{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T14:32:04Z","timestamp":1774967524067,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study proposes a framework for third-party logistics service providers (3PLs) in emerging economies. This framework examines the landscape of its enablers to facilitate smart warehouse adoption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on an extensive literature search, this study presents a novel three-phase framework that identifies 9 enablers and 36 sub-enablers under the Technology\u2013Organization\u2013Environment (TOE) framework through expert judgments. This study employs an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to evaluate these enablers. Furthermore, the robustness of the enabler ranking is assessed through a sensitivity analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings based on the TOE framework highlight the significance of technology type in determining its acceptance by 3PLs. Moreover, the study reveals that market orientation and infrastructure, supported by the supply chain network, can be significant enablers of 3PLs in smart warehousing. Additionally, addressing the\u00a0social environment of warehousing and adopting effective cost-management strategies can further enhance the effectiveness of smart warehousing for 3PLs in the future.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The framework proposed in this study is specifically tailored for emerging economies and may not directly apply to developed economies. It is crucial to note that while the enablers were identified through a comprehensive literature review and expert validation, there is a possibility that certain enablers may have been overlooked, which could be a potential area for future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To the best of the authors\u2019 knowledge, this study is among the first to examine 3PL providers from a smart warehouse perspective under the TOE framework. This research aims to assist decision-makers in comprehending the challenges and opportunities within various sub-enablers of TOE contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jeim-05-2023-0273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T03:53:26Z","timestamp":1747454006000},"page":"1089-1125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A framework of enablers of third-party logistics service providers (3PLs) for smart warehousing in emerging economy"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4911-5725","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sadia Samar","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdulaziz University Department of Industrial Engineering, , ,","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"New Delhi Institute of Management Department of Supply Chain Management, , ,","place":["New Delhi, India"]}]},{"given":"Rajbir","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Govt Girls College , ,","place":["Panchkula, India"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3543-9729","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shahbaz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tabuk Department of Industrial Engineering, , ,","place":["Tabuk, Saudi Arabia"]}]},{"given":"Cenap","family":"Ozel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University Department of Mathematics, , ,","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7742-5993","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aftab","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University Department of Mathematics, , ,","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120302505562100_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2014.05.009","article-title":"Third-party logistics selection problem: a literature review on criteria and methods","volume":"49","author":"Aguezzoul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Omega"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025120302505562100_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.3390\/math10081252","article-title":"Exploring the impact of Technology 4.0 driven practice on warehousing performance: a hybrid approach","volume":"10","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"issue":"14","key":"2025120302505562100_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2024.2372359","article-title":"A decision-making framework for determinants of an organisation\u2019s readiness for smart warehouse","volume":"35","author":"Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Production Planning and Control"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2025120302505562100_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-021-04454-w","article-title":"Evaluating sustainability initiatives in warehouse for measuring sustainability performance: an emerging economy perspective","volume":"324","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120302505562100_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10878-022-00977-5","article-title":"Smart logistics with IOT-based enterprise management system using global manufacturing","volume":"45","author":"Alsudani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Combinatorial Optimization"},{"key":"2025120302505562100_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-04435-9_11","article-title":"Logistics 4.0 for today and tomorrow: how to identify smart factory challenges and trends","author":"Azarias","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025120302505562100_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2017.08.138","article-title":"Challenges and benefits of deploying big data analytics in the cloud for business intelligence","volume":"112","author":"Balachandran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Procedia Computer Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025120302505562100_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1108\/bpmj-03-2019-0120","article-title":"Warehousing process performance improvement: a tailored framework for 3PL","volume":"26","author":"Baruffaldi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Business Process Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120302505562100_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-06-2019-0148","article-title":"What drives organizations to switch to cloud ERP systems? 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