{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T15:54:20Z","timestamp":1780502060947,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]],"date-time":"2018-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["INTR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which negative online risk experiences (information breaches, explicit content exposure, cyberbullying and sexual solicitations) cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in adolescents. The study also explores whether teens\u2019 short-term coping responses serve to mitigate PTSD or, instead, act as a response to stress from online events.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The study utilized a web-based diary design over the course of two months. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling with repeated measures.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The study confirmed that explicit content exposure, cyberbullying and sexual solicitations (but not information breaches) evoke symptoms of PTSD. Analyses also indicated that teens engage in active and communicative coping after they experience post-traumatic stress, regardless of risk type or frequency.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors found that teens took active measures to cope with online risks soon after they felt threatened (within a week). Actively coping with stressful situations has been shown to enhance adolescent resilience and reduce long-term negative effects of risk exposure. If these early coping behaviors can be detected, social media platforms may be able to embed effective interventions to support healthy coping processes that can further protect teens against long-term harm from exposure to online risks.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This is the first study to examine situational PTSD symptoms related to four types of adolescent online risk exposure within the week exposure occurred. By applying two competing theoretical frameworks (the adolescent resilience framework and transactional theory of stress), the authors show empirical evidence that suggests short-term coping responses are likely a stress reaction to PTSD, not a protective factor against it.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/intr-02-2017-0077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,24]],"date-time":"2018-08-24T19:06:26Z","timestamp":1535137586000},"page":"1169-1188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["When social media traumatizes teens"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Bridget Christine","family":"McHugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Wisniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Beth","family":"Rosson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100208594810200_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1109\/MCE.2014.2360059","article-title":"Psst\u2026 your location is showing!: Metadata in digital photos and posts could be revealing more than you realize","volume":"4","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine"},{"key":"key2020100208594810200_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.031","article-title":"Adolescent stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression: resilience explains and differentiates the relationships","volume":"203","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020100208594810200_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.01.010","article-title":"Malaysian Facebookers: motives and addictive behaviors unraveled","volume":"29","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100208594810200_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2008.0228","article-title":"Older adolescents\u2019 motivations for social network site use: the influence of gender, group identity, and collective self-esteem","volume":"12","year":"2009","journal-title":"CyberPsychology, Behavior & Social Networking"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100208594810200_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1037\/ppm0000055","article-title":"Predicting cyberbullying from anonymity","volume":"5","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychology of Popular Media Culture"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100208594810200_ref006","article-title":"A privacy paradox: social networking in the United States","volume":"11","year":"2006","journal-title":"First Monday"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020100208594810200_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/15332985.2014.888026","article-title":"PTSD as aftermath for bullied LGBT adolescents: the case for comprehensive assessment","volume":"12","year":"2014","journal-title":"Social Work in Mental Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020100208594810200_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1080\/13676261.2014.992323","article-title":"Spectacles of intimacy? 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