{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T07:12:08Z","timestamp":1773385928106,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,18]],"date-time":"2017-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492473600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ITSE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This paper aims to clarify how affect-based adaptation can improve implicit recognition of playing style of individuals during game sessions. This study presents the \u201cRush for Gold\u201d game using dynamic difficulty adjustment of tasks based on both player performance and affectation inferred through electrodermal activity and facial expressions of the player. The game applies linear regression for calculating playing styles to be applied for achieving a style-based adaptation in other educational video games.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The experimental procedure included subject selection, demonstration, informed consent procedure, two game sessions in random order \u2013 one without and another with affective adaptation control \u2013 and post-game self-report. The experiment was conducted with participation of 30 master students and university lecturers in informatics.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study presents experimental results concerning the impact of affective adaptation over playing style recognition, game session time, task\u2019s effectiveness, efficiency and difficulty and, as well, player\u2019s assessment of affectively adaptive gameplay obtained by an adaptation control panel embedded into the game and by post-game self-report.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The proposed adaptive game limits recognised styles to such based on the Kolb\u2019s Learning Style Inventory model. Another limitation of the study is the relatively small number of participants constrained by the extended experimental procedure and the desktop game version.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The paper presents an original research on the effect of affect-based adaptation on a novel approach for implicit recognition of playing styles.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/itse-07-2016-0023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T03:56:23Z","timestamp":1491364583000},"page":"31-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Affect-based adaptation of an applied video game for educational purposes"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8554-2188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boyan","family":"Bontchev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3169-0097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dessislava","family":"Vassileva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020120804185331400_ref001","first-page":"392","article-title":"Game and learner ontology model","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020120804185331400_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2010.01.011","article-title":"Analytic measures for quantification of arousal from spontaneous skin conductance fluctuations","volume":"76","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"key2020120804185331400_ref003","unstructured":"Bartle, R. 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