{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T15:01:14Z","timestamp":1775055674928,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to present a novel application for a newly developed Technical Vision System (TVS), which uses a laser scanner and dynamic triangulation, to determine the vitality of agriculture vegetation. This vision system, installed on an unmanned aerial vehicle, shall measure the reflected laser energy and thereby determine the normalized differenced vegetation index.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The newly developed TVS shall be installed on the front part of the unmanned aerial vehicle, to perform line-by-line scan in the vision system field-of-view. The  TVS uses high-quality DC motors, instead of previously researched low-quality DC motors, to eliminate the existence of two mutually exclusive conditions, for exact positioning of a DC motor shaft. The use of high-quality DC motors reduces the positioning error after control.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Present paper emphasizes the exact laser beam positioning in the field-of-view of a TVS. By use of high-quality instead of low-quality DC motors, a significant reduced positioning time was achieved, maintaining the relative angular position error less than 1 per cent. Best results were achieved, by realizing a quasi-continuous control, using a high pulse-width modulated duty cycle resolution and a high execution frequency of the positioning algorithm.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The originality of present paper is represented by the novel application of the newly developed TVS in the field of agriculture. The vitality of vegetation shall be determined by measuring the reflected laser energy of a scanned agriculture zone. The paper\u2019s main focus is on the exact laser beam positioning within the TVS field-of-view, using high-quality DC motors in closed-loop position control configuration.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ir-11-2016-0297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T05:48:43Z","timestamp":1493876923000},"page":"532-541","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Exact laser beam positioning for measurement of vegetation vitality"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Lars","family":"Lindner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Sergiyenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Moises","family":"Rivas-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Balbuena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Flores-Fuentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Julio C.","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Qui\u00f1onez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fabian N.","family":"Murrieta-Rico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mykhailo","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Tyrsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis C.","family":"B\u00e1saca-Preciado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref001","first-page":"2886","article-title":"Resolution improvement of dynamic triangulation method for 3d vision system in robot navigation task","year":"2010"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1631921","article-title":"Review of 20 years of range sensor development","volume":"13","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Electronic Imaging"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref003","article-title":"Range error analysis of an integrated time-of-flight, triangulation, and photogrammetric 3d laser scanning system","year":"2000"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2016.02.019","article-title":"Field radiometric calibration of a multispectral on-the-go sensor dedicated to the characterization of vineyard foliage","volume":"123","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref005","first-page":"966","article-title":"Photodiode and chargecoupled device fusioned sensors","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(01)00289-9","article-title":"Novel algorithms for remote estimation of vegetation fraction","volume":"80","year":"2002","journal-title":"Remote Sensing of Environment"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.15517\/am.v22i2.11799","article-title":"El greenseeker y el diagn\u00f3stico del estado de salud de los cultivos","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Agronoma Mesoamericana"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.3390\/s100100313","article-title":"Improving the response of accelerometers for automotive applications by using LMS adaptive filters","volume":"10","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.5772\/45661","article-title":"Construction of a redd monitoring system using GIS and RS techniques","volume":"9","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref010","first-page":"172","article-title":"Hand-eye lrf-based iterative plane detection method for autonomous robotic welding","volume":"12","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref011","first-page":"108","article-title":"Laser scanner","volume-title":"Developing and Applying Optoelectronics in Machine Vision","year":"2016"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref012","first-page":"1926","article-title":"An approach for dynamic triangulation using servomotors","year":"2014"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref013","first-page":"944","article-title":"Continuous 3d scanning mode using servomotors instead of stepping motors in dynamic laser triangulation","volume-title":"IEEE 24th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref014","first-page":"371","article-title":"Uav remote laser scanner improvement by continuous scanning using dc motors","volume-title":"Industrial Electronics Society","year":"2016"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref015","first-page":"1","article-title":"Machine vision system for uav navigation","volume-title":"Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles (ESARS)","year":"2016"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2008.03.009","article-title":"Verification of color vegetation indices for automated crop imaging applications","volume":"63","year":"2008","journal-title":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20304","DOI":"10.3390\/s141120304","article-title":"Terrestrial laser scanning for vegetation sampling","volume":"14","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref018","first-page":"1458","article-title":"Spatial data acquisition by laser scanning for robot or shm task","volume-title":"IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics","year":"2008"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref019","first-page":"395","article-title":"Machine vision: approaches and limitations","volume-title":"Computer Visioni","year":"2008"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref020","first-page":"1","article-title":"Experimental image and range scanner datasets fusion in shm for displacement detection","year":"2016","journal-title":"Structural Control and Health Monitoring"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2013.07.026","article-title":"Optical monitoring of scoliosis by 3d medical laser scanners","volume":"54","year":"2014","journal-title":"Optics and Lasers in Engineering"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5477","DOI":"10.3390\/s90705477","article-title":"Remote sensor for spatial measurements by using optical scanning","volume":"9","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref023","article-title":"Optoelectronic devices and properties","year":"2011"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2011.2166114","article-title":"Automotive fds resolution improvement by using the principle of rational approximation","volume":"12","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sensors Journal"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref025","first-page":"4239","article-title":"Optimal kinematic control of a robotic excavator with laser tvs feedback","year":"2013"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2016.04.003","article-title":"Data transferring model determination in robotic group","volume":"83","year":"2016","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"key":"key2020120710530705700_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.5772\/56985","article-title":"Separated calibration of a camera and a laser rangefinder for robotic heterogeneous sensors","volume":"10","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems"}],"container-title":["Industrial Robot: An International Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IR-11-2016-0297\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IR-11-2016-0297\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:40:20Z","timestamp":1753393220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ir\/article\/44\/4\/532-541\/180264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/IR-11-2016-0297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ir-11-2016-0297","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-991X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-991X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]]}}}