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Guided by SSM, the authors formulate design rules for the establishment of a trust-less platform for PHC which incorporates key principles of transparency, traceability and immutability.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The SSM approach has been criticized for its lack of \u201crigour\u201d and \u201creplicability\u201d. This is a fallacy in understanding its purpose \u2013 theory exploration rather than theory confirmation. Moreover, it is unlikely that quantitative modeling yields any clearer an understanding of complex, socio-technical systems.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The application of Blockchain, a platform for distributed ledgers, and associated technologies present a feasible approach for resolving the problematic situation of low opt-in rates.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Social implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A consequence of low participation is the weak recall and precision of descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analytic models. Factors such as cyber-crime, data violation and the potential for misuse of genetic and medical records have led to a lack of trust from key stakeholders \u2013 accessors, participants, miners and regulators \u2013 to varying degrees.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The application of Blockchain as a trust-enabling platform in the domain of an emerging eco-system such as precision health is novel and pioneering.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-07-2019-0401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T05:11:41Z","timestamp":1579065101000},"page":"608-632","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Design of Blockchain-based Precision Health-Care Using Soft Systems Methodology"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8235-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charcy","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Wingreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nir","family":"Kshetri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnob","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key2020032509574491600_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-017-0110-7","article-title":"Big healthcare data: preserving security and privacy","volume":"5","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Big Data"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020032509574491600_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare7020056","article-title":"Blockchain technology in healthcare: a systematic review","volume":"7","year":"2019","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020032509574491600_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1108\/TG-06-2018-0041","article-title":"Use, cost, and digital divide in online public health care: lessons from Denmark","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy"},{"key":"key2020032509574491600_ref004","volume-title":"Blockchain: Securing a New Health Interoperability Experience","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020032509574491600_ref082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.2217\/pme.14.65","article-title":"Ethical, legal and social implications of incorporating personalized medicine into healthcare","volume":"12","year":"2015","journal-title":"Personalized Medicine"},{"key":"key2020032509574491600_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2018.00031","article-title":"Digital twins in health care: ethical implications of an emerging engineering paradigm","volume":"9","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Genetics"},{"key":"key2020032509574491600_ref006","unstructured":"Burniske, C., Vaughn, E., Shelton, J. and Cahana, A. 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