{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T14:40:56Z","timestamp":1783953656037,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["INTR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe different viewpoints on the use of social networking sites (SNSs). It analyzes perceptional typologies of SNS users and the characteristics of each type, which has similarities and differences. It also examined possible relationships among different perceptional types, users\u2019 self-identities, and their personality.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study utilized Q-methodology in order to identify diverse explanations of SNS users\u2019 perspectives. Q-methodology requires participants (referred to as P sample) to sort a series of items (Q-statements). After completing a questionnaire including demographics, self-identity, etc., each respondent performed the Q-sorting work. This task involves sorting well-composed statements about SNSs (Q-sample). In all, 46 SNS users from a university in Korea were chosen as participants. Once the P sample had finished Q-sorting, participants had in-depth interviews. When all interviews were finalized, analysis of the Q-sorts was done with the help of QUNAL program.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Consequently, four types of SNS users were identified and given the following descriptive labels: Impression Management Type, Lurker Type, SNS Enjoyer and Relationship Focus Type, and Social Value Orientation Type. Further, there was a significant difference in \u201cRelational Identity\u201d among user types. Regarding personality, the extraversion of Type III appeared to be the highest, and the extraversion of Type II appeared to be the lowest.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Combining aspects of both qualitative and quantitative research to study the subjectivity, the findings of this study provide insight for further research regarding an audience study or an examination of the media behaviors of SNSs. It also suggests theoretical and practical implications.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/intr-05-2017-0194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,13]],"date-time":"2018-04-13T07:39:29Z","timestamp":1523605169000},"page":"767-784","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["A study of social media users\u2019 perceptional typologies and relationships to self-identity and personality"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jin-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref001","first-page":"62","article-title":"Antecedents and consequences of online social networking behavior: the case of Facebook","volume":"3","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Website Promotion"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.2190\/EC.45.2.b","article-title":"Digital divides and social network sites: which students participate in social media?","volume":"45","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Computing Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref003","first-page":"383","article-title":"Self-image, self-concept, and self-identity revised","volume":"95","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the National Medical Association"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2015.0099","article-title":"Rubbernecking effect of intimate information on Twitter: when getting attention works against interpersonal attraction","volume":"18","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"key":"key2020100209202716800_ref005","volume-title":"Psychology","year":"1994"},{"key":"key2020100209202716800_ref006","article-title":"Profiles as conversation: Networked identity performance on friendster","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x","article-title":"Social networking sites: definition, history, and scholarship","volume":"13","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication"},{"key":"key2020100209202716800_ref008","volume-title":"Trust Agents: Using the Web to Build Influence, Improve Reputation and Earn Trust","year":"2010"},{"key":"key2020100209202716800_ref009","volume-title":"Political Subjectivity: Applications of Q Methodology in Political Science","year":"1980"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167208320061","article-title":"Narcissism and social networking web sites","volume":"34","year":"2008","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"issue":"11","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref011","article-title":"You have been poked: exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults","volume":"12","year":"2007","journal-title":"First Monday"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-11-2014-0299","article-title":"Exploring the influence of social media on employee work performance","volume":"26","year":"2016","journal-title":"Internet Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650203257842","article-title":"Preference for online social interaction: a theory of problematic internet use and psychosocial well-being","volume":"30","year":"2003","journal-title":"Communication Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1080\/15213269.2015.1049276","article-title":"Identity shift III: Effects of publicness of feedback and relational closeness in computer-mediated communication","volume":"19","year":"2016","journal-title":"Media Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/analys\/58.1.7","article-title":"The extended mind","volume":"58","year":"1998","journal-title":"Analysis"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2007.35.2.213","article-title":"Materialism and social comparison among adolescents","volume":"35","year":"2007","journal-title":"Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal"},{"key":"key2020100209202716800_ref300","article-title":"Aspects of identity questionnaire (AIQ-IV)","year":"2013","journal-title":"Measurement Instrument Database for the Social Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100209202716800_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2014.0456","article-title":"Couldn\u2019t or wouldn\u2019t? 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