{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T01:10:35Z","timestamp":1775092235556,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IMDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to deal with the practical challenge faced by modern logistics enterprises to accurately evaluate driving performance with high computational efficiency under the disturbance of road smoothness and to identify significantly associated performance influence factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors cooperate with a logistics server (G7) and establish a driving grading system by constructing real-time inertial navigation data-enabled indicators for both driving behaviour (times of aggressive speed change and times of lane change) and road smoothness (average speed and average vibration times of the vehicle body).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The developed driving grading system demonstrates highly accurate evaluations in practical use. Data analytics on the constructed indicators prove the significances of both driving behaviour heterogeneity and the road smoothness effect on objective driving grading. The methodologies are validated with real-life tests on different types of vehicles, and are confirmed to be quite effective in practical tests with 95% accuracy according to prior benchmarks. Data analytics based on the grading system validate the hypotheses of the driving fatigue effect, daily traffic periods impact and transition effect. In addition, the authors empirically distinguish the impact strength of external factors (driving time, rainfall and humidity, wind speed, and air quality) on driving performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study has good potential for providing objective driving grading as required by the modern logistics industry to improve transparent management efficiency with real-time vehicle data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study contributes to the existing research by comprehensively measuring both road smoothness and driving performance in the driving grading system in the modern logistics industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-11-2020-0630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]],"date-time":"2021-08-24T10:15:24Z","timestamp":1629800124000},"page":"2530-2570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Driving performance grading and analytics: learning internal indicators and external factors from multi-source data"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3780-9033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiandong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2694-1250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiande","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4424-1194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2021111212435775900_ref001","first-page":"4","article-title":"Hours of service regulations and the risk of fatigue-and sleep-related road accidents","year":"2003","journal-title":"A Literature Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021111212435775900_ref002","article-title":"Standardized on-road tests assessing fitness-to-drive in people with cognitive impairments: a systematic review","volume":"15","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"17","key":"key2021111212435775900_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr406","article-title":"APCluster: an R package for affinity propagation clustering","volume":"27","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"key2021111212435775900_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2020.04.008","article-title":"Factors underpinning unsafe driving: a systematic literature review of car drivers","volume":"72","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021111212435775900_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2011.04.005","article-title":"Personality as a predictor of driving performance: an exploratory study","volume":"14","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour"},{"key":"key2021111212435775900_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2015.06.039","article-title":"Recovering the number of clusters in data sets with noise features using feature rescaling factors","volume":"324","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"key":"key2021111212435775900_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2021.3065933","article-title":"A review of the current HMM-based approaches of driving behaviors recognition and rrediction","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2021111212435775900_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2020.2992856","article-title":"A TSK-type convolutional recurrent fuzzy network for predicting driving fatigue","volume":"29","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021111212435775900_ref009","first-page":"407","article-title":"Least angle regression","volume":"32","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Annals of Statistics"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021111212435775900_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3141\/2384-03","article-title":"Evaluation of driver perception\u2013reaction time under rainy or wet roadway conditions at onset of yellow indication","volume":"2384","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"},{"key":"key2021111212435775900_ref011","unstructured":"Ericsson, T.L.M. 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