{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T16:50:53Z","timestamp":1778172653142,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IMDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to explore the adoption of contact tracing apps through a hybrid analysis of the collected data using structural equation modelling (SEM) and artificial neural networks (ANN), leading to the identification of the critical determinants for the adoption of contact tracing apps in Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>A research model is developed within the background of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and the privacy calculus theory (PCT) for investigating the adoption of contact tracing apps. This model is then tested and validated using a hybrid SEM-ANN analysis of the survey data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study shows that effort expectancy, perceived value of information disclosure and social influence are critical for adopting contact tracing apps. It reveals that performance expectancy and perceived privacy risks are indirectly significant on the adoption through the influence of perceived value of information disclosure. Furthermore, the study finds out that facilitating condition is insignificant to the adoption of contact tracing apps.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of the study can lead to the formulation of targeted strategies and policies for promoting the adoption of contact tracing apps and inform future epidemic control for better emergency management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study is the first attempt in integrating UTAUT and PCT for exploring the adoption of contact tracing apps in Australia. It combines SEM and ANN for analysing the survey data, leading to better understanding of the critical determinants for the adoption of contact tracing apps.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/imds-12-2020-0697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T01:20:29Z","timestamp":1619659229000},"page":"1599-1616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Hybrid analysis for understanding contact tracing apps adoption"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8235-0092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia Xiaoxia","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1215-1650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hepu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2022092814074295600_ref001","unstructured":"ABS (2016), available at: https:\/\/quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au\/census_services\/getproduct\/census\/2016\/quickstat\/036 (accessed Nov 2020)."},{"key":"key2022092814074295600_ref002","unstructured":"Australia Government Department of Health (2020), \u201cContact tracing apps\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/resources\/apps-and-tools\/covidsafe-app (accessed May 2020)."},{"issue":"5\/6","key":"key2022092814074295600_ref003","first-page":"456","article-title":"Critical determinants for mobile commerce adoption in Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises","volume":"36","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Management"},{"key":"key2022092814074295600_ref004","volume-title":"Contact Tracing Mobile Apps for COVID-19: Privacy Considerations and Related Trade-Offs","year":"2020"},{"key":"key2022092814074295600_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.04.017","article-title":"Mobile shopping apps adoption and perceived risks: a cross-country perspective utilizing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and use of technology","volume":"86","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"key2022092814074295600_ref006","volume-title":"Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2022092814074295600_ref007","unstructured":"Deloitte (2019), \u201cMobile consumer survey: the Australian cut\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www2.deloitte.com\/au\/mobile-consumer-survey."},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092814074295600_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-04-2019-0106","article-title":"Critical determinants for electronic market adoption","volume":"33","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Enterprise Information Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092814074295600_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1060.0080","article-title":"An extended privacy calculus model for e-commerce transactions","volume":"17","year":"2006","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"3\/4","key":"key2022092814074295600_ref601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1108\/01409171211210172","article-title":"Evaluating the critical determinants for adopting e\u2010market in Australian small\u2010and\u2010medium sized enterprises","volume":"35","year":"2012","journal-title":"Management Research Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092814074295600_ref602","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-05-2018-0090","article-title":"An integrated approach for identifying the efficiency-oriented drivers of electronic markets in electronic business","volume":"32","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Enterprise Information Management"},{"key":"key2022092814074295600_ref501","article-title":"How to encourage Australians to adopt the contact tracing app? 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