{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:21:31Z","timestamp":1762521691990,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,8]],"date-time":"2014-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,8]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The benefits of public libraries as perceived by adults in everyday activities, in cultural activities and in career are modeled by multivariate techniques. The paper aims to discuss these issues. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The survey data are based on a representative sample of 1,000 Finnish adults ranging from 15 to 79 years. The perceived benefits were modeled by linear regression analysis and by path analysis. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The models explain 27-32 percent of the variation in the three benefit types observed. The role and the explanatory power of the factors included in the models vary to a certain extent between the benefit types. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The results are generalizable at least to small, wealthy welfare states with a well-developed public library system. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 It seems that the public library functions relatively more as a source of information for everyday activities in older age groups, whereas more as a source of information for career in younger age groups. The public library should profile its services accordingly. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 This is first study to model the factors associated with the benefits adults derive by using the public library in the major areas of life.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jd-02-2013-0016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,10]],"date-time":"2014-07-10T21:46:58Z","timestamp":1405028818000},"page":"640-657","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Models explaining the perceived outcomes of public libraries"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Pertti","family":"Vakkari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b1","unstructured":"Berelson, B.\n (1950), The Library's Public, 3rd ed., Columbia UP, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chulef, A.\n , \n Read, S.\n and \n Walsh, D.\n (2001), \u201cA hierarchical taxonomy of human goals\u201d, Motivation and Emotion, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 191-232.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012225223418"},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b3","unstructured":"Durrance, J.\n , \n Fisher, K.\n and \n Hinton, M.\n (2005), How Libraries and Librarians Help: Assessing Outcomes in Your Library, American Library Association, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b4","unstructured":"Fowler, F.J.\n (1984), Survey Research Methods, Sage, Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, CA."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Groves, R.M.\n (2006), \u201cNonresponse rates and nonresponse bias in household surveys\u201d, Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 70 No. 5, pp. 646-675.","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfl033"},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b6","unstructured":"Hair, J.F.\n , \n Black, W.C.\n , \n Babin, B.J.\n and \n Anderson, R.E.\n (2010), Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th ed., Prentice-Hall Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b7","unstructured":"Hernon, P.\n and \n Dugan, R.\n (2002), An Action Plan for Outcomes Assessments in Your Library, American Library Association, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b8","unstructured":"Huysmans, F.\n and \n Hillebrink, C.\n (2008), The Future of the Dutch Public Library: Ten Years On, Netherlands Institute for Social Research, The Hague."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b9","unstructured":"Lance, K.C.\n , \n Steffen, N.O.\n , \n Logan, R.\n , \n Rodney, M.J.\n and \n Kaller, S.\n (2001), Counting on Results: New Tools for Outcome-Based Evaluation of Public Libraries, Bibliographical Center for Research, Aurora, CO, available at: www.lrs.org\/documents\/cor\/CoRFin.Pdf (accessed December 14, 2010)."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b10","unstructured":"McClure, C.\n and \n Bertot, J.\n (1998), Public Library Use in Pennsylvania: Identifying Uses, Benefits and Impacts, Pennsylvania State Dept. of Education, Harrisburg, PA."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meegan, S.P.\n and \n Berg, C.A.\n (2001), \u201cS.P. Whose life task is it anyway? Social appraisal and life task pursuit\u201d, Journal of Personality, Vol. 69 No. 3, pp. 363-389.","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6494.00149"},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b12","unstructured":"Pedhazur, E.\n (1982), Multiple Regression in Behavioral Research, 2nd ed., Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b130","unstructured":"National Endowment for the Arts\n (2009), \u201cReading on the rise. A new chapter in the American literacy\u201d, available at: www.nea.gov\/research\/ReadingonRise.pdf (accessed March 27, 2012)."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b131","unstructured":"Ross, C.S.\n , \n McKechnie, L.\n and \n Rothbauer, P.\n (2006), \u201cReading matters\u201d, Libraries Unlimited, West port, Conn."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b13","unstructured":"Rossi, P.\n , \n Lipsey, M.\n and \n Freeman, H.\n (2004), Evaluation. A Systematic Approach, 7th ed., Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b14","unstructured":"Rubin, R.J.\n (2006), Demonstrating Results Using Outcome Measurement in Your Library, ALA, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sin, S.C.\n (2012), \u201cModeling the impact of individuals\u2019 characteristics and library service levels on high school students\u2019 public library usage: a national analysis\u201d, Library and Information Science Research, Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 228-237.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2012.01.002"},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b16","unstructured":"Statistics Finland\n (2009), \u201cPopulation structure\u201d, available at: www.stat.fi\/til\/vaerak\/index_en.html (accessed November 22, 2010)."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b17","unstructured":"Vakkari, P.\n (1988), \u201cLibrary supply as an incentive to borrowing: a contextual analytic approach\u201d, Svensk Biblioteksforskning, Vols 3-4 No. 1, pp. 24-41."},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vakkari, P.\n (2012), \u201cInternet use increases the odds of using the public library\u201d, Journal of Documentation, Vol. 68, pp. 618-638, doi:10.1108\/00220411211256003??.","DOI":"10.1108\/00220411211256003"},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vakkari, P.\n and \n Serola, S.\n (2012), \u201cPerceived outcomes of public libraries\u201d, Library and Information Science Research, Vol. 34 No. 1, pp. 37-44.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2011.07.005"},{"key":"key2020123002142293700_b20","unstructured":"Virtanen, T.\n (2007), Across and Beyond the Bounds of Taste. 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