{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T19:39:05Z","timestamp":1784230745342,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]],"date-time":"2015-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444608000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u2013 The purpose of this paper is to develop an extended model of technology acceptance to include behavioural beliefs (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use), subjective norms, management support (at institutional and governmental levels) to examine the academics\u2019 internet acceptance behaviour within the Pakistan and Turkish context. In addition to this, impact of cultural dimension individualism-collectivism (IC) is also examined on the basis of moderator construct.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u2013 Data were collected from 380 academics\u2019 using a cross-sectional survey. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling (partial least squares) in conjunction with multiple group analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u2013 The results revealed that proposed model achieved acceptable fit with the data (i.e.<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>2=39 per cent in intention) and most of the hypothesised relationships were supported. The results also revealed that culture showed a moderating effect on hypothetical relationships. Specifically, the effects of management support were stronger for the respondents having high on collectivist society (i.e. Pakistan).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u2013 The study is useful in non-western cultural contexts. Specifically, in contrast to previous studies, diversity of individuals\u2019 acceptance behaviour is examined in Turkey and Pakistan. Additionally, this study had examined moderating impact of cultural dimension (i.e. IC) over academic\u2019s behavioural intention to accept the internet technology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jeim-12-2014-0124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]],"date-time":"2015-10-09T04:20:20Z","timestamp":1444364420000},"page":"747-768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Impact of individualism and collectivism over the individual\u2019s technology acceptance behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Sharif","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Tarhini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Elyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farwa","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b1","unstructured":"Abbasi, M. , Shah, F. , Doudpota, S. , Channa, N. and Kandhro, S. (2013), \u201cTheories and models of technology acceptance behaviour: a critical review of literature\u201d, Sindh University Research Journal (SURJ), (e-Journal) , Vol. 45 No. 1, pp. 163-170."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b2","unstructured":"Abbasi, M.S. , Irani, Z. and Chandio, F.H. (2010), \u201cDeterminants of social and institutional beliefs about internet acceptance within developing country\u2019s context: a structural evaluation of higher education systems in Pakistan\u201d, EMCIS, Abu Dhabi."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abbasi, M.S. , Chandio, F.H. , Soomro, A.F. and Shah, F. (2011), \u201cSocial influence, voluntariness, experience and the internet acceptance: an extension of technology acceptance model within a South-Asian country context\u201d, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, (e-Journal) , Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 30-52.","DOI":"10.1108\/17410391111097410"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adams, D.A. , Nelson, R.R. and Todd, P.A. (1992), \u201cPerceived usefulness, ease of use, and usage of information technology \u2013 a replication\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 16 No. 2, pp. 227-247.","DOI":"10.2307\/249577"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agarwal, R. and Prasad, J. (1999), \u201cAre individual differences germane to the acceptance of new information technologies?\u201d, Decision Sciences , Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 361-391.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.1999.tb01614.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ajzen, I. (1991), \u201cThe theory of planned behavior\u201d, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , Vol. 50 No. 2, pp. 179-211.","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akhtar, S.M. , Kumar, V. , Kumar, U. and Dwivedi, Y. (2014), \u201cFactors affecting citizen adoption of transactional electronic government\u201d, Journal of Enterprise Information Management , Vol. 27 No. 4, pp. 385-401.","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-12-2012-0084"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Gahtani, S.S. (2014), \u201cEmpirical investigation of e-learning acceptance and assimilation: a structural equation model\u201d, Applied Computing and Informatics , (in press). doi: 10.1016\/j.aci.2014.09.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aci.2014.09.001"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alsajjan, B. and Dennis, C. (2010), \u201cInternet banking acceptance model: cross-market examination\u201d, Journal of Business Research , Vol. 63 Nos 9-10, pp. 957-963.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2008.12.014"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b10","unstructured":"Amato, S. , Vinzi, V.E. and Tenenhaus, M. (2004), \u201cA global goodness-of-fit index for PLS structural equation modeling\u201d, Oral Communication to PLS Club, HEC School of Management , Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 739-742."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson, J.C. and Gerbing, D.W. (1988), \u201cStructural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach\u201d, Psychological Bulletin , Vol. 103 No. 3, pp. 411-423.","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.103.3.411"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bagozzi, R.P. (2007), \u201cThe legacy of the technology acceptance model and a proposal for a paradigm shift\u201d, Journal of the Association for Information Systems , Vol. 8 No. 4, pp. 244-254.","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00122"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b13","unstructured":"Bontempo, R.N. and Rivero, J.C. (1990), \u201cCultural variation in cognition: the role of self-concept in the attitude behavior link\u201d, paper presented at Academy of Management Meeting, August, Las Vegas, Nevada."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burton-Jones, A. and Hubona, G.S. (2006), \u201cThe mediation of external variables in the technology acceptance model\u201d, Information & Management , Vol. 43 No. 6, pp. 706-717.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2006.03.007"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakrabarti, A.K. (1974), \u201cThe role of champion in product innovation\u201d, California Management Review , Vol. 17 No. 2, pp. 58-62.","DOI":"10.2307\/41164561"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandio, F.H. , Abbasi, M.S. , Nizamani, H.A. and Nizamani, Q.U.A. (2013a), \u201cOnline banking information systems acceptance: a structural equation modelling analysis\u201d, International Journal of Business Information Systems, (e-Journal) , Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 177-193.","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBIS.2013.052050"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandio, F.H. , Irani, Z. , Abbasi, M.S. and Nizamani, H.A. (2013b), \u201cAcceptance of online banking information systems: an empirical case in a developing economy\u201d, Behaviour & Information Technology, (e-Journal) , Vol. 32 No. 7, pp. 668-680.","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2013.806593"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b17","unstructured":"Chin, W.W. (1998), \u201cThe partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling\u201d, in Marcoulides, G.A. (Ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research , Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, London, pp. 295-336."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b18","unstructured":"Chin, W.W. (2002), Partial Least Squares For Researchers: An Overview and Presentation of Recent Advances Using the PLS Approach , ICIS 2000 Proceedings, paper 88, Brisbane, 10-13 December 2000, available at: www.bauer.uh.edu\/plsgraph\/plstalk.pdf (accessed 3 March 2011)."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, J. and Geistfeld, L.V. (2004), \u201cA cross-cultural investigation of consumer e-shopping adoption\u201d, Journal of Economic Psychology , Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 821-838.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joep.2003.08.006"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b74","unstructured":"Christian, M.R. , Wende, S. and Alexander, W. (2005), SmartPLS , University of Hamburg, Hamburg."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cronbach, L.J. (1951), \u201cCoefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests\u201d, Psychometrika , Vol. 16 No. 3, pp. 297-334.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02310555"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b21","unstructured":"Davis, F. (1986), Technology Acceptance Model for Empirically Testing New End-User Information Systems: Theory and Results , Massachussetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davis, F. (1989), \u201cPerceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 13 No. 3, pp. 319-339.","DOI":"10.2307\/249008"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davis, F. , Bagozzi, R. and Warshaw, P. (1989), \u201cUser acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models\u201d, Management Science , Vol. 35 No. 8, pp. 982-1003.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.8.982"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davis, F.D. , Bagozzi, R.P. and Warshaw, P.R. (1992), \u201cExtrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in the workplace\u201d, Journal of Applied Social Psychology , Vol. 22 No. 14, pp. 1111-1132.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b25","unstructured":"DeLone, W.H. (1988), \u201cDeterminants of success for computer usage in small business\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 50."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dinev, T. , Goo, J. , Hu, Q. and Nam, K. (2009), \u201cUser behaviour towards protective information technologies: the role of national cultural differences\u201d, Information Systems Journal , Vol. 19 No. 4, pp. 391-412.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2575.2007.00289.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b27","unstructured":"Dorfman, W.P. and Howell, P.J. (1988), \u201cDimensions of national culture and effective leadership patterns: Hofstede revised\u201d, Advances in International Comparative Management , Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 127-150."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Haddadeh, R. , Weerakkody, V. and Peng, J. (2012), \u201cSocial networking services adoption in corporate communication: the case of China\u201d, Journal of Enterprise Information Management , Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 559-575.","DOI":"10.1108\/17410391211272838"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ezzi, S.W. (2014), \u201cA theoretical model for internet banking: beyond perceived usefulness and ease of use\u201d, Archives of Business Research , Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 31-46.","DOI":"10.14738\/abr.22.184"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b30","unstructured":"Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (1975), Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research , Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ford, D.P. , Connelly, C.E. and Meister, D.B. (2003), \u201cInformation systems research and Hofstede\u2019s culture\u2019s consequences: an uneasy and incomplete partnership\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management , Vol. 50 No. 1, pp. 8-25.","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2002.808265"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fornell, C. and Larcker, D.F. (1981), \u201cEvaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error\u201d, Journal of Marketing Research , Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 39-50.","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gangwar, H. , Date, H. and Raoot, A.D. (2014), \u201cReview on IT adoption: insights from recent technologies\u201d, Journal of Enterprise Information Management , Vol. 27 No. 4, pp. 488-502.","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-08-2012-0047"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gangwar, H. , Date, H. , Ramaswamy, R. and Irani, Z. (2015), \u201cUnderstanding determinants of cloud computing adoption using an integrated TAM-TOE model\u201d, Journal of Enterprise Information Management , Vol. 28 No. 1, pp. 107-130.","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-08-2013-0065"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gefen, D. and Straub, D. (2000), \u201cThe relative importance of perceived ease of use in is adoption: a study of e-commerce adoption\u201d, Journal of the Association for Information Systems , Vol. 1 No. 8, pp. 1-30.","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00008"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geisser, S. (1975), \u201cA predictive approach to the random effect model\u201d, Biometrika , Vol. 61 No. 1, pp. 101-107.","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/61.1.101"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b37","unstructured":"Hair, J.F. Jr , Black William, C. , Babin Barry, J. , Anderson Rolph, E. and Tatham Ronald, L. (2010), Multivariate Data Analysis , 6th ed., Pearson Prentice Hall, Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b38","unstructured":"Hall, E.T. (1989), Beyond Culture , Anchor Books Editions, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hartwick, J. and Barki, H. (1994), \u201cExplaining the role of user participation in information system use\u201d, Management Science , Vol. 40 No. 4, pp. 440-465.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.40.4.440"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helm, S. , Eggert, A. and Garnefeld, I. (2010), \u201cModeling the impact of corporate reputation on customer satisfaction and loyalty using partial least squares\u201d, in Vinzi, V.E. , Chin, W.W. , Henseler, J. and Wang, H. (Eds), Handbook of Partial Least Squares, Concepts, Methods, and Applications , Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, pp. 515-534.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-32827-8_23"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henseler, J. , Christian, M.R. and Sinkovics, R.R. (2009), \u201cThe use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing\u201d, New Challenges to International Marketing Advances in International Marketing , Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 277-319.","DOI":"10.1108\/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b42","unstructured":"Hofstede, G. (1980), Culture\u2019s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values , Sage, Beverly Hills, CA."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b43","unstructured":"Hofstede, G. and Hofstede, J. (2005), Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind , 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, P.J. , Clark, T.H.K. and Ma, W.W. (2003), \u201cExamining technology acceptance by school teachers: a longitudinal study\u201d, Information & Management , Vol. 41 No. 2, pp. 227-241.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(03)00050-8"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Igbaria, M. (1994), \u201cAn examination of the factors contributing to microcomputer technology acceptance\u201d, Accounting, Management and Information Technologies , Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 205-224.","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8022(94)90023-X"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Igbaria, M. , Zinatelli, N. , Cragg, P. and Cavaye, A.L.M. (1997), \u201cPersonal computing acceptance factors in small firms: a structural equation model\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 21 No. 3, pp. 279-305.","DOI":"10.2307\/249498"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaba, B. and Osei-Bryson, K. (2013), \u201cExamining influence of national culture on individuals\u2019 attitude and use of information and communication technology: assessment of moderating effect of culture through cross countries study\u201d, International Journal of Information Management, (e-Journal) , Vol. 33 No. 3, pp. 441-452.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2013.01.010"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kapoor, K. , Dwivedi, Y.C. , Piercy, N. , Lal, B. and Weerakkody, V. (2014), \u201cRFID integrated systems in libraries: extending TAM model for empirically examining the use\u201d, Journal of Enterprise Information Management , Vol. 27 No. 6, pp. 731-758.","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-10-2013-0079"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b50","unstructured":"Karahanna, E. , Evaristo, R. and Srite, M. (2005), \u201cLevels of culture and individual behavior: an integrative perspective\u201d, Journal of Global Information Managment , Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 30-50."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keil, M. , Tan, B.C.Y. , Wei, K.-K. , Saarinen, T. , Tuuainen, V. and Wassenaar, A. (2000), \u201cA cross-cultural study on escalation of commitment behavior in software projects\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 299-325.","DOI":"10.2307\/3250940"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Landauer, T.K. (1995), The Trouble With Computers: Usefulness, Usability, and Productivity , MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6918.001.0001"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, S. , Trimi, S. and Kim, C. (2013), \u201cThe impact of cultural differences on technology adoption\u201d, Journal of World Business , Vol. 48 No. 1, pp. 20-29.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwb.2012.06.003"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b54","unstructured":"Leonard-Barton, D. (1987), \u201cThe case for integrative innovation an expert system at digital\u201d, MIT Sloan Management Review , Vol. 29 No. 1, pp. 7-22."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leonard-Barton, D. and Deschamps, I. (1988), \u201cManagerial influence in the implementation of new technology\u201d, Management Science , Vol. 34 No. 10, pp. 1252-1265.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.34.10.1252"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis, W. , Agarwal, R. and Sambamurthy, V. (2003), \u201cSources of influence on beliefs about information technology use: an empirical study of knowledge workers\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 27 No. 4, pp. 657-678.","DOI":"10.2307\/30036552"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, X. , Hess, T.J. , McNab, A.L. and Yu, Y. (2009), \u201cCulture and acceptance of global web sites: a cross-country study of the effects of national cultural values on acceptance of a personal web portal\u201d, ACM SIGMIS Database , Vol. 40 No. 4, pp. 49-74.","DOI":"10.1145\/1644953.1644959"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, H. (2007), \u201cPredicting consumer intentions to shop online: an empirical test of competing theories\u201d, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications , Vol. 6 No. 4, pp. 433-442.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2007.02.002"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindell, M.K. and Whitney, D.J. (2001), \u201cAccounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs\u201d, Journal of Applied Psychology , Vol. 86 No. 1, pp. 114-121.","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.86.1.114"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b60","unstructured":"McCoy, S. (2002), \u201cThe effect of national culture dimensions on the acceptance of information technology: a trait based approach\u201d, doctoral dissertation edn., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCoy, S. , Everard, A. and Jones, B. (2005), \u201cAn examination of the technology acceptance model in Uruguay and the USA: a focus on culture\u201d, Journal of Global Information Technology , Vol. 8 No. 1, pp. 27-45.","DOI":"10.1080\/1097198X.2005.10856395"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCoy, S. , Galletta, D.F. and King, W. (2007), \u201cApplying TAM across cultures: the need for caution\u201d, European Journal of Information Systems , Vol. 16 No. 10, pp. 81-90.","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000659"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathieson, K. (1991), \u201cPredicting user intentions: comparing the technology acceptance model with the theory of planned behavior\u201d, Information Systems Research , Vol. 2 No. 3, pp. 173-191.","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2.3.173"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morris, M.G. , Venkatesh, V. and Ackerman, P.L. (2005), \u201cGender and age differences in employee decisions about new technology: an extension to the theory of planned behavior\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management , Vol. 52 No. 1, pp. 69-84.","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2004.839967"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nistor, N. , Lerche, T. , Weinberger, A. , Ceobanu, C. and Heymann, O. (2014), \u201cTowards the integration of culture into the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology\u201d, British Journal of Educational Technology, (e-Journal) , Vol. 45 No. 1, pp. 36-55.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8535.2012.01383.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oh, S. , Ahn, J. and Kim, B. (2003), \u201cAdoption of broadband internet in Korea: the role of experience in building attitudes\u201d, J Inf Technol , Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 267-280.","DOI":"10.1080\/0268396032000150807"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orlikowski, W.J. (1992), \u201cThe duality of technology: rethinking the concept of technology in organizations\u201d, Organization Science , Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 398-427.","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.3.3.398"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parboteeah, K.P. , Bronson, W.J. and Cullen, B.J. (2005), \u201cDoes national culture affect willingness to justify ethically suspect behaviors? A focus on the GLOBE national culture scheme\u201d, International Journal of Cross Cultural Management , Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 123-138.","DOI":"10.1177\/1470595805054489"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b69","unstructured":"Park, S.Y. (2009), \u201cAn analysis of the technology acceptance model in understanding university students\u2019 behavioral intention to use e-learning\u201d, Educational Technology & Society , Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 150-162."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, S.Y. , Nam, M.W. and Cha, S.B. (2012), \u201cUniversity students\u2019 behavioral intention to use mobile learning: evaluating the technology acceptance model\u201d, British Journal of Educational Technology , Vol. 43 No. 4, pp. 592-605.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8535.2011.01229.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b71","unstructured":"Pavlou, P.A. and Chai, L. (2002), \u201cWhat drives electronic commerce across cultures? A cross-cultural empirical investigation of the theory of planned behaviour\u201d, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research , Vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 240-253."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Podsakoff, P.M. , MacKenzie, S.B. , Lee, J. and Podsakoff, N.P. (2003), \u201cCommon method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies\u201d, Journal of Applied Psychology , Vol. 88 No. 5, pp. 879-903.","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rauniar, R. , Rawski, G. , Yang, J. and Johnson, B. (2014), \u201cTechnology acceptance model (TAM) and social media usage: an empirical study on facebook\u201d, Journal of Enterprise Information Management , Vol. 27 No. 1, pp. 6-30.","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-04-2012-0011"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b75","unstructured":"Rogers, E.M. (1995), Diffusion of Innovations , 4th ed., The Free Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Franco, M.J. , Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez, F.J. and Mart\u00edn-Velicia, F.A. (2009), \u201cExploring the impact of individualism and uncertainty avoidance in web-based electronic learning: an empirical analysis in European higher education\u201d, Computers & Education , Vol. 52 No. 3, pp. 588-598.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2008.11.006"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b77","unstructured":"Sharma, S.K. and Chandel, J.K. (2013), \u201cTechnology acceptance model for the use of learning through websites among students in Oman\u201d, International Arab Journal of ETechnology , Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 44-49."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, S.K. and Govindaluri, S.M. (2014), \u201cInternet banking adoption in India: structural equation modeling approach\u201d, Journal of Indian Business Research , Vol. 6 No. 2, pp. 155-169.","DOI":"10.1108\/JIBR-02-2013-0013"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shih, Y. and Fang, K. (2004), \u201cThe use of a decomposed theory of planned behavior to study internet banking in Taiwan\u201d, Internet Research , Vol. 14 No. 3, pp. 213-223.","DOI":"10.1108\/10662240410542643"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srite, M. (2006), \u201cCulture as an explanation of technology acceptance differences: an empirical investigation of Chinese and US users\u201d, Australasian Journal of Information Systems , Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 5-25.","DOI":"10.3127\/ajis.v14i1.4"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srite, M. and Karahanna, E. (2006), \u201cThe role of espoused national cultural values in technology acceptance\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 30 No. 3, pp. 679-704.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148745"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stone, M. (1974), \u201cCross-validatory choice and assessment of statistical predictions\u201d, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society , Vol. 36 No. 2, pp. 111-147.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1974.tb00994.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Straub, D. , Loch, K. , Evaristo, R. , Karahanna, E. and Srite, M. (2002), \u201cToward a theory-based measurement of culture\u201d, Journal of Global Information Management , Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 13-23.","DOI":"10.4018\/jgim.2002010102"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Straub, D.W. , Keil, M. and Brennan, W. (1997), \u201cTesting the technology acceptance model across cultures: a three country study\u201d, Information & Management , Vol. 33 No. 1, pp. 1-11.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7206(97)00026-8"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b85","unstructured":"\u0160umak, B. , Heri\u010dko, M. , Pu\u0161nik, M. and Polan\u010di\u010d, G. (2011), \u201cFactors affecting acceptance and use of moodle: an empirical study based on TAM\u201d, Informatica , Vol. 35 No. 1, pp. 91-100."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tarhini, A. , Hone, K. and Liu, X. (2013), \u201cUser acceptance towards web-based learning systems: investigating the role of social, organizational and individual factors in european higher education\u201d, Procedia Computer Science, (e-Journal) , Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 189-197.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2013.05.026"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tarhini, A. , Hone, K. and Liu, X. (2014a), \u201cA cross-cultural examination of the impact of social, organisational and individual factors on educational technology acceptance between British and Lebanese university students\u201d, British Journal of Educational Technology, (e-Journal) , Vol. 46 No. 4, pp. 739-755.","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12169"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tarhini, A. , Hone, K. and Liu, X. (2014b), \u201cThe effects of individual differences on e-learning users\u2019 behaviour in developing countries: a structural equation model\u201d, Computers in Human Behavior, (e-Journal) , Vol. 41 No. 1, pp. 153-163.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.09.020"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor, S. and Todd, P.A. (1995a), \u201cUnderstanding information technology usage: a test of competing models\u201d, Information Systems Research , Vol. 6 No. 2, pp. 144-176.","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.6.2.144"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor, S. and Todd, P.A. (1995b), \u201cAssessing IT usage: the role of prior experience\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 19 No. 4, pp. 561-570.","DOI":"10.2307\/249633"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tenenhaus, M. , Esposito Vinzi, V.E. , Chatelin, Y.M. and Lauro, C. (2005), \u201cPLS path modeling\u201d, Computational Statistics & Data Analysis , Vol. 48 No. 1, pp. 159-205.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csda.2004.03.005"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teo, T. (2010), \u201cA path analysis of pre-service teachers\u2019 attitudes to computer use: applying and extending the technology acceptance model in an educational context\u201d, Interactive Learning Environments , Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 65-79.","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820802231327"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b93","unstructured":"Teo, T. (2014), \u201cModelling facebook usage among university students in Thailand: the role of emotional attachment in an extended technology acceptance model\u201d, Interactive Learning Environments , Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 1-13."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b94","unstructured":"Teo, T. , Kabak\u00e7\u0131 Yurdakul, I. and Ursava\u015f, \u00d6.F. (2014), \u201cExploring the digital natives among pre-service teachers in Turkey: a cross-cultural validation of the digital native assessment scale\u201d, Interactive Learning Environments , Vol. 22 No. 5, pp. 1-14."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson, R.L. , Higgins, C.A. and Howell, J.M. (1991), \u201cPersonal computing: toward a conceptual model of utilization\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 125-142.","DOI":"10.2307\/249443"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b96","unstructured":"Trompenaars, F. and Hampden-Turner, C. (1998), Riding the Waves of Culture , MacGraw-Hill, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Udo, G.J. , Bagchi, K.K. and Kirs, P.J. (2012), \u201cExploring the role of espoused values on e-service adoption: a comparative analysis of the US and Nigerian users\u201d, Computers in Human Behavior , Vol. 28 No. 5, pp. 1768-1781.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2012.04.017"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. and Bala, H. (2008), \u201cTechnology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions\u201d, Decision Sciences , Vol. 39 No. 2, pp. 273-315.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. and Davis, F.D. (1996), \u201cA model of the antecedents of perceived ease of use: development and test\u201d, Decision Sciences , Vol. 27 No. 3, pp. 451-481.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.1996.tb01822.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. and Davis, F.D. (2000), \u201cA theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: four longitudinal field studies\u201d, Management Science , Vol. 46 No. 2, pp. 186-204.","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.2.186.11926"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. and Morris, M.G. (2000), \u201cWhy don\u2019t men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 115-139.","DOI":"10.2307\/3250981"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. , Morris, M.G. and Ackerman, P.L. (2000), \u201cA longitudinal field investigation of gender differences in individual technology adoption decision-making processes\u201d, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , Vol. 83 No. 1, pp. 33-60.","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.2000.2896"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. , Morris, M.G. , Ackerman, P. and Sykes, T. (2004), \u201cIndividual reaction to new technologies in the workplace: the role of gender as a psychological construct\u201d, Journal of Applied Social Psychology , Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 445-467.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02556.x"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. , Morris, M.G. , Davis, G.B. and Davis, F.D. (2003), \u201cUser acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 27 No. 3, pp. 425-478.","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, E.S. (2014), \u201cPerceived control and gender difference on the relationship between trialability and intent to play new online games\u201d, Computers in Human Behavior , Vol. 30 No. 1, pp. 315-320.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.09.016"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b106","unstructured":"Westland, J.C. and Clark, T. (2000), Global Electronic Commerce: Theory and Case Studies , MIT Press Books, Boston, MA."},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, J. , Wang, S. and Lin, L. (2007), \u201cMobile computing acceptance factors in the healthcare industry: a structural equation model\u201d, International Journal of Medical Informatics , Vol. 76 No. 1, pp. 66-77.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2006.06.006"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, C. (2009), \u201cThe effects of national culture values on consumer acceptance of e-commerce: online shoppers in China\u201d, Information & Management , Vol. 46 No. 5, pp. 294-301.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2009.06.001"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_b109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, Y. , Guimaraes, T. and O\u2019Neal, Q. (1995), \u201cExploring the factors associated with expert systems success\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 19 No. 1, pp. 83-106.","DOI":"10.2307\/249712"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_frd1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gefen, D. and Straub, D.W. (1997), \u201cGender differences in the perception and use of e-mail: an extension to the technology acceptance model\u201d, MIS Quarterly , Vol. 21 No. 4, pp. 389-400.","DOI":"10.2307\/249720"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_frd2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarvenpaa, S.L. and Leidner, D.E. (1999), \u201cCommunication and trust in global virtual teams\u201d, Organization Science , Vol. 10 No. 6, pp. 791-815.","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.10.6.791"},{"key":"key2020122022160520600_frd3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. (2000), \u201cDeterminants of perceived ease of use: integrating control, intrinsic motivation, and emotion into the technology acceptance model\u201d, Information Systems Research , Vol. 11 No. 4, pp. 342-365.","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.11.4.342.11872"}],"container-title":["Journal of Enterprise Information Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/JEIM-12-2014-0124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JEIM-12-2014-0124\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JEIM-12-2014-0124\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:32:25Z","timestamp":1753396345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jeim\/article\/28\/6\/747-768\/195363"}},"subtitle":["A multi-group analysis between Pakistan and Turkey"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]]},"references-count":112,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/JEIM-12-2014-0124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jeim-12-2014-0124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-0398"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-0398","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]]}}}