{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:27:48Z","timestamp":1754155668087,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]],"date-time":"2013-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379289600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The aim of this research is the development of a problem-based curriculum for robotic surgical training and its evaluation. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 First, the aim and objectives of the curriculum are defined and the background learning theories that guide our work are introduced. The methodology for designing the simulator-based training is presented and finally the output of this work is reported, that is the SAFROS training paradigm, resulted as a balanced synthesis of behavioural and constructivist learning theories. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The evaluation of basic skills tasks of the curriculum revealed a high acceptance among the trainees. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 Within this paper, a first implementation and evaluation of the basic skills tasks is described. Further cooperation between pedagogues and software engineers is required in order to put in practice the whole curriculum. Then, further training experiments with surgeons are necessary to check the validity of the whole curriculum. The authors also need to establish proficiency criteria that can come from the achievements of expert surgeons using the simulator and the robot and use them as final goals to be achieved by trainees in future courses. In the field of subjective evaluation, a possible future extension might be a bigger number of questions. Moreover, the innovative method of text mining in its application to opinion mining decisions can be further applied. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 In this paper, an innovative approach for the development of a simulator-based curriculum for robotic surgical training is presented and first evaluation results based on ratings from trainees are also presented. The value of this paper is relevant to medical trainers and curriculum designers.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/itse-05-2013-0011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]],"date-time":"2013-08-29T09:50:41Z","timestamp":1377769841000},"page":"211-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Aligning technology with learning theories"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Dimitris","family":"Alimisis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Zoulias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aggarwal, R.\n               , \n                  Hance, J.\n                and \n                  Darzi, A.\n                (2004), \u201cSurgical education and training in the new millennium\u201d, Surg. Endosc., Vol. 18 No. 10, pp. 1409-1410.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-004-8238-x"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b3","unstructured":"Begg, M.\n               , \n                  Ellaway, R.\n               , \n                  Dewhurst, D.\n                and \n                  MacLeod, H.\n                (2007), \u201cTransforming professional healthcare narratives into structured game-informed-learning activities\u201d, Innovate, Vol. 3 No. 6."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camp, G.\n                (1996), Problem-Based Learning: A Paradigm Shift or a Passing Fad?, MEO; 1:2.","DOI":"10.3402\/meo.v1i.4282"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b31","unstructured":"Cox, S.A.\n               , \n                  Pofahl, W.E. II\n                and \n                  Pories, W.J.\n                (2002), Surgical Trainee Curriculum, 4th ed., The Association of Program Directors in Surgery, Toronto."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gallagher, A.\n               , \n                  Ritter, E.M.\n               , \n                  Champion, H.\n               , \n                  Higgons, G.\n               , \n                  Fried, M.P.\n               , \n                  Moses, G.\n               , \n                  Smith, C.D.\n                and \n                  Sataya, R.M.\n                (2005), \u201cVirtual reality simulation for the operating room: proficiency-based training as a paradigm shift in surgical skills training\u201d, Ann. Surg., Vol. 241 No. 2, pp. 364-372.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000151982.85062.80"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b6","unstructured":"Glasersfeld, E.\n                (1987), The Construction of Knowledge, Intersystems Publications, Seaside, CA."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b7","unstructured":"Jarvis, P.\n                (1987), Adult Learning in the Social Context, Routledge, London."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirschner, P.A.\n               , \n                  Sweller, J.\n                and \n                  Clark, R.E.\n                (2006), \u201cWhy minimal guidance during instruction does not work: an analysis of the failure of teaching\u201d, Educational Psychologist, Vol. 41, pp. 75-86.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326985ep4102_1"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kneebone, R.\n                (2003), \u201cSimulation in surgical training: educational issues and practical implications\u201d, Medical Education, Vol. 37, pp. 267-277.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2003.01440.x"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b10","unstructured":"Knowles, M.\n                (1984), The Adult Learner: A Neglected Species, 3rd ed., Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b11","unstructured":"Kolb, D.\n                (1984), Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kommers, P.A.M.\n               , \n                  Luursema, J.M.\n               , \n                  Rodel, S.\n               , \n                  Geelkerken, B.\n                and \n                  Kunst, E.\n                (2004), \u201cVirtual reality for training medical skills\u201d, International Journal of Continuing Engineering Education and Life Long Learning, Vol. 14, pp. 142-166.","DOI":"10.1504\/IJCEELL.2004.004581"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kunkler, K.\n                (2006), \u201cThe role of medical simulation: an overview\u201d, Int. J. Med. Robot, Vol. 2, pp. 203-210.","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.101"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McClusky, D.A.\n                and \n                  Smith, C.D.\n                (2008), \u201cDesign and development of a surgical skills simulation curriculum\u201d, World Journal of Surgery, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 171-181.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-007-9331-9"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b15","unstructured":"Mitchell, A.\n                and \n                  Savill-Smith, C.\n                (2004), \u201cThe use of computer and video games for learning: a review of the literature\u201d, Learning and Skills Development Agency, London, available at: www.LSDA.org.uk."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b16","unstructured":"Morshead, R.W.\n                (1995), Patterns of Educational Practice: Theories of Curriculum, Pierian Press, Ann Arbor, MI."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b17","unstructured":"Newell, A.\n                and \n                  Simon, H.A.\n                (1972), Human Problem Solving, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norman, G.R.\n                (1992), \u201cThe psychological basis of problem-based learning: a review of the evidence\u201d, Acad. Med., Vol. 67 No. 9, pp. 557-565.","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-199209000-00002"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b19","unstructured":"Papert, S.\n                (1992), The Children's Machine, Basic Books, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b20","unstructured":"Piaget, J.\n                (1974), To Understand is to Invent, Basic Books, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasmussen, J.\n                (1983), \u201cSkills, rules, knowledge; signals, signs, and symbols, and other distinctions in human performance models\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Vol. 13, pp. 257-266.","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1983.6313160"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b22","unstructured":"Rogers, A.\n                (2003), What is the Difference? A New Critique of Adult Learning and Teaching, NIACE, Leicester."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sabria, H.\n               , \n                  Cowan, B.\n               , \n                  Kapralos, B.\n               , \n                  Porte, M.\n               , \n                  Backstein, D.\n                and \n                  Dubrowskie, A.\n                (2010), \u201cSerious games for knee replacement surgery procedure education and training\u201d, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 2, pp. 3483-3488.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.03.539"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b24","unstructured":"Satava, R.\n                (2007), \u201cThe future of surgical simulation and surgical robotics\u201d, Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons, Vol. 92 No. 3, pp. 13-19."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b25","unstructured":"Savery, J.\n                and \n                  Duffy, T.M.\n                (1995), \u201cProblem based learning: an instructional model and its constructivist framework\u201d, Educational Technology, Vol. 35 No. 5, pp. 31-38."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidt, H.G.\n               , \n                  Molen, H.V.\n               , \n                  Winkel, Wilcow. R. Te\n                and \n                  Wijnen, Wynandh. F.W.\n                (2009), \u201cConstructivist, problem-based learning does work: a meta-analysis of curricular comparisons involving a single medical school\u201d, Educational Psychologist, Vol. 44 No. 4, pp. 227-249.","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520903213592"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seymour, N.E.\n               , \n                  Gallagher, A.G.\n                and \n                  Roman, S.A.\n                (2002), \u201cVirtual reality training improves operating room performance: results of a randomized, double-blinded study\u201d, Ann. Surg., Vol. 236, pp. 458-464.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200210000-00008"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b28","unstructured":"Shah, G.\n                and \n                  Haas, G.\n                (2006), \u201cTeaching daVinci Robot(R) surgical system \u2013 a new paradigm\u201d, Journal f\u00fcr Urologie und Urogyn\u00e4kologie, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 22-23."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b29","unstructured":"Shannon, C.E.\n                (1949), The Mathematical Theory of Communication, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, IL."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, N.L.\n                (2011), \u201cIs there a role for humanist learning theory in intra-operative surgical training?\u201d, R. Coll. Surg. Engl., Suppl., pp. 11-14.","DOI":"10.1308\/147363511X595091"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Squire, K.D.\n                (2008), \u201cGame-based learning: an emerging paradigm for learning\u201d, Performance Improvement Quarterly, Vol. 21 No. 2, pp. 7-36.","DOI":"10.1002\/piq.20020"},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b33","unstructured":"Stapleton, A.\n                (2004), \u201cSerious games: serious opportunities\u201d, Proc. of the 2004 Australian Game Developers Conference, Australia, pp. 1-6."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_b34","unstructured":"Vidhya, K.\n                and \n                  Aghila, G.\n                (2010), \u201cText mining process, techniques and tools: an overview\u201d, International Journal of Information Technology and Knowledge Management, Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 613-622."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_frd1","unstructured":"Ajlouni, M.\n               , \n                  Athamneh, S.\n                and \n                  Jaradat, A.\n                (2010), \u201cMethods of evaluation: training techniques\u201d, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Vol. 37, pp. 56-65."},{"key":"key2022021520033534700_frd2","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                (2010), \u201cIncreasing complexity of medical technology and consequences for training and outcome of care\u201d, Background Paper."}],"container-title":["Interactive Technology and Smart Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/ITSE-05-2013-0011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/ITSE-05-2013-0011\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/ITSE-05-2013-0011\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:56:40Z","timestamp":1753394200000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/itse\/article\/10\/3\/211-229\/176220"}},"subtitle":["A simulator-based training curriculum in surgical robotics"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/ITSE-05-2013-0011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/itse-05-2013-0011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-5659"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1741-5659"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]}}}