{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T06:50:25Z","timestamp":1773125425765,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ITP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to investigate how community attachment to an OHC reduces the OHC users' emotional distress and therefore improves their emotional well-being.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>A survey study was conducted in one of the largest online health communities (OHC) for people with diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>OHC participants are likely to experience reduced emotional distress when they have developed an attachment to the community. This attachment is, in turn, positively associated with the normative expectations of reciprocity and the affective feeling of gratitude. However, some commonly used behavioral measures of community participation, such as visit frequency and membership tenure, have little to do with either community attachment or reduced emotional distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The research highlights the pivotal role of community attachment in appraising the much-debated benefits of OHCs. However, the cross-sectional survey study has its limitations in terms of establishing causality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>OHC managers need to look beyond some of the commonly used metrics, such as monthly visits and number of new postings, and focus on fostering a sense of attachment among existing users in order to fulfill the OHC's potential of emotional support. Our study implies that design features facilitating reciprocation and gratitude expression among users can lead to a strong emotional bond.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is one of the first studies on the antecedents of community attachment and the relationship between community attachment and emotional distress in the context of OHC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/itp-06-2019-0293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T22:49:05Z","timestamp":1604443745000},"page":"1949-1975","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Community attachment and emotional well-being: an empirical study of an online community for people with diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6408-1653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip Fei","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9983-2058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9004.2012.00439.x","article-title":"Find, remind, and bind: the functions of gratitude in everyday relationships","volume":"6","year":"2012","journal-title":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3510","article-title":"The effect of social support features and gamification on a web-based intervention for rheumatoid arthritis patients: randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.5260","article-title":"Long-term condition self-management support in online communities: a meta-synthesis of qualitative papers","volume":"18","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref004","first-page":"347","article-title":"\u2018Oh dear, should I really be saying that on here?\u2019: issues of identity and authority in an online diabetes community","volume":"16","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2008.02.004","article-title":"Fostering empowerment in online support groups","volume":"24","year":"2008","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behaviour"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator\u2013mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2006.01705.x","article-title":"Gratitude and prosocial behavior helping when it costs you","volume":"17","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021111709332041200_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1090.0265","article-title":"The impact of community commitment on participation in online communities","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"key2021111709332041200_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/jcc4.12131","article-title":"Virtual support communities and psychological well-being: the role of optimistic and pessimistic social comparison strategies","volume":"20","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication"},{"key":"key2021111709332041200_ref010","article-title":"How do online communities of patients aggregate on Twitter? 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