{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T13:16:01Z","timestamp":1781788561415,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 Third-party logistics (3PL) plays a main role in supply chain management and, as a result, has experienced remarkable growth. The demand for 3PL providers has become a main approach for companies to offer better customer service, reduce costs, and gain competitive advantage. This paper identifies important criteria for 3PL provider selection and evaluation, and the purpose of this paper is to select 3PL providers from the viewpoint of firms which were already outsourcing their logistics services.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 This study utilized the grey decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method to develop 3PL provider selection criteria. Because human judgments are vague and complicated to depict by accurate numerical values, the grey system theory is used to handle this problem.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 The findings revealed the structure and interrelationships between criteria and identified the main criteria for 3PL provider selection. The most important criteria for 3PL provider selection are on time delivery performance, technological capability, financial stability, human resource policies, service quality, and customer service, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 The paper\u2019s results help managers of automotive industries, particularly in developing countries, to outsource logistics activities to 3PL providers effectively and to create a significant competitive advantage.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 The main contributions of this paper are twofold. First, this paper proposes an integrated grey DEMATEL method to consider interdependent relationships among the 3PL provider selection criteria. Second, this study is one of the first studies to consider 3PL provider selection in a developing country like Iran.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-05-2015-0180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]],"date-time":"2016-05-04T04:19:24Z","timestamp":1462335564000},"page":"690-722","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":182,"title":["A grey DEMATEL approach to develop third-party logistics provider selection criteria"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Kannan","family":"Govindan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roohollah","family":"Khodaverdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allame Tabataba\u2019i University Business School (ATUBS), Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Vafadarnikjoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allame Tabataba\u2019i University Business School (ATUBS), Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"2025072819421196400_b39","unstructured":"18th Annual Third-Party Logistics Study\n           (2014), available at: www.capgemini.com\/resource-file-access\/resource\/pdf\/3plstudyreportwebversion.pdf (accessed July 1, 2015)."},{"issue":"7","key":"2025072819421196400_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1108\/01409170310783583","article-title":"How to choose an effective third party logistics provider","volume":"26","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"Management Research News"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b2","first-page":"69","article-title":"Third-party logistics selection problem: a literature review on criteria and methods","volume":"49","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aguezzoul, A.\n          , Rabenasolo, B. and Jolly-Desodt, A.M. (2006), \u201cMulticriteria decision aid tool for third-party logistics provider\u2019s selection\u201d, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management, Troyes, October 25-27, pp. 912-916.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSSM.2006.320753"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819421196400_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2011.02.005","article-title":"The use of outsourcing logistics activities: the case of Turkey","volume":"19","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819421196400_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1108\/01443570610666984","article-title":"A survey of third party logistics in Mexico and a comparison with reports on Europe and USA","volume":"26","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025072819421196400_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.04.001","article-title":"A new chance-constrained data envelopment analysis for selecting third-party reverse logistics providers in the existence of dual-role factors","volume":"38","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2009.11.023","article-title":"Integrating sustainability into supplier selection with grey system and rough set methodologies","volume":"124","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2013.07.011","article-title":"A grey-based DEMATEL model for evaluating business process management critical success factors","volume":"146","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1504\/IJAOM.2014.061432","article-title":"Evaluation of a 3PL company: an approach of fuzzy modeling","volume":"6","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Operations Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819421196400_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000006021","article-title":"Relationships among TPL providers and members of supply chains \u2013 a strategic perspective","volume":"16","author":"","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819421196400_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1108\/13598540610671743","article-title":"A fuzzy TOPSIS methodology to support outsourcing of logistics services","volume":"11","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"Supply Chain Management: An International Journal"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao, J.\n          , Wang, W.W. and Cao, G. (2007), \u201cIntegration of the social welfare function and TOPSIS algorithm for 3PL selection\u201d, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, Vol. 3, Haikou, August 24-27, pp. 596-600.","DOI":"10.1109\/FSKD.2007.367"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819421196400_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2005.06.001","article-title":"Growth and relational strategies used by the European logistics service providers: rationale and outcomes","volume":"41","author":"","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.07.114","article-title":"Fuzzy DEMATEL method for developing supplier selection criteria","volume":"38","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819421196400_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2007.08.084","article-title":"Leveraging the supply chain flexibility of third party logistics \u2013 hybrid knowledge-based system approach","volume":"35","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"15","key":"2025072819421196400_b16","first-page":"197","article-title":"Building environmental sustainability: empirical evidence from logistics service providers","volume":"59","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction to grey system theory","volume":"1","author":"","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Journal of Grey System"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.03.004","article-title":"Evaluating green supplier development programs with a grey-analytical network process-based methodology","volume":"233","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2007.07.009","article-title":"A holistic approach for selecting a third-party reverse logistics provider in the presence of vagueness","volume":"54","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2158-1592.2010.tb00129.x","article-title":"The empowerment of frontline service staff in 3PL companies","volume":"31","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Business Logistics"},{"issue":"17","key":"2025072819421196400_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4822","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2012.657969","article-title":"A logistics provider evaluation and selection methodology based on AHP, DEA and linear programming integration","volume":"50","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1504\/IJPM.2009.023406","article-title":"A mathematical model for selecting third-party reverse logistics providers","volume":"2","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Procurement Management"},{"issue":"1-4","key":"2025072819421196400_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-009-2092-x","article-title":"A new model for selecting third-party reverse logistics providers in the presence of multiple dual-role factors","volume":"46","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b24","unstructured":"Fontela, E.\n           and Gabus, A. (1976), \u201cThe DEMATEL observer\u201d, Battelle Institute, Geneva Research Center, Geneva."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2011.08.030","article-title":"Evaluating green supplier development programs at a telecommunications systems provider","volume":"140","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b26","unstructured":"Gabus, A.\n           and Fontela, E. (1972), \u201cWorld problems, an invitation to further thought within the framework of DEMATEL\u201d, Battelle Geneva Research Center, Geneva."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b27","unstructured":"Gabus, A.\n           and Fontela, E. (1973), \u201cPerceptions of the world problematic: communication procedure, communicating with those bearing collective responsibility\u201d, DEMATEL Report No. 1, Battelle Geneva Research Center, Geneva."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garg, K.\n          , Agarwal, V. and Jha, P.C. (2015), \u201cTransportation decision making through logistics outsourcing and 3PL selection in an integrated closed-loop supply chain\u201d, Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving, Springer, January, pp. 473-485.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-2220-0_39"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819421196400_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1108\/13598540710826290","article-title":"Third-party logistics provider selection: insights from a Turkish automotive company","volume":"12","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Supply Chain Management: An International Journal"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b30","unstructured":"Goor, A.V.\n          , van Amstel, M.P. and van Amstel, W.P. (2003),                   European Distribution and Supply Chain Logistics                , Educatieve Partners, Groningen."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2012.01.043","article-title":"Analysis of third party reverse logistics provider using interpretive structural modeling","volume":"140","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"June","key":"2025072819421196400_b32","first-page":"209","article-title":"The challenge of selecting and evaluating third-party reverse logistics providers in a multicriteria perspective: a Brazilian case","volume":"96","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"13","key":"2025072819421196400_b33","first-page":"59","article-title":"Managing reverse logistics channels with data envelopment analysis","volume":"42","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transportation Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2007.05.019","article-title":"Evaluating the efficiency of 3PL logistics operations","volume":"113","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b35","first-page":"83","article-title":"A methodology for measuring vendor performance","volume":"12","author":"","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Business Logistics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2009.09.010","article-title":"A classification of logistic outsourcing levels and their impact on service performance: evidence from the food processing industry","volume":"124","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819421196400_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.10.040","article-title":"Integrating DANP and modified grey relation theory for the selection of an outsourcing provider","volume":"40","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025072819421196400_b37","first-page":"164","article-title":"Using DEMATEL to develop a carbon management model of supplier selection in green supply chain management","volume":"56","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025072819421196400_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2006.01.011","article-title":"Application of a hybrid intelligent decision support model in logistics outsourcing","volume":"34","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Computers and Operations Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2010.02.014","article-title":"Supply chain integration with third-party logistics providers","volume":"125","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2005.06.005","article-title":"Selection of logistics service provider: an analytic network process (ANP) approach","volume":"35","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Omega"},{"issue":"October","key":"2025072819421196400_b46","first-page":"109","article-title":"Decision and coordination in a competing retail channel involving a third-party logistics provider","volume":"76","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"January","key":"2025072819421196400_b115","first-page":"104","article-title":"Product delivery service provider selection and customer satisfaction in the era of internet of things: a Chinese e-retailers\u2019 perspective","volume":"159","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1108\/13555850910973865","article-title":"Fuzzy approach for the selection of third party reverse logistics provider","volume":"21","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2009.06.004","article-title":"A hybrid approach using ISM and fuzzy TOPSIS for the selection of reverse logistics provider","volume":"54","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Resources, Conservation and Recycling"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2010.12.019","article-title":"Assessing performance factors for a 3PL in a value chain","volume":"131","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b51","unstructured":"Langley, C.J. Jr\n          , Hoemmken, S., van Dort, E., Morton, J., Strata, R. and Riegler, M. (2007), \u201cThird party logistics: results and finding of the 12th annual study\u201d, Georgia Institute of Technology, Cap Gemini LLC, SAP, and DHL, Atlanta, GA."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819421196400_b64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.10.036","article-title":"Fuzzy heterogeneous multiattribute decision making method for outsourcing provider selection","volume":"41","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025072819421196400_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2011.06.022","article-title":"A 3PL supplier selection model based on fuzzy sets","volume":"39","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2025072819421196400_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2006.11.021","article-title":"A grey-based decision-making approach to the supplier selection problem","volume":"46","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mathematical and Computer Modelling"},{"issue":"February","key":"2025072819421196400_b52","first-page":"54","article-title":"An evaluation approach to logistics service using fuzzy theory, quality function development and goal programming","volume":"68","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b53","first-page":"29","article-title":"The use of third-party logistics services by large American manufacturers","volume":"13","author":"","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Business Logistics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b54","first-page":"24","article-title":"The use of third-party logistics services by large American manufacturers: the 2003 survey","volume":"43","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transportation Journal"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2025072819421196400_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/mcda.438","article-title":"Constructing a cognition map of alternative fuel vehicles using the DEMATEL method","volume":"16","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis"},{"issue":"February","key":"2025072819421196400_b58","first-page":"32","article-title":"Using fuzzy DEMATEL to evaluate the green supply chain management practices","volume":"40","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819421196400_b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2009.11.048","article-title":"Developing a hybrid multi-criteria model for selection of outsourcing providers","volume":"37","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.05.030","article-title":"An integrated fuzzy approach for provider evaluation and selection in third-party logistics","volume":"36","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1108\/GS-08-2013-0016","article-title":"A grey rough set model for evaluation and selection of software cost estimation methods","volume":"4","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Grey Systems: Theory and Application"},{"issue":"April","key":"2025072819421196400_b61","first-page":"42","article-title":"Novel multi-objective resource allocation and activity scheduling for fourth party logistics","volume":"44","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b63","unstructured":"Liu, S.\n           and Lin, Y. (2006),                   Grey Information: Theory and Practical Applications                , Springer-Verlag, London."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819421196400_b65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1108\/13598540210447728","article-title":"A conceptual model for selecting and evaluating third-party reverse logistics providers","volume":"7","author":"","year":"2002","journal-title":"Supply Chain Management: An International Journal"},{"issue":"21","key":"2025072819421196400_b66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.06.018","article-title":"Group multi-criteria supplier selection using combined grey systems theory and uncertainty theory","volume":"Vol. 42","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b67","first-page":"121","article-title":"Selection criteria for providers of third-party logistics services: an exploratory study","volume":"19","author":"","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Business Logistics"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mi, X.Y.\n          , Wang, Z.J. and Jin, C.X. (2009), \u201cSelection method of the 3PL supplier based on interval satisfaction\u201d, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, Vol. 5, Baoding, July 12-15, pp. 2663-2668.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2009.5212638"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1108\/13598540610662167","article-title":"Benchmarking the operational efficiency of third party logistics providers using data envelopment analysis","volume":"11","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"Supply Chain Management: An International Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1108\/19355181200400013","article-title":"Third-party warehousing selection: a comparison of national and regional firms","volume":"19","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Business"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1504\/IJSTL.2015.065893","article-title":"Measuring the efficiency of third party reverse logistics provider in supply chain by multi objective additive network DEA model","volume":"7","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819421196400_b72","first-page":"26","article-title":"Third-party logistics usage: an assessment of propositions based on previous research","volume":"37","author":"","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transportation Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819421196400_b73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1504\/IJOR.2014.063152","article-title":"An intuitionistic fuzzy DEMATEL methodology for prioritising the components of SWOT matrix in the Iranian insurance industry","volume":"20","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819421196400_b74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218488503002387","article-title":"Defuzzification within a multicriteria decision model","volume":"11","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ozdemir, A.\n           and Tuysuz, F. (2015), \u201cA grey-based DEMATEL approach for analyzing the strategies of universities: a case of Turkey\u201d, 6th International Conference on Modeling, Simulation, and Applied Optimization (ICMSAO), pp. 1-6.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMSAO.2015.7152266"},{"issue":"November","key":"2025072819421196400_b76","first-page":"44","article-title":"A decision model for information technology selection using AHP integrated TOPSIS-grey: the case of content management systems","volume":"70","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knowledge-Based Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819421196400_b77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1108\/14635770910987823","article-title":"Evaluation of third-party logistics (3PL) providers by using a two-phase AHP and TOPSIS methodology","volume":"16","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Benchmarking: An International Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819421196400_b78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1080\/13675567.2013.815696","article-title":"A hybrid quality function deployment and fuzzy decision-making methodology for the optimal selection of third-party logistics service providers","volume":"16","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1108\/01409170710733296","article-title":"Adding value through outsourcing: contribution of 3PL services to customer performance","volume":"30","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Management Research News"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qureshi, M.N.\n          , Kumar, D. and Kumar, P. (2007), \u201cSelection of potential 3PL services providers using TOPSIS with interval data\u201d, Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, December 2-4, pp. 1512-1516.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEM.2007.4419445"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2158-1592.2007.tb00062.x","article-title":"Measuring customers\u2019 perceptions of logistics service quality of 3PL service providers","volume":"28","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Business Logistics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b83","first-page":"343","article-title":"Supplier selection in resilient supply chains: a grey relational analysis approach","volume":"86","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"September","key":"2025072819421196400_b84","first-page":"126","article-title":"Modeling enablers of supply chain risk mitigation in electronic supply chains: a grey-DEMATEL approach","volume":"87","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2012.01.040","article-title":"Generic balanced scorecard framework for third party logistics service provider","volume":"140","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b85","unstructured":"Saeedpoor, M.\n          , Kazzazi, A., Hadjarian Kashani, M. and Vafadar Nikjoo, A. (2012), \u201cRanking the elements of SWOT matrix with the approach of combining gray theory and DEMATEL technique\u201d, Proceedings of the 8th International Industrial Engineering Conference (IIEC), Tehran, February 15-16."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1108\/BIJ-01-2013-0002","article-title":"Fuzzy based appraisement module for 3PL evaluation and selection","volume":"22","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Benchmarking: An International Journal"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b87","unstructured":"Shah, J.\n           (2009),                   Supply Chain Management: Text and Cases                , Pearson Education India, Business & Economics, Delhi, p. 13."},{"issue":"Part 2, January","key":"2025072819421196400_b88","first-page":"189","article-title":"Third-party purchase: an empirical study of third-party logistics providers in China","volume":"Vol. 171","author":"","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b90","first-page":"261","article-title":"Evaluating the service quality of third-party logistics service providers using the analytic hierarchy process","volume":"3","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025072819421196400_b89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1108\/09600030610710854","article-title":"A comparative study on the use of third party logistics services by Singaporean and Malaysian firms","volume":"36","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1108\/09600030610656413","article-title":"Collaborative logistics management and the role of third-party service providers","volume":"36","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management"},{"issue":"18","key":"2025072819421196400_b92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2014.07.021","article-title":"A novel hybrid MCDM model based on fuzzy DEMATEL, fuzzy ANP and fuzzy VIKOR for city logistics concept selection","volume":"41","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/16258312.2005.11517137","article-title":"Selection of third-party logistics (3PL): a hybrid approach using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and analytic network process (ANP)","volume":"6","author":"","year":"2005","journal-title":"Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819421196400_b95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.09.011","article-title":"A causal and effect decision making model of service quality expectation using grey-fuzzy DEMATEL approach","volume":"36","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b96","unstructured":"Vafadarnikjoo, A.\n          , Mobin, M., Salmon, C. and Javadian, N. (2015), \u201cAn integrated gray-fuzzy cause-effect approach to determine the most significant categories of project risks\u201d, Proceedings of the Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Conference (ISERC), Nashville, TN, June 2."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b97","first-page":"89","article-title":"A framework for evaluating third-party logistics","volume":"48","author":"","year":"2005","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM \u2013 Interaction Design and Children"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819421196400_b98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000005591","article-title":"Epilogue: UPS logistics \u2013 practical approaches to the e-supply chain","volume":"31","author":"","year":"2001","journal-title":"International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1504\/IJAL.2015.071725","article-title":"Performance measurement of sustainable third party reverse logistics provider by data envelopment analysis: a case study of an Indian apparel manufacturing group","volume":"1","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Automation and Logistics"},{"issue":"July","key":"2025072819421196400_b100","first-page":"80","article-title":"An intuitionistic fuzzy linear programming method for logistics outsourcing provider selection","volume":"82","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knowledge-Based Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(02)00729-4","article-title":"Group decision-making using a fuzzy linguistic approach for evaluating the flexibility in a manufacturing system","volume":"154","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b102","first-page":"117","article-title":"Logistics service providers and value creation through collaboration: a case study","volume":"Vol. 49","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Long Range Planning"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b103","unstructured":"Wei, S.\n           and Chai, L. (2007), \u201cResearch on the evaluation index systems and 3PL suppliers\u201d,                   Market Modernization                , Vol. 2, pp. 127-128."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2009.08.026","article-title":"Explaining the competitive advantage of logistics service providers: a resource-based view approach","volume":"128","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819421196400_b106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2007.07.025","article-title":"Choosing knowledge management strategies by using a combined ANP and DEMATEL approach","volume":"35","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819421196400_b105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2005.12.005","article-title":"Developing global managers\u2019 competencies using the fuzzy DEMATEL method","volume":"32","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert System with Application"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b110","first-page":"811","article-title":"Analyzing internal barriers for automotive parts remanufacturers in China using grey-DEMATEL approach","volume":"87","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, G.\n           and Wang, X. (2007), \u201cHow to choose the supplier in logistic outsourcing based on membership degree\u201d, Proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Management Science and Engineering, ICMSE, Harbin, August 20-22, pp. 286-292.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMSE.2007.4421862"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, G.\n          , Liu, C. and Shao, Z. (2009), \u201cAnalysis of influencing factors for the grey multi-attribute group decision making\u201d, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services, Nanjing, November 10-12, pp. 1081-1086.","DOI":"10.1109\/GSIS.2009.5408071"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819421196400_b112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0394.00244","article-title":"A model of a decision support system based on case-based reasoning for third-party logistics evaluation","volume":"20","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"Expert Systems"},{"issue":"20","key":"2025072819421196400_b114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6097","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2015.1022266","article-title":"A hybrid data analytic methodology for 3PL transportation provider evaluation using fuzzy multi-criteria decision making","volume":"Vol. 53","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819421196400_b116","first-page":"33","article-title":"Risk assessment of construction projects","volume":"16","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Civil Engineering and Management"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, H.\n          , Li, X. and Liu, W. (2006),                   An AHP\/DEA Methodology for 3PL Vendor Selection in 4PL                , Lecture Notes on Computer Science, Vol. 3865, Springer, Berlin, pp. 646-655.","DOI":"10.1007\/11686699_65"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_b119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, H.\n          , Zhang, G. and Zhou, B. (2008),                   Research on Selection of the Third-Party Logistics Service Providers                , IFIP \u2013 Integration and Innovation Orient to E-Society, Vol. 1, Springer, Boston, MA, pp. 211-221.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-75466-6_24"},{"issue":"24-27","key":"2025072819421196400_b118","first-page":"479","article-title":"A selection approach of reverse logistics provider based on fuzzy AHP","volume":"3","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819421196400_b93","first-page":"30","article-title":"The competition ability index system and vague evaluation of third-party logistics corporation","volume":"26","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"Logistics Management"},{"key":"2025072819421196400_frd1","unstructured":"http:\/\/supply-chain-management.persianblog.ir\/post\/86 (accessed July 20, 2015)."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_frd2","unstructured":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North%E2%80%93South_Transport_Corridor (accessed July 20, 2015)."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_frd3","unstructured":"www.businessmonitor.com\/autos\/iran (accessed February 1, 2014)."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_frd4","unstructured":"www.capgemini.com\/resource-file-access\/resource\/pdf\/2013_Third-Party_Logistics_Study.pdf (accessed March 11, 2014)."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_frd5","unstructured":"www.washingtoninstitute.org\/policy-analysis (accessed July 1, 2015)."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_frd6","unstructured":"www.fra.dot.gov\/eLib\/details\/L04317 (accessed July 20, 2015)."},{"key":"2025072819421196400_frd7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai, Y.J.\n           and Hwang, C.L. (1992),                   Fuzzy Mathematical Programming: Methods and Applications                , Springer-Verlag Inc. New York, NY.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-48753-8_3"}],"container-title":["Industrial Management &amp; Data Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/IMDS-05-2015-0180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IMDS-05-2015-0180\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article-pdf\/116\/4\/690\/1185337\/imds-05-2015-0180.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article-pdf\/116\/4\/690\/1185337\/imds-05-2015-0180.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T23:42:38Z","timestamp":1753746158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article\/116\/4\/690\/174876\/A-grey-DEMATEL-approach-to-develop-third-party"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/imds-05-2015-0180","relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-5577","1758-5783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0263-5577","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5783","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]}}}