{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T07:14:27Z","timestamp":1774595667491,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]],"date-time":"2015-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to provide a modified welding image feature extraction algorithm for rotating arc narrow gap metal active-gas welding (MAG) welding, which is significant for improving the accuracy and reliability of the welding process.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>An infrared charge-coupled device (CCD) camera was utilized to obtain the welding image by passive vision. The left\/right arc position was used as a triggering signal to capture the image when the arc is approaching left\/right sidewall. Comparing with the conventional method, the authors\u2019 sidewall detection method reduces the interference from arc; the median filter removes the welding spatter; and the size of the arc area was verified to reduce the reflection from welding pool. In addition, the frame loss was also considered in the authors\u2019 method.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The modified welding image feature extraction method improves the accuracy and reliability of sidewall edge and arc position detection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The algorithm can be applied to welding seam tracking and penetration control in rotating or swing arc narrow gap welding.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The modified welding image feature extraction method is robust to typical interference and, thus, can improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection of sidewall edge and arc 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