{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T22:23:47Z","timestamp":1759703027611,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]],"date-time":"2016-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1465776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The purpose of this paper is to identify the structure of strategic investments and the effect of each investment category on business performance in two leading information and communication technology (ICT) countries, the USA and South Korea. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 This is a longitudinal comparative study of the relationship between strategic investments and organizational performance of major telecommunication service providers (TSPs) in the two leading ICT countries, the USA and South Korea. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The study found that a sufficient amount of strategic investments in technological innovations is the driving force for TSPs\u2019 business performance. However, strategic investment structures differ among TSPs, depending on their market position, whether the first mover in the market or a follower, and on their country\u2019s market characteristics. Moreover, even though both countries\u2019 TSP markets are oligopolistic in nature, the market is more saturated in Korea and thus competition appears to be fiercer there than in the USA. The stronger oligopolistic market in Korea has lead TSPs to compete primarily on their marketing strategies, while TSPs in the USA do so based on technological innovation. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The findings of the study shed new insights that can help both TSPs in developing their competitive strategies and government policy makers in assuring healthy competitive telecommunication markets in their countries.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-08-2015-0350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]],"date-time":"2016-05-26T03:19:14Z","timestamp":1464232754000},"page":"960-977","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of telecom service providers\u2019 strategic investments on business performance"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Chang-Gyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Trimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Gun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahn, J.\n               , \n                  Han, S.\n                and \n                  Lee, Y.\n                (2006), \u201cCustomer churn analysis: churn determinants and mediation effects of partial defection in the Korean mobile telecommunications service industry\u201d, \n                  Telecommunications Policy\n               , Vol. 30 Nos 10-11, pp. 552-568.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2006.09.006"},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alexander, E.A.\n                (2012), \u201cThe effects of legal, normative, and cultural-cognitive institutions on innovation in technology alliances\u201d, \n                  Management International Review\n               , Vol. 52 No. 6, pp. 791-815.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11575-011-0123-y"},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Auh, S.\n                and \n                  Merlo, O.\n                (2011), \u201cThe power of marketing within the firm: its contribution to business performance and the effect of power asymmetry\u201d, \n                  Industrial Marketing Management\n               , Vol. 41 No. 5, pp. 861-873.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indmarman.2011.09.021"},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bigliardi, B.\n               , \n                  Dormio, A.I.\n                and \n                  Galati, F.\n                (2012), \u201cThe adoption of open innovation within the telecommunication industry\u201d, \n                  European Journal of Innovation Management\n               , Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 27-54.","DOI":"10.1108\/14601061211192825"},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouillon, M.L.\n               , \n                  Doran, B.M.\n                and \n                  Orazem, P.F.\n                (2011), \u201cHuman capital investment effects on firm returns\u201d, \n                  Journal of Applied Business Research\n               , Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 30-41.","DOI":"10.19030\/jabr.v12i1.5834"},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b6","unstructured":"Bublitz, B.\n                and \n                  Ettredge, M.\n                (1989), \u201cThe information in discretionary outlays: advertising, research, and development\u201d, \n                  Accounting Review\n               , Vol. 64 No. 1, pp. 108-124."},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Callen, J.L.\n                and \n                  Morel, M.\n                (2005), \u201cThe valuation relevance of R\n\t\t\t\t\t&\n\t\t\t\tD expenditures: time series evidence\u201d, \n                  International Review of Financial Analysis\n               , Vol. 14 No. 3, pp. 304-325.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.irfa.2004.10.007"},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Contractor, F.J.\n                and \n                  Mudambi, S.M.\n                (2008), \u201cThe influence of human capital investment on the exports of services and goods: an analysis of the top 25 services outsourcing countries\u201d, \n                  Management International Review\n               , Vol. 48 No. 4, pp. 433-445.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11575-008-0025-9"},{"key":"key2020121500325528900_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coombs, J.E.\n                and \n                  Bierly, P.E. 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