{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T15:32:36Z","timestamp":1778859156879,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ITP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on leadership and self-efficacy theories, this study investigates how team-level ambidextrous leadership influences employees' enterprise system (ES) use via their self-efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study collected data from a cross-sectional survey including 218 employees working in 56 workgroups in a Chinese financial institution. The authors used a cross-level mediation analysis to test the research model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors find that ambidextrous leadership influences employees' creative self-efficacy and performance self-efficacy and further improves employees' ES use. Moreover, creative self-efficacy mediates the relationship between ambidextrous leadership and explorative use, whereas performance self-efficacy mediates the relationship between ambidextrous leadership and both explorative and exploitative use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study first examines the relationships among ambidextrous leadership, self-efficacy and employees' ES use by developing a cross-level model. Furthermore, by considering ambidextrous leadership as an important team-level factor, this study extends a deeper understanding of ambidexterity theory of leadership in the ES context. In addition, our study extends self-efficacy theory by examining the mediating roles of the two types of self-efficacy (i.e. performance self-efficacy and creative self-efficacy) on ambidextrous leadership\u2013ES use relationship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/itp-07-2020-0479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T01:56:39Z","timestamp":1628906199000},"page":"1443-1465","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["How do ambidextrous leadership and self-efficacy influence employees' enterprise system use: an empirical study of customer relationship management system context"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7813-7232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7355-7676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaobo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2307\/3250951","article-title":"Time flies when you're having fun: cognitive absorption and beliefs about information technology usage","volume":"24","year":"2000","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"key2022060307581109400_ref002","article-title":"Ambidextrous leadership: a multiple case study of innovation leaders on the alignment of opening and closing leader behaviors","year":"2017","journal-title":"Strategy and Management in International Organizations"},{"key":"key2022060307581109400_ref003","volume-title":"Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions","year":"1991"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/002224377701400320","article-title":"Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys","volume":"14","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","article-title":"Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change","volume":"84","year":"1977","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.89.4.587","article-title":"The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth","volume":"89","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2017.10.004","article-title":"Effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and patient safety outcomes","volume":"66","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nursing Outlook"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1111\/etap.12089","article-title":"Entrepreneurial passion as mediator of the self-efficacy to persistence relationship","volume":"39","year":"2015","journal-title":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.12253","article-title":"The role of project and organizational context in managing high-tech R&D projects","volume":"24","year":"2015","journal-title":"Production and Operations Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1108\/14637150310496758","article-title":"Understanding customer relationship management (CRM) people, process and technology","volume":"9","year":"2003","journal-title":"Business Process Management Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2011.07.003","article-title":"How does leadership affect information systems success? The role of transformational leadership","volume":"48","year":"2011","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2307\/249688","article-title":"Computer self-efficacy - development of a measure and initial test","volume":"19","year":"1995","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.36.2.123","article-title":"Information technology implementation research: a technological diffusion approach","volume":"36","year":"1990","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.8.982","article-title":"User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models","volume":"35","year":"1989","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2010.548412","article-title":"Narrowing the creativity gap: the moderating effects of perceived support for creativity","volume":"145","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1100.0286","article-title":"Knowledge exploration and exploitation: the impacts of psychological climate and knowledge management system Access","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref017","first-page":"202","article-title":"Beyond dualism: stability and change as a duality","volume":"35","year":"2010","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2009.06.001","article-title":"The impact of supply chain integration on performance: a contingency and configuration approach","volume":"28","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Operations Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Iii","DOI":"10.2307\/23044042","article-title":"An update and extension to SEM guidelines for administrative and social science research","volume":"35","year":"2011","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2307\/20159573","article-title":"The antecedents, consequences,and mediating role of organizational ambidexterity","volume":"47","year":"2004","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2009.43670890","article-title":"Employee learning orientation, transformational leadership, and employee creativity: the mediating role of employee creative self-efficacy","volume":"52","year":"2009","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-09-2014-0197","article-title":"Examining information systems infusion from a user commitment perspective","volume":"29","year":"2016","journal-title":"Information Technology and People"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref023","first-page":"870","article-title":"Exploitation and exploration climates' influence on performance and creativity: diminishing returns as function of self-efficacy","volume":"44","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017776","article-title":"Paradoxes of leading innovative endeavors: summary, solutions, and future directions","volume":"5","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1080.0902","article-title":"Knowledge sharing ambidexterity in long-term interorganizational relationships","volume":"54","year":"2008","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.69.1.85","article-title":"Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias","volume":"69","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1100.0342","article-title":"A multilevel analysis of the effect of group appropriation on collaborative technologies use and performance","volume":"23","year":"2012","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1037\/a0038818","article-title":"The dual effects of leading for safety: the mediating role of employee regulatory focus","volume":"100","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2007.02.002","article-title":"Organizational culture and leadership in ERP implementation","volume":"45","year":"2008","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2014.2354693","article-title":"A user empowerment approach to information systems infusion","volume":"61","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-04-2013-0063","article-title":"Examining explorative and exploitative uses of smartphones: a user competence perspective","volume":"28","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Technology and People"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(99)00002-9","article-title":"Testing a model of pull production: a paradigm for manufacturing research using structural equation modeling","volume":"17","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Operations Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428105284919","article-title":"The sources of four commonly reported cutoff criteria what did they really say?","volume":"9","year":"2006","journal-title":"Organizational Research Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.5465\/19416521003691287","article-title":"Exploration and exploitation within and across organizations","volume":"4","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Annals"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2015.0577","article-title":"How does it ambidexterity impact organizational agility?","volume":"26","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"key2022060307581109400_ref036","first-page":"86","article-title":"Impact of transformational leadership on system exploration in the mandatory organizational context","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1120.0456","article-title":"Motivational differences across post-acceptance information system usage behaviors: an investigation in the business intelligence systems context","volume":"24","year":"2013","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.90.2.242","article-title":"The impact of justice climate and justice orientation on work outcomes: a cross-level multifoci framework","volume":"90","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"key2022060307581109400_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.043","article-title":"Creativity in is usage and workgroup performance: the mediating role of ambidextrous usage","volume":"42","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2.1.71","article-title":"Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning","volume":"2","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2015\/39.1.01","article-title":"Motivating employees to explore collaboration technology in team contexts","volume":"39","year":"2015","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1177\/002224379102800302","article-title":"Collinearity, power, and interpretation of multiple regression analysis","volume":"28","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref043","first-page":"37","article-title":"Ambidextrous leadership: a meta-review applying static and dynamic multi-level perspectives","volume":"14","year":"2018","journal-title":"Review of Managerial Science"},{"key":"key2022060307581109400_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2018.04.001","article-title":"The effects of employees' creative self-efficacy on innovative behavior: the role of entrepreneurial leadership","volume":"89","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1002\/hrm.21898","article-title":"Are embedded employees active or passive? The roles of learning goal orientation and preferences for wide task boundaries and job mobility in the embeddedness-voice link","volume":"57","year":"2018","journal-title":"Human Resource Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref046","first-page":"1","article-title":"Balancing exploration and exploitation in transferring research into practice: a comparison of five knowledge translation entity archetypes","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"Implementation Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1002\/job.650","article-title":"Transformational and transactional leadership and innovative behavior: the moderating role of psychological empowerment","volume":"31","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Behavior"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","article-title":"Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies","volume":"88","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1379(199809)19:5<523::AID-JOB860>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Self-leadership and performance outcomes: the mediating influence of self-efficacy","volume":"19","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Behavior"},{"key":"key2022060307581109400_ref050","volume-title":"Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods","year":"2002"},{"key":"key2022060307581109400_ref051","volume-title":"Advancing the Formulation and Testing of Multilevel Mediation and Moderated Mediation Models","year":"2017"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leaqua.2011.07.014","article-title":"Explaining the heterogeneity of the leadership-innovation relationship: ambidextrous leadership","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Leadership Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.2307\/20721429","article-title":"A multi-project model of key factors affecting organizational benefits from enterprise systems","volume":"34","year":"2010","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-4822(03)00017-2","article-title":"Entrepreneurial motivation","volume":"13","year":"2003","journal-title":"Human Resource Management Review"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-02-2020-0069","article-title":"Understanding fintech continuance: perspectives from self-efficacy and ect-is theories","volume":"120","year":"2020","journal-title":"Industrial Management and Data Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2307\/25148624","article-title":"How do suppliers benefit from information technology use in supply chain relationships?","volume":"28","year":"2004","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref057","first-page":"398","article-title":"Revisiting the impact of system use on task performance: an exploitative-explorative system use framework","volume":"20","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref058","first-page":"473","article-title":"Support structures and their impacts on employee outcomes: a longitudinal field study of an enterprise system implementation","volume":"39","year":"2015","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref059","first-page":"1137","article-title":"Creative self-efficacy: its potential antecedents and relationship to creative performance","volume":"45","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2017.0708","article-title":"Direct and indirect information system use: a multimethod exploration of social power antecedents in healthcare","volume":"28","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1108\/IJM-09-2014-0177","article-title":"Does transformational, ambidextrous, transactional leadership promote employee creativity? Mediating effects of empowerment and promotion focus","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Manpower"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540","article-title":"User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view","volume":"27","year":"2003","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2307\/41410412","article-title":"Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology","volume":"36","year":"2012","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.90.2.308","article-title":"Beyond self-esteem: influence of multiple motives on identity construction","volume":"90","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1002\/hrm.21917","article-title":"Idiosyncratic deals and employee creativity: the mediating role of creative self-efficacy","volume":"57","year":"2018","journal-title":"Human Resource Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1108\/LODJ-11-2012-0141","article-title":"Ambidextrous leadership for innovation: the influence of culture","volume":"36","year":"2015","journal-title":"Leadership and Organization Development Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref067","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enabling knowledge diversity to benefit cross-functional project teams: joint roles of knowledge leadership and transactive memory system","volume":"56","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022060307581109400_ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428108327450","article-title":"Testing multilevel mediation using hierarchical linear models: problems and solutions","volume":"12","year":"2009","journal-title":"Organizational Research Methods"}],"container-title":["Information Technology &amp; People"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/ITP-07-2020-0479\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/ITP-07-2020-0479\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:55:11Z","timestamp":1753394111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/itp\/article\/35\/4\/1443-1465\/186816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/ITP-07-2020-0479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/itp-07-2020-0479","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-3845"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-3845","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]}}}