism: economic impact, Egypt","volume":"5","year":"2018","journal-title":"Travel and Tourism"},{"key":"key2021060810245556200_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2015.12.003","article-title":"How smart is your tourist attraction?: measuring tourist preferences of smart tourism attractions via a FCEM-AHP and IPA approach","volume":"54","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00168-008-0213-3","article-title":"The normalized revealed comparative advantage index","volume":"43","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annals of Regional Science"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zach, F.J. and Krizaj, D. (2017), \u201cExperiences through design and innovation along touch points BT - design science in tourism: foundations of destination management\u201d, in Fesenmaier, D.R. and Xiang, Z. (Eds), Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 215-232, doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-42773-7_14.","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref040","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-42773-7_14"},{"year":"2017","first-page":"215","article-title":"Experiences through design and innovation along touch points","key":"key2021060810245556200_ref041"}],"container-title":["Industrial Management &amp; Data Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IMDS-01-2020-0020\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IMDS-01-2020-0020\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:51:03Z","timestamp":1753393863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article\/121\/6\/1152-1166\/431269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/IMDS-01-2020-0020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/imds-01-2020-0020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-5577"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0263-5577"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]}}}