{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T19:04:29Z","timestamp":1754161469044,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 External knowledge should not be limited in one zone or level. Researchers have paid more attention to the perspective of multilevel cluster networks. However, little research has empirically studied the various dimensions of external knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to study different levels of external knowledge, their relation with trade and non-trade interdependence and their relation with different kinds of innovations, namely, exploitation and exploration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were adopted in this study. In terms of the quantitative research method, data were collected from 168 companies in the Shenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial Park of China using convenience sampling. As for the qualitative research method, a total of 35 interviews were carried out in this study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 The quantitative results indicate that different levels of external knowledge in the Shenzhen Hi-Tech Park have different effects. First of all, the results indicate that cross-national connections have a positive influence on trade interdependence, which helps firms to produce exploration. Second, cross-regional connections have a positive influence on both trade and non-trade interdependence, which further help firms to create innovative exploitation and exploration. Third, inter-regional connections have a positive influence on non-trade interdependence, which helps firms to increase innovative exploitation. The qualitative result makes a plausible explanation for the quantitative results. The interview results indicate that as the telecommunications industry has so much to do with China\u2019s national security, there are several initiatives of market protection strategies and political interventions, which help firms to form different levels of knowledge flow in Shenzhen.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 There are several limitations of this study which primarily relate to the case study method. The results can be contextually generalized to the domestic-oriented cluster in developing countries.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 This study has several managerial implications. First, this research ensures that it is important to consider the multilevel nature of external knowledge before starting with the decision-making process of a firm in a cluster. Second, all levels of administrators and managers in a company should investigate what kinds of involvement and innovation are needed and most highly valued for organizational development. Third, the research framework of this study can be applied to understand which level of external knowledge influences organizational performance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2013 This study is an initial attempt to provide an examination of external knowledge, organizational involvement and innovation performance of an industrial cluster via a mixed method.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-06-2015-0229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]],"date-time":"2016-05-04T04:19:24Z","timestamp":1462335564000},"page":"622-645","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Benefiting from external knowledge? A study of telecommunications industry cluster in Shenzhen, China"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Chi-Han","family":"AI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics and Business Management, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}]},{"given":"Hung-Che","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics and Business Management, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"2025072819420116700_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ai, C.H.\n           and Wu, H.C. (2015), \u201cCross-regional corporations and learning effects in a local telecommunications industry cluster of China\u201d,                   Journal of the Knowledge Economy                . doi: 10.1007\/s13132-015-0263-6.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-015-0263-6"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b2","unstructured":"Amsden, A.H.\n           (1989),                   Asia\u2019s Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization                , Oxford University Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amsden, A.H.\n           and Chu, W.W. (2003),                   Beyond Late Development: Taiwan\u2019s Upgrading Policies                , MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1577.001.0001"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025072819420116700_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1108\/01409171111171492","article-title":"Cluster-based global firms\u2019 use of local capabilities","volume":"34","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"Management Research Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819420116700_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-8198.2007.00070.x","article-title":"Buzz and pipeline dynamics: towards a knowledge-based multiplier model of clusters","volume":"1","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geography Compass"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819420116700_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6486.2009.00829.x","article-title":"The application of external knowledge: organizational conditions for exploration and exploitation","volume":"46","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Management Studies"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571111137269","article-title":"Enterprise internationalisation by foreign investments and technical cooperation","volume":"111","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571011044768","article-title":"Internet and international food industry trade","volume":"110","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1108\/CMS-09-2013-0156","article-title":"Relationship between employees\u2019 performance and social network structure: an empirical research based on a SME from a whole-network perspective","volume":"8","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chinese Management Studies"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b9","unstructured":"Cai, Q.R.\n           (2012), \u201cChojia, Zhidubianqianyuzizhuchuangxin De Tiaozhan: Yizhongguo TD-SCDMA Biaozhun Di Chanyehuafazhanwei Li\u201d, unpublished doctoral dissertation, National Chengchi University, Taipei."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camagni, R.P.\n           (1991), \u201cTechnological change, uncertainty and innovation networks: towards a dynamic theory of economic space\u201d, in Camagni, R.P. (Ed.),                   Innovation Networks: Spatial Perspectives                , Belhaven-Pinter, London, pp. 211-249.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-76311-3_10"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b12","unstructured":"Camagni, R.P.\n           and Maillat, D. (2006),                   Milieux Innovateurs Th\u00e9orie et Politiques                , Economica, Paris."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b13","unstructured":"Castells, M.\n           (1996),                   The Rise of the Network Society                , Blackwell, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b14","unstructured":"Chen, D.S.\n           (2008),                   Making it Integrated: Organizational Networks in Taiwan\u2019s Integrated Circuit Industry                , Socio Publishing, Taipei."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-06-2014-0244","article-title":"Industrial cluster involvement, organizational learning, and organizational adaptation: an exploratory study in high technology industrial districts","volume":"18","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0020-2754.2004.00142.x","article-title":"Globalizing regional development: a global production networks perspective","volume":"29","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transaction Institute of British Geography"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1108\/EBR-02-2013-0027","article-title":"The role of formal industry clusters in the internationalization of new ventures","volume":"26","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Business Review"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b18","unstructured":"Cooke, P.N.\n           (2001), \u201cClusters as key determinants of economic growth: the example of biotechnology\u201d, in Mariussen, A. (Ed.),                   Cluster Policies-Cluster Development?                 Vol. 2, Nordregio Report 2001, Stockholm, pp. 23-38."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b19","unstructured":"Cooke, P.N.\n          , Heidenreich, M. and Braczyk, H.J. (2004),                   Regional Innovation Systems: The Role of Governance in a Globalized World                , Psychology Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b20","unstructured":"Cooper, D.R.\n           and Schindler, P.S. (2006),                   Business Research Methods                , 9th ed., McGraw-Hill\/Irwin, New York, NY."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819420116700_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-8501(94)00079-C","article-title":"The benefits of \u2018Guanxi\u2019: the value of relationships in developing the Chinese market","volume":"24","author":"","year":"1995","journal-title":"Industrial Marketing Management"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ernst, D.\n           (2011), \u201cToward greater pragmatism? China\u2019s approach to innovation and standardization\u201d,                   Policy Brief                , Vol. 18, pp. 1-7.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2742918"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1108\/JOCM-10-2013-0192","article-title":"Innovation in clusters: exploration capacity, networking intensity and external resources","volume":"28","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Change Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819420116700_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1108\/CMS-Sep-2011-0083","article-title":"Electronic information industry, clustering and growth: empirical study of the Chinese enterprises","volume":"7","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chinese Management Studies"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b24","unstructured":"Fan, S.M.\n           (2011), \u201cTo explore the model of China\u2019s High-tech regions: evidences from the semiconductor industry in the Yangtze River Delta\u201d, unpublished doctoral dissertation, National Taipei University, Taipei."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819420116700_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-12-2013-0494","article-title":"Knowledge-centered culture and knowledge sharing: the moderator role of trust propensity","volume":"18","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819420116700_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(01)00136-6","article-title":"Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems complementarity and economic growth","volume":"31","author":"","year":"2002","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b28","unstructured":"Gereffi, G.\n           (1994), \u201cThe organization of buyer-driven global commodity chains: how US retailers shape overseas production networks\u201d, in Gereffi, G. and Korzeniewicz, M. (Eds),                   Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism                , Praeger, Westport, CT, pp. 1-14."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1080\/09692290500049805","article-title":"The governance of global value chain","volume":"12","author":"","year":"2005","journal-title":"Review of International Political Economy"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025072819420116700_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1108\/MD-01-2012-0010","article-title":"Cluster, networks and firms\u2019 product success: an empirical study","volume":"51","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Management Decision"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2004.10.008","article-title":"The micro-determinants of meso-level learning and innovation: evidence from a Chilean wine cluster","volume":"34","author":"","year":"2005","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b32","unstructured":"Grabher, G.\n           (1993), \u201cRediscovering the social in the economics of interfirm relations\u201d, in Grabher, G. (Ed.),                   The Embedded Firm: On the Socioeconomics of Industrial Networks                , Routledge, London, pp. 1-31."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2006.22083026","article-title":"The interplay between exploration and exploitation","volume":"49","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02686328","article-title":"Institutions and growth in East Asia","volume":"38","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"Studies in Comparative International Development"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b34","unstructured":"Hair, J.F.\n          , Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. and Anderson, R.E. (2010),                   Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective                , Pearson Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1040.0078","article-title":"Exploration vs exploitation: an empirical test of the ambidexterity hypothesis","volume":"15","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b85","unstructured":"Hu, H.E.N.\n           and Gang, Z.E.N.G. (2005), \u201cStudy of global value chain governance and local industrial network upgrading \u2212 case of Pudong integrated circuit industrial network\u201d,                   China Industrial Economy                , Vol. 7, pp. 20-27."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819420116700_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1080\/09692290210150842","article-title":"Global production networks and the analysis of economic development","volume":"9","author":"","year":"2002","journal-title":"Review of International Political Economy"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Humphrey, J.\n           and Schmitz, H. (2004), \u201cChain governance and upgrading: taking stock\u201d, in Schmitz, H. (Ed.),                   Local Enterprises in the Global Economy: Issues of Governance and Upgrading                , Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 349-381.","DOI":"10.4337\/9781843769743.00020"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025072819420116700_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1080\/00343400802094969","article-title":"Innovation dynamics of global competitive regional cluster: the case of the Norwegian centers of expertise","volume":"43","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"Regional Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1080\/09654310802682131","article-title":"Suppliers and strategies for upgrading in global production networks: the case of a supplier to the global automotive industry in a high-cost location","volume":"17","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Planning Studies"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b40","unstructured":"Ji, Y.Q.\n           (2007), \u201cZhan xun de pinghengshu\u201d,                   Ceo & Cio in Information Times                , Vol. 21, pp. 50-52."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b41","unstructured":"Jin, J.H.\n           and Zhou, Z.L. (2009), \u201cThe development of Chinese self-technological industrial clusters: the semiconductor case in Wuxi Jingsu, China\u201d, National Chengchi University, Taipei."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson, C.A.\n           (1982),                   MITI and the Japanese Miracle                , Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.","DOI":"10.1515\/9780804765602"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knott, A.M.\n           (2002), \u201cExploration and exploitation as complements\u201d, in Choo, C.W. and Bontis, N. (Eds),                   The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organizational Knowledge                , Oxford University Press, New York, NY, pp. 339-358.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195138665.003.0019"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krugman, P.\n           (1995),                   Development, Geography, and Economic Theory                , MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2389.001.0001"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1108\/MD-08-2013-0426","article-title":"Geographic clustering, network relationships and competitive advantage","volume":"52","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Management Decision"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b47","unstructured":"Liu, X.L.\n           (2008),                   Quanqiu hua, zhuigan yu chuangxin                , Science Press, Beijing."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b86","unstructured":"Lu, W.\n           (2003),                   Jianshe Chuangxin Xing Guojia \u2212 30 Nian Chuangxin Tixi Yanjin                , China Development Press, Beijing."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819420116700_b48","first-page":"23","article-title":"The learning economy","volume":"1","author":"","year":"1994","journal-title":"Industry and Innovation"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b52","unstructured":"McGrath, R.\n           and Macmillan, I. (2000),                   The Entrepreneurial Mindset                , Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819420116700_b49","first-page":"429","article-title":"The elusive concept of localization economics: towards a knowledge-based theory of spatial clustering","volume":"34","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environment and Planning A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2.1.71","article-title":"Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning","volume":"2","author":"","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571011039007","article-title":"Knowledge transfer to the subsidiaries operating in overseas","volume":"110","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b53","unstructured":"Mendenhall, W.\n          , Beaver, J.E. and Beaver, R.J. (1993),                   Statistics for Business and Economics                , 7th ed., Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b54","unstructured":"Miles, M.B.\n           and Huberman, A.M. (1994),                   Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook                , Thousand Oaks, CA."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1108\/13673271011015624","article-title":"Trust and organizational knowledge obtaining in industrial cluster: an international empirical assessment","volume":"14","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819420116700_b88","first-page":"73","article-title":"Industrial cluster involvement, organizational learning, and organizational adaptation: an exploratory study in high technology industrial districts","volume":"8","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chinese Management Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.5.1.14","article-title":"A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation","volume":"5","author":"","year":"1994","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b56","unstructured":"Nunnally, J.C.\n           (1978),                   Psychometric Theory                , 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3112\/erdkunde.1997.01.03","article-title":"On the socio-spatial embeddedness of business firms","volume":"51","author":"","year":"1997","journal-title":"Erdkunde"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.167","article-title":"Guanxi and organizational dynamics: organizational networking in Chinese firms","volume":"22","author":"","year":"2001","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTLID.2008.021964","article-title":"Global value chains in the least developed countries of the world: threats and opportunities for local producers","volume":"1","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porter, M.E.\n           (1990),                   The Competitive Advantage of Nations                , Free Press, New York, NY.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-11336-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570710719052","article-title":"Manufacturing strategies and innovation performance in newly industrialized countries","volume":"107","author":"","year":"2007","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b62","unstructured":"Qu, W.W.\n           and An, S.D. (2003),                   Beyond Late Development: Taiwan\u2019s Upgrading Policies                , Lianjing, Taipei."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saxenian, A.\n           (2004), \u201cTaiwan\u2019s Hsinchu Region: imitator and partner for Silicon\u201d, in Bresnahan, T. and Gambardella, A. (Eds),                   Building High-Tech Clusters: Silicon Valley and Beyond                , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 190-228.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511802911.009"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2013.734458","article-title":"The role of domestic and international external cluster linkages explored on the example of buyer-supplier relations in learning regions: a cross-functional assessment","volume":"21","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Planning Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2307\/422108","article-title":"Elusive synergy: business-government relations and development","volume":"31","author":"","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comparative Politics"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b90","unstructured":"Shenzhen Bureau of Statistics\n           (2013),                   Shenzhen Statistical Yearbook                , China Statistics Press, Peking."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b66","unstructured":"Shenzhen Municipal People\u2019s Government\n           (2009), \u201cShenzhen shi renmin zhengfu guqnyu yinfq shenzh\u00e8n gqoxin jishu chanye yuanqu fazhan zhuanxiang guihua (2009-2015 nian) de tongzhi, Shenzhen\u201d, Shenzhen Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_b67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1050.0134","article-title":"Managing strategic contradictions: a top management model for managing innovation streams","volume":"16","author":"","year":"2005","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819420116700_b68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571211204281","article-title":"Technology business incubators and industrial development: resource-based view","volume":"112","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025072819420116700_b69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2011.573139","article-title":"Digital or local buzz, global or national pipelines: patterns of knowledge sourcing in intelligent machinery and digital content services in Finland","volume":"19","author":"","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Planning Studies"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b70","unstructured":"Storper, M.\n           (1997),                   The Regional World: Territorial Development in a Global Economy                , Guilford Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b71","unstructured":"Tabata, M.\n           (2007), \u201cCross-national technology learning innovation network in Taiwan\u2019s High-Tech industry-comparative analyses between IC and LCD industry\u201d, unpublished doctoral dissertation, National Taiwan University, Taipei."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819420116700_b72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2004.12736089","article-title":"Knowledge, clusters, and competitive advantage","volume":"29","author":"","year":"2004","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072819420116700_b73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164496056002001","article-title":"Factor analytic evidence for the construct validity of scores: a historical overview and some guidelines","volume":"56","author":"","year":"1996","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tushman, M.\n           and Smith, W. (2002), \u201cTechnological change, ambidextrous organizations and organizational evolution\u201d, in Baum, J. (Ed.),                   Blackwell Companion to Organizations                , Basil Blackwell, London, pp. 386-414.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781405164061.ch17"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.2307\/2096399","article-title":"The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economic performance of organizations: the network effect","volume":"61","author":"","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Sociological Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025072819420116700_b76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1108\/09534819510090222","article-title":"Global ideals, local realities: the development project and missionary management in Russia","volume":"8","author":"","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Change Management"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b91","unstructured":"Wan, Z.H.\n           and Gao, S.Q. (2000), \u201cGlobal and local: learning regions of Hsinchu and Taichung compared\u201d,                   Taiwanese Journal of Sociology                , Vol. 24, pp. 179-237."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b77","unstructured":"Wang, Z.H.\n           (2010),                   Taiwan Limits of Fast Follower: Taiwan\u2019s Economic Transition and Innovation                , Juliu Publishing, Taipei."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weiss, L.\n           (2003),                   States in the Global Economy: Bringing Domestic Institutions Back in                , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511491757"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b78","unstructured":"Weiss, L.\n           and Hobson, J.M. (1995),                   States and Economic Development: A Comparative Historical Analysis                , Polity Press, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"2025072819420116700_b79","unstructured":"Wimmer, R.D.\n           and Dominick, J.R. (2006),                   Mass Media Research: An Introduction                , 8th ed., Thomson Wadsworth, Belmont, CA."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1108\/CMS-01-2015-0021","article-title":"Innovation outcomes of knowledge-seeking Chinese foreign direct investment","volume":"9","author":"","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chinese Management Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025072819420116700_b81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2005.07.019","article-title":"Transnational corporations and network effects of a local manufacturing cluster in mobile telecommunications equipment in China","volume":"34","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"World Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025072819420116700_b82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571311289665","article-title":"Optimal technology selection considering input levels of resource","volume":"113","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"2025072819420116700_b83","first-page":"120","article-title":"Learning in a local cluster in the context of the global value chain: a case study of the Yunhe wood toy cluster in Zhejiang, China","volume":"8","author":"","year":"2006","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025072819420116700_frd1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1108\/02635571311324115","article-title":"A hybrid approach to knowledge flow","volume":"113","author":"","year":"2013","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"key":"2025072819420116700_frd2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmitz, H.\n           (2004),                   Local Enterprises in the Global Economy: Issues of Governance and Upgrading                , Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.","DOI":"10.4337\/9781843769743"}],"container-title":["Industrial Management &amp; Data Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/IMDS-06-2015-0229","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IMDS-06-2015-0229\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article-pdf\/116\/4\/622\/1184977\/imds-06-2015-0229.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article-pdf\/116\/4\/622\/1184977\/imds-06-2015-0229.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T23:42:22Z","timestamp":1753746142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/imds\/article\/116\/4\/622\/174837\/Benefiting-from-external-knowledge-A-study-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/imds-06-2015-0229","relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-5577","1758-5783"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0263-5577"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1758-5783"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,9]]}}}