{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T03:16:15Z","timestamp":1768014975288,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ITP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to examine cognitive, emotional, and behavioral reactions caused by online petition campaigns against cases of perceived corporate malpractice, while also contributing to the ongoing debate over the spill-over effects of online activism to offline contexts. A dual pathway model is advanced based on the individual\u2019s motivation to help the people affected by irresponsible corporate behavior and punish the deviant corporation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two studies (USA and UK) are used to gather cross-sectional and longitudinal data, which are analyzed using structural equation modeling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Online petition campaigns relying on the display of victims affected by irresponsible behavior trigger feelings of compassion and anger. While the former leads to campaign support motivated by a desire to help, the latter causes intentions to punish. Intentions to support the petition resulting from this dual pathway influence the actual signing of the petition online and self-reported offline negative word of mouth against the company.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Social implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both identified pathways should be activated by online petition campaigns to increase online support and spreading offline negative word of mouth. To do so, such campaigns need to increase perceptions of unfairness and victim\u2019s similarity, and likeability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>Scant research has examined the psychological processes that explain the effectiveness of online petition campaigns against businesses and the motivations to sign an online petition and engage in subsequent offline behavior. Implications for businesses are also discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/itp-08-2016-0179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,3]],"date-time":"2017-10-03T19:12:49Z","timestamp":1507057969000},"page":"969-990","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The offline spill-over of signing online petitions against companies"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3339-9105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Antonetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Danae","family":"Manika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"key2020120414221813400_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327663JCP0903_1","article-title":"Nontarget markets and viewer distinctiveness: the impact of target marketing on advertising attitudes","volume":"9","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer 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