{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:30:52Z","timestamp":1783038652594,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ITSE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to examine live streaming experiences of business students\u2019 at the tertiary education level, and how the use of this interactive platform satisfies their affective, cognitive, social and hedonic needs in learning. Likewise, it explored the influence of live streaming class on the learning outcome needed in achieving self-directed learning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drawing on the uses and gratifications theory, a conceptual framework was developed to discover the impact of interactive live streaming platform in meeting learners\u2019 needs required for self-directed learning. A survey was conducted with a sample of 402 business undergraduate students from 5 universities. Data was analyzed with covariance-based structural equation modeling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study confirmed that learners\u2019 gratifications gained from live streaming encouraged them to collaborate with the instructors in meeting the learning outcomes. The findings also supported that the interactive nature of live streaming offers the opportunity for students to learn independently. Thus, it sheds new light on how a live streaming learning environment can be further developed in promoting self-directed learning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study offers a novel understanding of live stream class adoption by examining learners\u2019 needs from a uses and gratification perspective. It also contributed new insight to the existing literature on live streaming technology use in education to promote self-directed learning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/itse-12-2020-0242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T00:12:40Z","timestamp":1621555960000},"page":"145-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Immersive live streaming experience in satisfying the learners\u2019 need for self-directed learning"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ree Chan","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bee Lian","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2022051008294718500_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2017.03.007","article-title":"Teenage peer-to-peer knowledge sharing through social network sites in secondary schools","volume":"110","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers and Education"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2022051008294718500_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2017.2656064","article-title":"Automated online exam proctoring","volume":"19","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022051008294718500_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.09.018","article-title":"Structural equation modelling: adjudging model fit","volume":"42","year":"2007","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022051008294718500_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124187016001004","article-title":"Practical issues in structural modeling","volume":"16","year":"1987","journal-title":"Sociological Methods and Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022051008294718500_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3108\/beej.10.c3","article-title":"Perspectives on self- directed learning \u2013 the importance of attitudes and skills","volume":"10","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioscience Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022051008294718500_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/23752696.2020.1816847","article-title":"Transformation or evolution? 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