{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T01:56:08Z","timestamp":1781315768483,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u2013 The purpose of this paper is to provide an in-depth overview of the security requirements and challenges for Internet of Things (IoT) and discuss security solutions for various enabling technologies and implications to various applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u2013 Security requirements and solutions are analysed based on a four-layer framework of IoT on sensing layer, network layer, service layer, and application layer. The cross-layer threats are analysed followed by the security discussion for the enabling technologies including identification and tracking technologies, WSN and RFID, communication, networks, and service management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u2013 IoT calls for new security infrastructure based on the new technical standards. As a consequence, new security design for IoT shall pay attention to these new standards. Security at both the physical devices and service-applications is critical to the operation of IoT, which is indispensable for the success of IoT. Open problems remain in a number of areas, such as security and privacy protection, network protocols, standardization, identity management, trusted architecture, etc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u2013 The implications to various applications including supervisory control and data acquisition, enterprise systems, social IoT are discussed. The paper will serve as a starting point for future IoT security design and management. The security strategies for IoT should be carefully designed by managing the tradeoffs among security, privacy, and utility to provide security in multi-layer architecture of IoT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u2013 The paper synthesizes the current security requirements for IoT and provides a clear framework of security infrastructure based on four layers. Accordingly, the security requirements and potential threats in the four-layer architecture are provided in terms of general devices security, communication security, network security, and application security.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/intr-07-2014-0173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,24]],"date-time":"2016-03-24T06:26:27Z","timestamp":1458800787000},"page":"337-359","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":188,"title":["The Internet of Things: a security point of view"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shancang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Tryfonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honglei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics & Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2026061107422609700_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2010.2045373","article-title":"A security analysis for wireless sensor mesh networks in highly critical systems","volume":"40","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026061107422609700_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2010.05.010","article-title":"The Internet of Things: a survey","volume":"54","author":"","year":"2010","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026061107422609700_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2012.07.010","article-title":"The Social Internet of Things (SIoT) \u2013 when social networks meet the Internet of Things: concept, architecture and network characterization","volume":"56","author":"","year":"2012","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"key":"2026061107422609700_b4","unstructured":"Bamforth, R.\n           (2014), \u201cInternet of Things, SCADA, Ipv6 and social networking\u201d, available at: www.it-director.com\/business\/innovation\/content.php?cid=14590 (accessed 14 December 2013)."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026061107422609700_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2014.2300338","article-title":"Internet of Things for enterprise systems of modern manufacturing","volume":"10","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026061107422609700_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2007.05.007","article-title":"Economical assessment of the impact of RFID technology and EPC system on the fast-moving consumer goods supply chain","volume":"112","author":"","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026061107422609700_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2009.120","article-title":"Perci: pervasive service interaction with the Internet of Things","volume":"13","author":"","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Computing"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026061107422609700_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2014.2306391","article-title":"Iot-based configurable information service platform for product lifecycle management","volume":"10","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics"},{"key":"2026061107422609700_b9","unstructured":"CCSA\n           (2012), \u201cSecurity requirements of Internet of Things\u201d, available at: ftp:\/\/ftp.onem2m.org\/Pool\/CCSA\/YDB 101-2012 Security Requirements of Internet of Things.pdf (accessed 1 March 2016)."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026061107422609700_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2014.2308838","article-title":"Time-reversal wireless paradigm for green Internet of Things: an overview","volume":"1","author":"","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal"},{"key":"2026061107422609700_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, J.\n          , Li, S., Wang, X. and Ha, J. 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