{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T14:57:52Z","timestamp":1781103472530,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ITP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors investigate the relationship between instant messenger (IM) use and work performance, mediated by interruptions and two key indicators of the stress associated with technology use: overload and complexity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors validate this research model using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with data collected through a survey of 416 working professionals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data reveal that while IM use contributes minimally to work interruptions and to a greater extent to technological complexity, these two constructs fully mediate the direct influence of IM use at work on technology overload, and meanwhile significantly and directly contribute to work performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>This research provides theoretical insights into the deployment of IM and its actual impacts in the workplace. To improve the generalisation of the findings, the authors call for more IM-related research in other countries, with more native theories and various methodologies in this domain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The level of stress generated through IM use is moderate, considering IM is not a significant contributor to work interruptions. Thus, despite the potential negative effects of IM communication, the positive effects of using IM at work prevail. As a result, the technology can be promoted as long as employees, their managers and the organisation as a whole are well prepared. Employees can transfer skills and behaviour from the personal setting to their work environment and thus may find an intrinsic motivation to make better use of the IM technology at work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors argue that this research model is novel for its perspective on evaluating the actual impacts of IM use at work instead of the reasons of using it. The authors conceptualise the process to explain how IM contributes to interruptions and other technostress indicators in the working context, and the impact on performance. Contrary to some prior research, the authors find that overall IM applications do not have a negative impact on work performance, and instead may enhance it.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/itp-09-2022-0656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T07:06:29Z","timestamp":1695193589000},"page":"249-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Instant messaging, interruptions, stress and work performance"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5428-3905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luminita","family":"Hurbean","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3540-2267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louie H.M.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol XJ","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7243-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert M.","family":"Davison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5403-8050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Octavian","family":"Dospinescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s10111-016-0399-6","article-title":"Interruptions in the wild: portraying the handling of interruptions in manufacturing from a distributed cognition lens","volume":"19","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cognition, Technology and Work"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref002","article-title":"Mobile instant messaging techno-stressors: measurement, dimensionality, and relationships with type of usage","volume":"31","year":"2022","journal-title":"Profesional de la informaci\u00f3n"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.2307\/41409963","article-title":"Technostress: technological antecedents and implications","volume":"35","year":"2011","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref004","first-page":"52","article-title":"Information overload? Maybe not","volume":"34","year":"2010","journal-title":"Online"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1080\/1359432X.2014.897943","article-title":"Just more of the same, or different? An integrative theoretical framework for the study of cumulative interruptions at work","volume":"24","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1100.0573","article-title":"Email as a source and symbol of stress","volume":"22","year":"2011","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref007","first-page":"1","article-title":"How to perform and report an impactful analysis using partial least squares: guidelines for confirmatory and explanatory IS research","volume":"57","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref008","first-page":"22","article-title":"Plugged in: technology overload why too much tech can make teachers' lives harder","volume":"82","year":"2018","journal-title":"Education Technology Solutions"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref009","volume-title":"Technostress: the Human Cost of the Computer Revolution","year":"1984"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2016.08.020","article-title":"Social media-induced technostress: its impact on the job performance of it professionals and the moderating role of job characteristics","volume":"114","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref011","article-title":"Absorbed in technology but digitally overloaded: interplay effects on gig workers' burnout and creativity","volume":"58","year":"2021","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2020\/14818","article-title":"The bright and dark sides of technostress: a mixed-methods study involving healthcare IT","volume":"44","year":"2020","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2003.12.001","article-title":"Unintended consequences of emerging communication technologies: instant Messaging in the workplace","volume":"21","year":"2005","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.11.035","article-title":"Exploring the effect of overload on the discontinuous intention of social media users: an SOR perspective","volume":"81","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2018\/13631","article-title":"Life interrupted: the effects of technology-mediated work interruptions on work and nonwork outcomes","volume":"42","year":"2018","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1108\/INTR-03-2020-0159","article-title":"Internal or external social media? The effects of work-related and social-related use of social media on improving employee performance","volume":"32","year":"2022","journal-title":"Internet Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref016","first-page":"361","article-title":"How do enterprise social media affordances affect social network ties and job performance?","volume":"33","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information Technology & People"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref107","first-page":"8","article-title":"Understanding employee response to work-related use of instant messaging app after-hours: a stress and coping perspective","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Pacifc Asia Conference on Information Systems,","year":"2019"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref017","first-page":"1743","article-title":"Effects of communication-oriented overload in mobile instant messaging on role stressors, burnout, and turnover intention in the workplace","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.88.1.82","article-title":"Aftereffects of stress on human performance and social behavior: a review of research and theory","volume":"88","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.5406\/amerjpsyc.130.2.0163","article-title":"Failures due to interruptions or distractions: a review and a new framework","volume":"130","year":"2017","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref020","volume-title":"Notification, Disruption, and Memory: Effects of Messaging Interruptions on Memory and Performance","year":"2001"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222310210","article-title":"Understanding employee responses to stressful information security requirements: a coping perspective","volume":"31","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1108\/JBIM-03-2017-0057","article-title":"The dark side of technology: examining the impact of technology overload on salespeople","volume":"34","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abrep.2017.07.002","article-title":"Smartphone addiction, daily interruptions and self-reported productivity","volume":"6","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors Reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/01972240490507974","article-title":"The concept of information overload: a review of literature from organization science, accounting, marketing, MIS, and related disciplines","volume":"20","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Information Society"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref025","article-title":"Instant messaging and employee's performance: a text mining approach","year":"2022"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1145\/3299768","article-title":"The history of digital spam","volume":"62","year":"2019","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720817738845","article-title":"Stress outcomes of four types of perceived interruptions","volume":"60","year":"2018","journal-title":"Human Factors"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/03637751.2012.673000","article-title":"Testing the connectivity paradox: linking teleworkers' communication media use to social presence, stress from interruptions, and organizational identification","volume":"79","year":"2012","journal-title":"Communication Monographs"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104","article-title":"Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error","volume":"18","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fricker, R.D. (2015), \u201cSampling methods for online surveys\u201d, in The SAGE Handbook of Online Research Methods, SAGE, pp.\u00a0195-217.","DOI":"10.4135\/9780857020055.n11"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.07.040","article-title":"The effects of technostress within the context of employee use of ICT","volume":"40","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00387","article-title":"Interrupting the workplace: examining stressors in an information technology context","volume":"16","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Association of Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref033","first-page":"23","article-title":"IM=Interruption management? Instant messaging and disruption in the workplace","volume":"13","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref034","first-page":"91","article-title":"A practical guide to factorial validity using PLS-Graph: tutorial and annotated example","volume":"16","year":"2005","journal-title":"Communications of the AIS"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref035","first-page":"3321","article-title":"A bibliometric review of technostress: historical roots, evolution and central publications of a growing research field","year":"2021"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.12.035","article-title":"Should I send this message? Understanding the impact of interruptions, social hierarchy and perceived task complexity on user performance and perceived workload","volume":"55","year":"2013","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref037","volume-title":"Multivariate Data Analysis","year":"2006","edition":"6th ed."},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-011-0261-6","article-title":"An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modelling in marketing research","volume":"40","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref039","volume-title":"A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation\u00a0Modeling (PLS-SEM)","year":"2022","edition":"3 Ed."},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1080\/03637751.2015.1133920","article-title":"The practical paradox of technology: the influence of communication technology use on employee burnout and engagement","volume":"83","year":"2016","journal-title":"Communication Monographs"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref041","first-page":"2264","article-title":"The impact of social media on digital guanxi development in the Chinese workplace","year":"2023"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-02-2019-0090","article-title":"Social media usage and employee's job performance: the moderating role of social media rules","volume":"119","year":"2019","journal-title":"Industrial Management and Data Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.2307\/30040736","article-title":"Work interrupted. A closer look at the role of interruptions in organizational life","volume":"28","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref044","first-page":"180","article-title":"The importance of policy to effective IM use and improved performance","volume":"33","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information Technology and People"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.32479\/irmm.10190","article-title":"Social media usage, overload and exhaustion: a performance perspective","volume":"10","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Review of Management and Marketing"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref046","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the negative outcomes of ICT use at work, incorporating the role of job autonomy","year":"2019"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.03.008","article-title":"When more is too much: operationalizing technology overload and exploring its impact on knowledge worker productivity","volume":"26","year":"2010","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4018\/ijec.2015100101","article-title":"Common method bias in PLS-SEM: a full collinearity assessment approach","volume":"11","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of e-Collaboration"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00302","article-title":"Lateral collinearity and misleading results in variance-based SEM: an illustration and recommendations","volume":"13","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/job.377","article-title":"Work performance, affective commitment, and work motivation: the roles of pay administration and pay level","volume":"27","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/10580530.2014.854097","article-title":"Connection overload? A cross cultural study of the consequences of social media connection","volume":"31","year":"2014","journal-title":"Information Systems Management"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref052","volume-title":"Stress, Appraisal, and Coping","year":"1984"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2016.02.003","article-title":"Debunking the instant messaging myth?","volume":"36","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.016","article-title":"Using social media for work: losing your time or improving your work?","volume":"31","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref055","first-page":"1036","article-title":"Turning their pain to gain: charismatic leader influence on follower stress appraisal and job performance","volume":"59","year":"2016","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10111-020-00625-0","article-title":"Technostress inhibitors and creators and their impacts on university teachers' work performance in higher education","volume":"23","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognition, Technology and Work"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2010.59","article-title":"Exploring the impact of instant messaging on subjective task complexity and user satisfaction","volume":"20","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref058","unstructured":"Mahapatra, M. and Pillai, R. (2018), \u201cTechnostress in organizations: a review of literature\u201d, Research Papers, ECIS: 99, available at: https:\/\/aisel.aisnet.org\/ecis2018_rp\/99"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/isj.12068","article-title":"The effects of technostress and switching stress on discontinued use of social networking services: a study of Facebook use","volume":"25","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Systems Journal"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2013.01.011","article-title":"Do instant messaging interruptions help or hinder knowledge workers' task performance","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref061","first-page":"107","article-title":"The cost of interrupted work: more speed and stress","year":"2008"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark, G., Iqbal, S., Czerwinski, M., Johns, P. and Sano, A. (2016), \u201cEmail duration, batching and self-interruption: patterns of email use on productivity and stress\u201d, in Proceeding of CHI\u201916, ACM Press, pp.\u00a01717-1728.","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858262"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2017.08.014","article-title":"Applying social network analysis to the examination of interruptions in healthcare","volume":"67","year":"2018","journal-title":"Applied Ergonomics"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Millard, N.J. (2020), \u201cThe balanced communications diet for business\u201d, in Cooper, C.L. (Ed.), Psychological Insights for Understanding Covid-19 and Work, Routledge, London.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003119951-2"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327043hup1002_1","article-title":"A theory of individual differences in task and contextual performance","volume":"10","year":"1997","journal-title":"Human Performance"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref066","article-title":"Guanxi in the digital age: the influence of social media on guanxi development","year":"2019"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref067","first-page":"1849","article-title":"Mediation analysis in partial least squares path modeling: helping researchers discuss more sophisticated models","volume":"119","year":"2016","journal-title":"Industrial Management and Data Systems"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref068","first-page":"262","article-title":"Timespace in the workplace: dealing with interruptions","year":"1995"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.2307\/255556","article-title":"Individuals and information overload in organizations: is more necessarily better?","volume":"23","year":"1980","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2011.05.004","article-title":"Interactive or interruptive? Instant messaging at work","volume":"52","year":"2011","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2014\/38.1.10","article-title":"Swift guanxi in online marketplaces: the role of computer-mediated-communication technologies","volume":"38","year":"2014","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","article-title":"Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies","volume":"88","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref073","first-page":"806","article-title":"Pardon the interruption: an integrative review and future research agenda for research on work interruptions","volume":"46","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2019.1585476","article-title":"A double-edged sword? Exploring the impact of students' academic usage of mobile devices on technostress and academic performance","volume":"38","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behavior and Information Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1070.0165","article-title":"The consequences of technostress for end users in organizations","volume":"19","year":"2008","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoandorg.2005.02.004","article-title":"Delays and interruptions: a self-perpetuating paradox of communication technology use","volume":"15","year":"2005","journal-title":"Information and Organization"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref077","article-title":"10 Years of research on technostress creators and inhibitors: synthesis and critique","year":"2018"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s10111-013-0256-9","article-title":"Technostress in the office: a distributed cognition perspective on human\u2013technology interaction","volume":"16","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cognition, Technology and Work"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2016.04.001","article-title":"Mobile instant messaging use and social capital: direct and indirect associations with employee outcomes","volume":"54","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2011.555313","article-title":"The impact of computer self-efficacy and technology dependence on computer-related technostress: a social cognitive theory perspective","volume":"27","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1109\/52.714843","article-title":"Interrupts: just a minute never is","volume":"15","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Software"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref082","article-title":"Impact of the usage of social media in the workplace on team and employee performance","volume":"56","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref083","first-page":"369","article-title":"Feeling interrupted - being responsive: how online messages relate to affect at work","volume":"39","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Behavior"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref084","first-page":"6631","article-title":"A cautionary tale: how Co-constructed work obligations lead to ICT- related technostress","year":"2021"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-03-2021-0239","article-title":"Flooded with too many messages? Predictors and consequences of instant messaging fatigue","volume":"35","year":"2022","journal-title":"Information Technology and People"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref086","first-page":"857","article-title":"Concentration, competence, confidence, and capture: an experimental study of age, interruption-based technostress, and task performance","volume":"19","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref087","article-title":"Worker stress in the age of mobile technology: the combined effects of perceived interruption overload and worker control","volume":"29","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Strategic Information Systems"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref088","article-title":"Please do not disturb: managing interruptions and task complexity","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240109","article-title":"The impact of technostress on role stress and productivity","volume":"24","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222270311","article-title":"Impact of technostress on end-user satisfaction and performance","volume":"27","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/isj.12042","article-title":"Technostress: negative effect on performance and possible mitigations","volume":"25","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Systems Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref092","first-page":"6","article-title":"The technostress trifecta - techno eustress, techno distress and design: theoretical directions and an agenda for research","volume":"29","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information Systems Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1145\/1053291.1053323","article-title":"Computer-related technostress in China","volume":"48","year":"2005","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref094","article-title":"Conducting cross-cultural research","year":"2006"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1177\/0170840611410829","article-title":"Constant connectivity: rethinking interruptions at work","volume":"32","year":"2011","journal-title":"Organization Studies"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref096","unstructured":"Weinert, C. and El-Robrini, N. (2021), \u201cChallenge and hindrance coping: explaining how users cope with positive and negative technostress\u201d, ECIS 2021 Research Papers, 81, available at: https:\/\/aisel.aisnet.org\/ecis2021_rp\/81"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref097","volume-title":"User Acceptance of Mobile Notifications","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2765","article-title":"Development and validation of the workplace interruptions measure","volume":"34","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-01-2017-0016","article-title":"Coping with mobile technology overload in the workplace","volume":"28","year":"2018","journal-title":"Internet Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-10-2016-0237","article-title":"Excessive social media use at work: exploring the effects of social media overload on job performance","volume":"31","year":"2018","journal-title":"Information Technology and People"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref101","article-title":"Impact of technostress on productivity from the theoretical perspective of appraisal and coping processes","volume":"57","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref102","first-page":"163","article-title":"Temporal factors in mental work: effects of interrupted activities","volume":"62","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2014.3","article-title":"Giving too much social support: social overload on social networking sites","volume":"24","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2025010610133164800_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/isj.12067","article-title":"Technostress creators and job outcomes: theorising the moderating influence of personality traits","volume":"25","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Systems Journal"},{"key":"key2025010610133164800_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1109\/MITP.2020.2977343","article-title":"Taking on the \u2018dark side\u2019\u2013 coping with technostress","volume":"22","year":"2020","journal-title":"IT Professional"}],"container-title":["Information Technology &amp; People"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/ITP-09-2022-0656\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/ITP-09-2022-0656\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:55:38Z","timestamp":1753394138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/itp\/article\/38\/1\/249-278\/1241248"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/ITP-09-2022-0656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/itp-09-2022-0656","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-3845"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-3845","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]}}}