{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T17:53:48Z","timestamp":1767635628080,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates the interplay of emotional drivers, media representation, information behaviours and organisational responses during the Frost Action (Akcja Mrozy), a crisis-driven initiative led by the Krakow Animal Welfare Association (KTOZ). The aim is to explore how communication strategies, emotional mobilisation and social pressure influenced public engagement and to examine the structural and epistemic challenges the NGO faced in this high-pressure context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative content analysis was conducted on news articles and social media interactions from KTOZ\u2019s official Facebook profiles. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring patterns of behaviour, emotional triggers, communication barriers and trust dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The analysis revealed eight key areas: framing and reception in traditional media, social media reactions, NGO responses, emotional engagement, information behaviour, information barriers and communication failures, verification issues and the fragility of information environments, social pressure and normative messaging and tensions and adoption procedures. Findings support H1 and suggest how analysing affective information behaviours can enhance NGO crisis communication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study highlights the critical need for consistent communication frameworks, proactive crisis preparedness and transparent public messaging in NGO-led initiatives. Findings offer valuable insights into improving the resilience, coherence and effectiveness of future crisis communication strategies, particularly in emotionally charged contexts (H2). The study contributes to the broader discourse on NGOs as epistemically and affectively engaged institutions, highlighting their role in shaping, interpreting and responding to crises.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jd-01-2025-0030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T13:51:44Z","timestamp":1750686704000},"page":"985-1002","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Social responsibility of NGOs in\u00a0the\u00a0shaping of information behaviour in emergency situations \u2013 a\u00a0case study of the frost action"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2724-9880","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Monika","family":"Krakowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jagiellonian University in Krakow Institute of Information Studies, , ,","place":["Krakow, Poland"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9770-3674","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Zych","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jagiellonian University in Krakow Institute of Information Studies, , ,","place":["Krakow, Poland"]}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2026010509023608400_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21601","article-title":"Information behavior and decision making in time constrained practice: a dual-processing perspective","volume":"62","author":"Allen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"unstructured":"Allison, M. and Kaye, J. 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