{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T23:11:31Z","timestamp":1784243491507,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["INTR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigates the communication behavior of public health organizations on Twitter during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Brazil. It contributes to the understanding of the organizational framing of health communication by showcasing several instances of framing devices that borrow from (Brazilian) internet culture. The investigation of this case extends the knowledge by providing a rich description of the organizational framing of health communication to combat misinformation in a politically charged environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors collected a Twitter dataset of 77,527 tweets and analyzed a purposeful subsample of 536 tweets that contained information provided by Brazilian public health organizations about COVID-19 vaccination campaigns. The data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively by combining social media analytics techniques and frame analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis showed that Brazilian health organizations used several framing devices that have been identified by previous literature such as hashtags, links, emojis or images. However, the analysis also unearthed hitherto unknown visual framing devices for misinformation prevention and debunking that borrow from internet culture such as \u201cinfographics,\u201d \u201cpop culture references\u201d and \u201cinternet-native symbolism.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>First, the identification of framing devices relating to internet culture add to our understanding of the so far little addressed framing of misinformation combat messages. The case of Brazilian health organizations provides a novel perspective to knowledge by offering a notion of internet-native symbols (e.g. humor, memes) and popular culture references for misinformation combat, including misinformation prevention. Second, this study introduces a frontier of political contextualization to misinformation research that does not relate to the partisanship of the spreaders but that relates to the political dilemmas of public organizations with a commitment to provide accurate information to citizens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings inform decision-makers and public health organizations about framing devices that are tailored to internet-native audiences and can guide strategies to carry out information campaigns in misinformation-laden social media environments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Social implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this case study expose the often-overlooked cultural peculiarities of framing information campaigns on social media. The report of this study from a country in the Global South helps to contrast several assumptions and strategies that are prevalent in (health) discourses in Western societies and scholarship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study uncovers unconventional and barely addressed framing devices of health organizations operating in Brazil, which provides a novel perspective to the body of research on misinformation. It contributes to existing knowledge about frame analysis and broadens the understanding of frame devices borrowing from internet culture. It is a call for a frontier in misinformation research that deals with internet culture as part of organizational strategies for successful misinformation combat.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/intr-07-2022-0573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T19:57:16Z","timestamp":1699300636000},"page":"1990-2012","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Combating misinformation with internet culture: the case of Brazilian public health organizations and their COVID-19 vaccination campaigns"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1258-8051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Marx","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4366-1840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Stieglitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Clara","family":"Aquino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"key2023111708421610300_ref001","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media","volume":"6","year":"2019","journal-title":"Research and Politics"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2023111708421610300_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnab094","article-title":"\u2018We should be at the back of the line\u2019: a frame analysis of old age within the distribution order of the COVID-19 vaccine","volume":"61","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023111708421610300_ref003","first-page":"68","article-title":"Cultura pop digital brasileira: em busca de rastros pol\u00edtico-identit\u00e1rios em redes","volume":"19","year":"2016","journal-title":"Revista Eco P\u00f3s"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023111708421610300_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.17645\/mac.v10i2.5037","article-title":"Narratives of anti-vaccination movements in the German and Brazilian twittersphere: a grounded theory approach","volume":"10","year":"2022","journal-title":"Media and Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023111708421610300_ref005","first-page":"1","article-title":"Big data and quality data for fake news and misinformation detection","volume":"6","year":"2019","journal-title":"Big Data and Society"},{"key":"key2023111708421610300_ref006","volume-title":"Doing News Framing Analysis II","year":"2018"},{"key":"key2023111708421610300_ref007","unstructured":"Barretto Briso, C. 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