{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T09:24:42Z","timestamp":1765445082778,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to address the challenges of boundary detection and path discontinuities in the 3D shoe upper gluing process by proposing a novel method for robotic trajectory planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The method begins with aligning sole and upper point clouds using non-rigid registration. The overlapping upper region is segmented via the K-nearest neighbor algorithm, and boundary points are extracted. Offset path is calculated based on local geometry to generate the robot\u2019s glue path, ensuring smooth spraying by minimizing pose changes between adjacent points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Experiments conducted on six shoe types demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a boundary recognition accuracy within 2\u2009mm. Real-world glue spraying experiments confirm its effectiveness and practical feasibility for automated processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study introduces a robust method for recognizing shoe upper boundaries and generating continuous robotic spray paths, addressing key limitations in current approaches and advancing automation in footwear manufacturing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ir-11-2024-0523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T06:04:08Z","timestamp":1747289048000},"page":"813-820","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research on automatic spraying technology for 3D shoe uppers"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, & Robotics and Microsystems Center, , Soochow University, Suzhou,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Weinan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenyang Aircraft Corporation (Group) Co., Ltd. Department of Engineering Technology, , Shenyang,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minzu University of China Department of Hainan International College, , Hainan,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, & Robotics and Microsystems Center, , Soochow University, Suzhou,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, & Robotics and Microsystems Center, , Soochow University, Suzhou,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Lining","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, & Robotics and Microsystems Center, , Soochow University, Suzhou,","place":["China"]}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5\/6","key":"2025121104214407500_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-022-10620-6","article-title":"Cooperative human\u2013robot polishing for the task of patina growing on high-quality leather shoes","volume":"125","author":"Borrell","year":"2023","journal-title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025121104214407500_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics10010006","article-title":"A feasibility study of a robotic approach for the gluing process in the footwear industry","volume":"10","author":"Castelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Robotics"},{"key":"2025121104214407500_ref9147420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmachtheory.2017.04.009","article-title":"Optimization of the robot and positioner motion in a redundant fiber placement workcell","volume":"114","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mechanism and Machine Theory"},{"key":"2025121104214407500_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5066","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3350441","article-title":"Development of an integrated robotic workcell for automated bonding in footwear manufacturing","volume":"12","author":"G\u00f3mez-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2025121104214407500_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5036215","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2024.3476594","article-title":"3D trajectory planning scheme for shoe upper processing","volume":"73","author":"Hou","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement"},{"issue":"16","key":"2025121104214407500_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3470","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12163470","article-title":"Deconvolutional neural network for generating spray trajectory of shoe soles","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"2025121104214407500_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2022.102500","article-title":"Automatic joint motion planning of 9-DOF robot based on redundancy optimization for wheel hub polishing","volume":"81","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"key":"2025121104214407500_ref007","first-page":"38","article-title":"Three-dimensional trajectory recognition technology for the junction trace of a material assembly used in footwear manufacturing automation","author":"Mai","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3\/4","key":"2025121104214407500_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-021-06697-0","article-title":"Towards footwear manufacturing 4.0: shoe sole robotic grasping in assembling operations","volume":"114","author":"Oliver","year":"2021","journal-title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"key":"2025121104214407500_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2020.101965","article-title":"A vision guided robotic system for flexible gluing process in the footwear industry","volume":"65","author":"Pagano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025121104214407500_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3390\/app14010297","article-title":"Inverse kinematics proposal to automatize the 3D scanning of handball shoes by using a robotic arm with 3 actuated joints","volume":"14","author":"Pares","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. 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