{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T22:04:55Z","timestamp":1771884295685,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JICES"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study aims to address the existing knowledge gap by investigating teachers\u2019 adoption of ChatGPT for educational purposes. The study specifically focuses on identifying the factors that motivate and inhibit teachers in adoption of ChatGPT in higher education institutions (HEIs).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This research has used interpretative phenomenological analysis \u2013 a qualitative approach. Through in-depth interviews among the teachers, data was collected to identify the motivating and inhibiting factors that impacted teachers\u2019 willingness to adopt ChatGPT. The data was collected from 48 teachers working across HEIs of Uttarakhand region in India.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The analysis revealed seven themes under motivating factors that encourage teachers to adopt ChatGPT for their educational purposes. These include time factor, tool for competitive edge, learning enhancement tool for students, research facilitator, benefits in educational settings, troubleshooter and easy to use. On the other hand, inhibiting factors comprise five themes, which include technical difficulties, limited features for educational and research purposes, tool for handicapping innovation and creativity, lack of personal touch and ethical considerations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The findings will be valuable for HEIs in establishing policies that promote the appropriate and effective use of ChatGPT. Moreover, the study provides recommendations to ChatGPT solution providers for improving ChatGPT services for effective adoption of ChatGPT among teachers and implementation at HEIs. Further, it contributes to the body of literature by filling a knowledge gap about teacher adoption of ChatGPT in the HEIs. Through qualitative research, the study has pinpointed specific motivating and inhibiting factors that affect teacher adoption of ChatGPT.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Unlike previous studies that primarily explored the potential advantages and drawbacks of ChatGPT in education, this research study delves deeper into the topic. It makes a substantial contribution to our understanding of ChatGPT adoption among teachers by identifying distinct factors that either motivate or inhibit teachers from adopting ChatGPT for job related purposes. The study provides novel insights that were previously mislaid, thereby introducing a fresh perspective to the existing literature<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jices-11-2023-0139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T02:46:47Z","timestamp":1714186007000},"page":"219-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The ChatGPT dilemma: unravelling teachers\u2019 perspectives on inhibiting and motivating factors for adoption of ChatGPT"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Preeti","family":"Bhaskar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shikha","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6165","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-11367-z","article-title":"Investigating science teachers\u2019 intention to adopt virtual reality through the integration of diffusion of innovation theory and theory of planned behaviour: the moderating role of perceived skills readiness","volume":"28","year":"2023","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.7575\/aiac.ijels.v.5n.2p.9","article-title":"The interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA): a guide to a good qualitative research approach","volume":"5","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.56540\/jesaf.v2i1.51","article-title":"Impact of ChatGPT on learning motivation: teachers and students\u2019 voices","volume":"2","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of English Studies in Arabia Felix"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JRIT-09-2023-0129","article-title":"Exploring the factors affecting the adoption of AI techniques in higher education: insights from teachers\u2019 perspectives on ChatGPT","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching and Learning"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alshater, M. (2022), \u201cExploring the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing academic performance: a case study of ChatGPT (December 26, 2022)\u201d, available at: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=4312358 or doi: 10.2139\/ssrn.4312358","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4312358"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181052","DOI":"10.1080\/10872981.2023.2181052","article-title":"The future of medical education and research: is ChatGPT a blessing or blight in disguise?","volume":"28","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medical Education Online"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref007","unstructured":"Atlas, S. (2023), \u201cChatGPT for higher education and professional development: a guide to conversational AI\u201d, available at: https:\/\/digitalcommons.uri.edu\/cba_facpubs\/548 (accessed on 24 June 2023)."},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref0800","first-page":"16100","article-title":"Can chatGPT replace the role of the teacher in the classroom: a fundamental analysis","volume":"5","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal on Education"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref008","article-title":"Education in the era of generative artificial intelligence (AI): understanding the potential benefits of ChatGPT in promoting teaching and learning","year":"2023"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ITSE-08-2023-0169","article-title":"Delving into educators\u2019 perspectives on ChatGPT in management education: a qualitative exploration","year":"2024","journal-title":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1504\/IJLC.2023.133110","article-title":"Inhibiting factors influencing adoption of simulation-based teaching from management teacher\u2019s perspective: prioritisation using analytic hierarchy process","volume":"15","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Learning and Change"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27526461231215083","DOI":"10.1177\/27526461231215083","article-title":"To use or not to use ChatGPT and assistive artificial intelligence tools in higher education institutions? The modern-day conundrum\u2013students\u2019 and faculty\u2019s perspectives","year":"2023","journal-title":"Equity in Education and Society"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref012","article-title":"Role of ChatGPT in education","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1177\/1468794107085301","article-title":"Naturalistic inquiry and the saturation concept: a research note","volume":"8","year":"2008","journal-title":"Qualitative Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/14768320500230185","article-title":"A critical evaluation of the use of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) in health psychology","volume":"21","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychology and Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(90)90256-R","article-title":"Discovering chronic illness: using grounded theory","volume":"30","year":"1990","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105600","article-title":"Understanding online grooming: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of adolescents\u2019 offline meetings with adult perpetrators","volume":"128","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref01800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1080\/03055698.2020.1850426","article-title":"Teachers\u2019 attitudes towards chatbots in education: a technology acceptance model approach considering the effect of social language, bot proactiveness, and users\u2019 characteristics","volume":"49","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educational Studies"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref017","volume-title":"Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design Choosing among Five Approaches","year":"2013","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref018","article-title":"Responsible AI: gender bias assessment in emotion recognition","year":"2021"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.frl.2023.103662","article-title":"ChatGPT for (finance) research: the bananarama conjecture","volume":"53","year":"2023","journal-title":"Finance Research Letters"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref02300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642","article-title":"So what if ChatGPT wrote it?\u201d Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy","volume":"71","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-012-0016-6","article-title":"Sample size policy for qualitative studies using in-depth interviews","volume":"41","year":"2012","journal-title":"Archives of Sexual Behavior"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12811","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-11148-8","article-title":"Using rogers\u2019 diffusion of innovation theory to conceptualize the mobile-learning adoption process in teacher education in the COVID-19 era","volume":"27","year":"2022","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166682","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2023.1166682","article-title":"Exploring the opportunities and challenges of NLP models in higher education: is ChatGPT a blessing or a curse?","volume":"8","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref023","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploring EFL university teachers\u2019 beliefs in integrating ChatGPT and other large language models in language education: a study in China","volume":"44","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref024","first-page":"9","article-title":"A review of ChatGPT AI\u2019s impact on several business sectors","volume":"1","year":"2023","journal-title":"Partners Universal International Innovation Journal"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref025","volume-title":"Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","article-title":"ChatGPT is not all you need. A state of the art review of large generative AI models","year":"2023","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2301.04655"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9725","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-10951-7","article-title":"Educational technology adoption: a systematic review","volume":"27","year":"2022","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref028","article-title":"How close is ChatGPT to human experts? Comparison corpus, evaluation, and detection","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1504\/IJLC.2023.127719","article-title":"Teachers\u2019 intention to adopt virtual reality technology in management education","volume":"15","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Learning and Change"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbench.2023.100089","article-title":"An era of ChatGPT as a significant futuristic support tool: a study on features, abilities, and challenges","volume":"2","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bench Council Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref03500","article-title":"\u2018I think this is the most disruptive technology\u2019: exploring sentiments of ChatGPT early adopters using Twitter data","year":"2022"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref031","article-title":"Unlocking the potential of ChatGPT: a comprehensive exploration of its applications, advantages, limitations, and future directions in natural language processing","year":"2023"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref032","article-title":"An exploratory survey about using ChatGPT in education, healthcare, and research","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref033","first-page":"1148","article-title":"The role of ChatGPT in scientific communication: writing better scientific review articles","volume":"13","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Cancer Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref03800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.46568\/gjmas.v3i4.163","article-title":"Exploring teachers\u2019 attitudes towards using chatgpt","volume":"3","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Journal for Management and Administrative Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1108\/QROM-09-2020-2024","article-title":"Combining interpretative phenomenological analysis and existential hermeneutic phenomenology to reveal critical moments of managerial lived experience: a methodological guide","volume":"17","year":"2022","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1108\/ITSE-06-2020-0087","article-title":"Impact of coronavirus pandemic on the Indian education sector: perspectives of teachers on online teaching and assessments","volume":"18","year":"2021","journal-title":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref036","article-title":"Study and analysis of ChatGPT and its impact on different fields of study","volume":"8","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref037","first-page":"313","article-title":"Generative AI and teachers\u2019 perspectives on its implementation in education","volume":"34","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Learning Research"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref038","unstructured":"Key, I.D. (2019), \u201cUnderstanding the lived experience of faculty that integrate instructional technologies into their teaching: an interpretative phenomenological analysis\u201d, Doctoral dissertation, Northeastern University."},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref039","first-page":"37","article-title":"Factors influencing Turkish preservice teachers\u2019 intentions to use educational technologies and mediating role of risk perceptions","volume":"24","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Technology and Teacher Education"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13101056","article-title":"ChatGPT\u2014a challenging tool for the university professors in their teaching practice","volume":"13","year":"2023","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref04600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e230171","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.230171","article-title":"ChatGPT is shaping the future of medical writing but still requires human judgment","volume":"307","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref041","article-title":"Summary of ChatGPT\/GPT-4 research and perspective towards the future of large language models","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref04800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13040410","article-title":"What is the impact of ChatGPT on education? A rapid review of the literature","volume":"13","year":"2023","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1108\/LHTN-01-2023-0009","article-title":"Chatting about ChatGPT: how may AI and GPT impact academia and libraries?","volume":"40","year":"2023","journal-title":"Library Hi Tech News"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref043","article-title":"Can ChatGPT draft a research article? An example of population-level vaccine effectiveness analysis","volume":"13","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Global Health"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref044","article-title":"Adoption of educational fourth industrial revolution tools pre and Post-COVID-19 and the emergence of ChatGPT","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref045","first-page":"159","article-title":"An exploration of lesbian and gay people\u2019s experiences of religion, and their implications for psychotherapy: an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)","volume":"25","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychotherapy and Counselling"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.2307\/1174243","article-title":"Drawing valid meaning from qualitative data: toward a shared craft","volume":"13","year":"1984","journal-title":"Educational Researcher"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-10887-y","article-title":"Examining the influence of pre-service teachers\u2019 digital native traits on their technology acceptance: a Serbian perspective","volume":"27","year":"2022","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref048","first-page":"8","article-title":"ChatGPT: revolutionizing communication or threatening authenticity?","volume":"23","year":"2023","journal-title":"Management Dynamics"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref05300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/21532974.2023.2247480","article-title":"TPACK in the age of ChatGPT and generative AI","volume":"39","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref049","first-page":"302228221085467","article-title":"Exploring the impact and lived experiences of hospice staff working in end-of-Life care: an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)","year":"2022","journal-title":"OMEGA \u2013 Journal of Death and Dying"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref05800","volume-title":"Phenomenological Research Methods","year":"1994"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12833","article-title":"Exploring individuals\u2019 experiences of hope in mental health recovery: an interpretative phenomenological analysis","volume":"30","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref051","article-title":"We need to talk about ChatGPT: the future of AI and higher education","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.54855\/ijli.23231","article-title":"EFL teachers\u2019 perspectives toward the use of ChatGPT in writing classes: a case study at Van Lang University","volume":"2","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Language Instruction"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/1473325002001003636","article-title":"Two decades of developments in qualitative inquiry: a personal, experiential perspective","volume":"1","year":"2002","journal-title":"Qualitative Social Work"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.18662\/brain\/13.1\/297","article-title":"A preliminary investigation of the technology acceptance model (TAM) in early childhood education and care","volume":"13","year":"2022","journal-title":"BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X02239569","article-title":"Techniques to identify themes","volume":"15","year":"2003","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2018.1433547","article-title":"Teachers\u2019 intention to use educational video games: the moderating role of gender and age","volume":"56","year":"2019","journal-title":"Innovations in Education and Teaching International"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref07300","article-title":"Let's have A chat! a conversation with ChatGPT: technology, applications, and limitations","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref057","first-page":"115","article-title":"ESL teachers\u2019 perceptions about ChatGPT as a threat to analytical writing abilities of ESL learners at graduate level","volume":"8","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pakistan Languages and Humanities Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref058","first-page":"46","article-title":"ChatGPT\u2013a technological remedy or challenge for education system","volume":"14","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Journal of Enterprise Information System"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref059","first-page":"1405","article-title":"Modeling factors affecting online learning adoption: mediating role of attitude","volume":"35","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2010.510659","article-title":"Evaluating the contribution of interpretative phenomenological analysis","volume":"5","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Psychology Review"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref07100","first-page":"53","article-title":"Interpretative phenomenological analysis","volume-title":"Qualitative Psychology: A Practical Guide to Research Methods","year":"2008"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref061","volume-title":"Essentials of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis","year":"2022"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref062","volume-title":"Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: theory, Method and Research","year":"2009"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102700","article-title":"The ethics of ChatGPT\u2013exploring the ethical issues of an emerging technology","volume":"74","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref064","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comprehensive examination of the potential application of ChatGPT in higher education institutions","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2015.1122635","article-title":"Examining the moderating effect of individual-level cultural values on users\u2019 acceptance of E-learning in developing countries: a structural equation modeling of an extended technology acceptance model","volume":"25","year":"2017","journal-title":"Interactive Learning Environments"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref066","unstructured":"The New York Times Report (2023), \u201cWhat students are saying about ChatGPT\u201d, available at: www.nytimes.com\/2023\/02\/02\/learning\/students-chatgpt.html (accessed on 1 July 2023)."},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-023-00237-x","article-title":"What if the devil is my guardian angel: ChatGPT as a case study of using chatbots in education","volume":"10","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Learning Environments"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800410383121","article-title":"Qualitative quality: eight \u2018big-tent\u2019 criteria for excellent qualitative research","volume":"16","year":"2010","journal-title":"Qualitative Inquiry"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref069","first-page":"1","article-title":"Editorial: ChatGPT: challenges, opportunities, and implications for teacher education","volume":"23","year":"2023","journal-title":"Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ece.2023.05.001","article-title":"Exploring the use of large language models (LLMs) in chemical engineering education: building core course problem models with Chat-GPT","volume":"44","year":"2023","journal-title":"Education for Chemical Engineers"},{"issue":"7947","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-023-00288-7","article-title":"ChatGPT: five priorities for research","volume":"614","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref072","unstructured":"Varwandkar, A. (2023), \u201cIs ChatGPT the end of thinking skills?\u201d, available at: https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/blogs\/the-next-step\/is-chat-gpt-the-end-of-thinking-skills\/ (accessed on 30 June 2023)."},{"issue":"7","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2286","DOI":"10.29333\/ejmste\/13272","article-title":"ChatGPT: a revolutionary tool for teaching and learning mathematics","volume":"19","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.3390\/math10071008","article-title":"Applying the UTAUT model to understand factors affecting micro-lecture usage by mathematics teachers in China","volume":"10","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024061706452644900_ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/08870440008400302","article-title":"Dilemmas in qualitative health research","volume":"15","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychology and Health"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref076","first-page":"257","article-title":"Demonstrating validity in qualitative psychology","volume":"3","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qualitative Psychology: A Practical Guide to Research Methods"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref077","first-page":"2156","article-title":"Reflection on whether ChatGPT should be banned by academia from the perspective of education and teaching","volume":"14","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183162","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2023.1183162","article-title":"Generative artificial intelligence empowers educational reform: current status, issues, and prospects","volume":"8","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Education"},{"key":"key2024061706452644900_ref079","volume-title":"Diffusion of Innovations","year":"2003","edition":"5th ed"}],"container-title":["Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JICES-11-2023-0139\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JICES-11-2023-0139\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:38:56Z","timestamp":1753393136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jices\/article\/22\/2\/219-239\/1237261"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/JICES-11-2023-0139"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jices-11-2023-0139","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-996X","1477-996X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-996X","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-996X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]}}}