{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T16:41:13Z","timestamp":1764175273890,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to describe, analyze and understand international users' library experience in the Digital Age in order to inform library service design and ensure it provides an inclusive environment. In this study, the behavioral and experiential aspects of user library experience are merged to develop essential interconnections between information behavior (IB) and user experience (UX) in the context of the academic library with the goal of constructing a more holistic understanding of \u2018library experience.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was built on the concept \u201clibrary experience\u201d through analyzing its essential components of IB and UX. It was developed through findings from mixed methods research, consisting of the quantitative investigation from a library log analysis, and qualitative investigations via cognitive mapping exercises and semi-structured interviews, both targeted on the largest single group of international students in United Kingdom \u2013 international Chinese students.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings demonstrated the complexity and multilayered characteristics of international Chinese students' library context, and three unique contexts emerged from the data shaping their library experience. Building on the previous findings on the connections between IB and UX, the work attempted to redefine \u201clibrary experience\u201d by joining both behavioral and experiential aspects. It is found that the key components of cultural library experience are the multilayered context, cultural group's perception needs, sense-making process and subjective evaluations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study joins the behavioral and experiential perspectives together to explore library experience in a more holistic way and proposes a systematic structure to understand and analyze library experience, especially that of international users in a cross-cultural context, which, in turn, will better serve their information needs and inform the design of a more equal and inclusive library system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jd-02-2022-0035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T23:46:25Z","timestamp":1661730385000},"page":"608-634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Understanding international users' library experience in the Digital Age \u2013 joining the behavioral and experiential aspects"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9736-4916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaming","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5619-6725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Lomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4518-8794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles","family":"Inskip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1443-5449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Bunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Exploring Context in Information Behavior","year":"2017","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref001"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref002","unstructured":"Ancona, D. (2012), \u201cSensemaking: framing and acting in the unknown\u201d, The Handbook for Teaching Leadership: Knowing, Doing, and Being, SAGE, Thousand Oaks, pp. 3-19."},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/13538322.2016.1153899","article-title":"Informed choice? How the United Kingdom's key information set fails to represent pedagogy to potential students","volume":"22","year":"2016","journal-title":"Quality in Higher Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-1333(01)00180-X","article-title":"Usability testing of an academic library web site: a case study","volume":"27","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref005","first-page":"325","article-title":"User experience quality: a conceptual framework for goal setting and measurement","year":"2007","journal-title":"Digital Human Modeling. ICDHM 2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1353\/pla.2014.0021","article-title":"Staying true to the core: designing the future academic library experience","volume":"14","year":"2014","journal-title":"Libraries and the Academy"},{"first-page":"11","volume-title":"Libraries Designed for Learning","year":"2003","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref007"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref008","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of digital library impact and user communities by analysis of usage patterns","volume":"8","year":"2002","journal-title":"D-Lib Magazine"},{"volume-title":"Academic Library Impact on Student Learning and Success: Findings from Assessment in Action Team Projects","year":"2017","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref009"},{"issue":"103","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.29173\/lirg95","article-title":"What are students doing in our library? Ethnography as a method of exploring library user behaviour","volume":"33","year":"2009","journal-title":"Library and Information Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000608099895","article-title":"Academic libraries and social and learning space: a case study of Loughborough university library, UK","volume":"41","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-019-1514-1","article-title":"\u2018A melting pot of cultures\u2019 -challenges in social adaptation and interactions amongst international medical students","volume":"19","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"edition":"3rd ed.","volume-title":"Looking for Information: A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs and Behavior","year":"2012","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref013"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref014","first-page":"3","article-title":"Framing social life in theory and research","volume":"1","year":"2000","journal-title":"The New Review of Information Behaviour Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1353\/ils.2015.0000","article-title":"An exploratory analysis of international students' information needs and uses","volume":"39","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science"},{"volume-title":"Digital Transformation for UK Public Libraries: Five Approaches to a \u2018Single Digital Presence","year":"2019","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref016"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref017","first-page":"41","article-title":"Libqual + one instrument in the new measures toolbox","volume":"35","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Library Administration"},{"issue":"1986","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref018","first-page":"273","article-title":"Context in information behavior research","volume":"41","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1007\/s10734-017-0186-1","article-title":"Space and embodiment in informal learning","volume":"75","year":"2018","journal-title":"Higher Education"},{"edition":"3rd\u00a0ed.","volume-title":"Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches","year":"2009","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref020"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2011.07.002","article-title":"Institutional repositories, open access, and scholarly communication: a study of conflicting paradigms","volume":"37","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref022","first-page":"13","article-title":"Given a context by any other name: methodological tools for taming the unruly beast","volume-title":"Information seeking in context: Proceedings of an International Conference on Research in Information Needs, Seeking and Use in Different Contexts","year":"1996"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1108\/13673279810249369","article-title":"Sense-making theory and practice: an overview of user interests in knowledge seeking and use","volume":"2","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.5860\/crl_56_01_49","article-title":"CD-ROM search techniques of novice end-users: is the English as a second language student at a disadvantage?","volume":"56","year":"1995","journal-title":"College & Research Libraries"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/10572317.2016.1204179","article-title":"How they search, how they feel, and how to serve them? Information needs and seeking behaviors of Chinese students using academic libraries","volume":"48","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Information and Library Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.5860\/rusq.52n1.61","article-title":"College libraries and student culture: what we now know","volume":"52","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reference & User Services"},{"year":"2009","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref027","article-title":"Digital library economics: an academic perspective"},{"journal-title":"Emerging Approaches to Educational Research: Tracing the Socio-material","year":"2011","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref028"},{"year":"2012","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref029","article-title":"Human information interaction: an ecological approach to information behavior"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref030","first-page":"261","article-title":"Understanding experience in interactive systems","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Designing Interactive Systems: Processes, Practices, Methods, and Techniques","year":"2004"},{"volume-title":"Studying Students: The Undergraduate Research Project at the University of Rochester","year":"2007","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref031"},{"volume-title":"Library as Place: Rethinking Roles, Rethinking Space","year":"2005","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref032"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2011.06.003","article-title":"Usability testing for e-resource discovery: how students find and choose e-resources using library web sites","volume":"37","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref601","first-page":"102421","article-title":"Library log analysis and its implications for studying online information seeking behavior of cultural groups","volume-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref602","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2022.101181","article-title":"Cognitive mapping and its implication for understanding cultural behaviors and experiences in libraries","volume":"44","year":"2022","journal-title":"Library & Information Science Research"},{"year":"1995","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref034","article-title":"Human information interaction"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gourlay, L. and Oliver, M. (2016), \u201cIt\u2019s not all about the learner: reframing students\u2019 digital literacy as sociomaterial practice\u201d, Research, Boundaries, and Policy in Networked Learning, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 77-92.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-31130-2_5"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/hequ.12075","article-title":"Sociomaterial texts, spaces and devices: questioning \u2018digital dualism\u2019 in library and study practices","volume":"69","year":"2015","journal-title":"Higher Education Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1080\/01449290500330331","article-title":"User experience - A research agenda","volume":"25","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behaviour and Information Technology"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref037","unstructured":"Heath, P.J. (2016), \u201cApplying human-centred design to the library experience\u201d, User Experience in Libraries-Applying Ethnography and Human-Centered Design, Michigan Publishing, Michigan, pp. 49-67."},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref038","unstructured":"HESA (2022), \u201cHigher education student statistics: UK, 2020\/21 - where students come from and go to study\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.hesa.ac.uk\/news\/25-01-2022\/sb262-higher-education-student-statistics\/location."},{"issue":"6","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1080\/03075079.2010.537320","article-title":"Bodies in narratives of doctoral students' learning and experience","volume":"37","year":"2012","journal-title":"Studies in Higher Education"},{"year":"2013","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref040","article-title":"Coping with private and academic information needs abroad: an exploratory study of international students"},{"journal-title":"British Council","article-title":"The shape of global Higher Education: international comparisons with Europe","year":"2019","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref041"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref042","unstructured":"Ishimura, Y. and Bartlett, J.C. (2013), \u201cUncovering the research process of international students in North America: are they different from domestic students? Information Research\u201d, available at: http:\/\/informationr.net\/ir\/18-1\/paper564.html#.XwHOpJNKilM."},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1086\/680151","article-title":"Diversity, inclusion, and library and information science: an ongoing imperative (or why we still desperately need to have discussions about diversity and inclusion)","volume":"85","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Library Quarterly"},{"volume-title":"Multi-dimensional Transitions of International Students to Higher Education","year":"2016","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref044"},{"first-page":"1","article-title":"Academic library as a learning environment: how do students perceive it","year":"2003","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref045"},{"issue":"13","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20483","article-title":"Measuring online information seeking context, Part 1: background and method","volume":"57","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"first-page":"164","article-title":"Appropriation of information systems: using cognitive mapping for eliciting users' sensemaking","year":"2008","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref047"},{"journal-title":"Seeking Meaning: A Process Approach to Library and Information Services","year":"2004","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref048"},{"volume-title":"Computers as Theatre","year":"1993","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref049"},{"first-page":"719","article-title":"Understanding, scoping and defining user experience","year":"2009","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref050"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-8188(01)00107-4","article-title":"Insights into library services and users from qualitative research","volume":"24","year":"2002","journal-title":"Library and Information Science Research"},{"volume-title":"Breathing Life into a Standard: The Configuration of Resuscitation in Practices of Informing","year":"2015","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref052"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2009.08.001","article-title":"Chinese graduate students and the Canadian academic library: a user study at the University of Windsor","volume":"35","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2009.12.004","article-title":"Toward an understanding of library patron wayfinding: observing patrons' entry routes in a public library","volume":"32","year":"2010","journal-title":"Library and Information Science Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1145\/1015530.1015549","article-title":"Technology as experience","volume":"11","year":"2004","journal-title":"Interactions"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref056","unstructured":"McCusker, C. and Babington, D. (2018), \u201cThe 2018 digital university-staying relevant in the digital age\u201d, available at: www.pwc.co.uk\/publicsector."},{"first-page":"1","article-title":"Rules of (mis) conduct: user behaviour in public libraries","year":"2006","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref057"},{"first-page":"1","article-title":"International students' information needs and use of technology","year":"2007","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref058"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref059","first-page":"4","article-title":"At home in the academic library? A study of student feelings of \u2018homeness\u2019","volume-title":"New Review of Academic Librarianship","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref060","first-page":"1","article-title":"Why do academics use academic social networking sites?","volume":"18","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1080\/10691316.2011.577683","article-title":"The third place: the library as collaborative and community space in a time of fiscal restraint","volume":"18","year":"2011","journal-title":"College and Undergraduate Libraries"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2016.06.012","article-title":"Multilingual information retrieval & use: perceptions and practices amongst bi\/multilingual academic users","volume":"42","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"volume-title":"The Great Good Place","year":"1989","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref063"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, H.L. (2011), \u201cWeaving the threads of experience into human information interaction (HII): probing user experience (UX) for new directions in information behaviour\u201d, New Directions in Information Behaviour, Emerald Publishing, Bingley, pp. 69-92.","DOI":"10.1108\/S1876-0562(2011)002011a007"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/02763877.2013.755033","article-title":"What students really do in the library: an observational study","volume":"54","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Reference Librarian"},{"year":"2017","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref066","article-title":"Mapping the future of academic libraries: a report for SCONUL"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref089","first-page":"1","article-title":"Uncovering complexity and detail","volume-title":"User Experience in Libraries-Applying Ethnography and Human-Centered Design","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref067","first-page":"115","article-title":"Affordance theory: a framework for graduate students' information behavior","volume":"63","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"volume-title":"Bit by Bit: Social Research in the Digital Age","year":"2019","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref068"},{"volume-title":"The Dilemma of Context","year":"1989","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref069"},{"volume-title":"Qualitative Content Analysis in Practice","year":"2012","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref070"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2021.101071","article-title":"Validating students\u2019 library experience survey using rasch model","volume":"43","year":"2021","journal-title":"Library and Information Science Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/01639261003742231","article-title":"Library usage trends and needs of international students","volume":"29","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behavioral and Social Sciences Librarian"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/10572317.2013.10766369","article-title":"Chinese students in American academic libraries: a survey of Chinese user satisfaction with US library experience","volume":"45","year":"2013","journal-title":"The International Information & Library Review"},{"volume-title":"Case Study Research in Practice","year":"2009","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref074"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref075","first-page":"44","article-title":"Social media, learning and connections for international students: the disconnect between what students use and the tools learning management systems offer","volume":"36","year":"2020","journal-title":"Australasian Journal of Educational Technology"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref076","unstructured":"Smith, C. and Crespo-Dubie, D. (2018), \u201cWhat is the digital age and the internet of things?\u201d, available at: http:\/\/smithandassociates.us.com\/sites\/default\/files\/TheDigital AgeandtheInternetofThingsSA.pdf."},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1108\/14684520510598020","article-title":"Library users in human information behaviour","volume":"29","year":"2005","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref078","first-page":"1","article-title":"What students do when they study in the library: using ethnographic methods to observe student behavior","volume":"8","year":"2007","journal-title":"Electronic Journal of Academic an Special Librarianship"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1080\/00207590701396674","article-title":"Usability, aesthetics and emotions in human-technology interaction","volume":"42","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2007.01.018","article-title":"The use of OPAC in a large academic library: a transactional log analysis study of subject searching","volume":"33","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"year":"1990","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref081","article-title":"Adhocracy: the power to change"},{"key":"key2023040305111716200_ref082","first-page":"133","article-title":"New modes of scholarly communication: implicationsof Web 2.0 in the context of research dissemination","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transforming Research Libraries for the Global Knowledge Society"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(97)00028-9","article-title":"Information behaviour: an interdisplinary perspective","volume":"33","year":"1997","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000007145","article-title":"Models in information behaviour research","volume":"55","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref085","first-page":"49","article-title":"Human information behavior","volume":"3","year":"2000","journal-title":"Informing Science"},{"article-title":"A general theory of human information behaviour","volume-title":"Information Research","year":"2016","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref090"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref086","first-page":"119","article-title":"International students' information needs and seeking behaviours throughout the settlement stages","volume":"67","year":"2017","journal-title":"Libri"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2023040305111716200_ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2009.03.011","article-title":"An exploratory usability evaluation of Colorado state university libraries' digital collections and the western waters digital library web sites","volume":"35","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Academic Librarianship"}],"container-title":["Journal of Documentation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JD-02-2022-0035\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JD-02-2022-0035\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:33:25Z","timestamp":1753396405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jd\/article\/79\/3\/608-634\/194860"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/JD-02-2022-0035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jd-02-2022-0035","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-0418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]}}}