{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:49:32Z","timestamp":1778572172853,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539302400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JKM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Entrepreneurial knowledge spurs innovation and, in turn, generates a competitive advantage. This paper aims to explore if entrepreneurial knowledge combined with the attitude to innovate can overcome the key \u201cimperfections\u201d of the innovation process generated by dynamic, current technological progress in the knowledge-intensive sector. The \u201cimperfections\u201d identified in risk management, asymmetric information in the knowledge management process and hold-up problems can all disrupt collaborative partnerships and limit opportunities for innovation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A theory-building approach is applied which offers a case study analysis of two small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). These two SMEs operate in Europe but in two different territories: the UK and Italy. The study explores three key imperfections, risk management, asymmetric information in the knowledge management process and hold-up problems, which occur in the innovation process.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The entrepreneurs face these imperfections by adopting an open innovation model. Notwithstanding, both entrepreneurs had to deal with all \u201cimperfections\u201d, and their skills, attributes, attitude and aptitude allowed them to grow their business and continually develop new products. Therefore, the imperfections do not limit the innovative capacity of an entrepreneur but rather enhance their challengeable attitude. In this regard, the case studies induce a further analysis on entrepreneurial knowledge intertwined with entrepreneurial risk management and networking skills.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The empirical significance of the two cases does not allow theorisation. However, this research offers interesting results which can be strengthened by a comparative case study with other countries or deeper investigation by applying a quantitative approach.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>By leveraging entrepreneurial knowledge, the imperfections noted in the innovation process can be overcome. Entrepreneurial knowledge is recognised as the main asset of an enterprise if it is combined with external talent or human resources. Entrepreneurs aim to develop innovative approaches and ideas through establishing both formal and informal collaborative partnership relationships which are used thanks to the entrepreneurs\u2019 networking skills, knowledge and abilities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jkm-01-2018-0035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T06:23:20Z","timestamp":1539325400000},"page":"1637-1654","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Do entrepreneurial knowledge and innovative attitude overcome \u201cimperfections\u201d in the innovation process? Insights from SMEs in the UK and Italy"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Usai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Scuotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Fiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Dezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1086\/466922","article-title":"Vertical integration, appropriable rents, and the competitive contracting process","volume":"21","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Law and Economics"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref002","volume-title":"Management of Knowledge-Intensive Companies","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.10.3.216","article-title":"Complexity theory and organization science","volume":"10","year":"1999","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6520.2008.00284.x","article-title":"Agency and governance in strategic entrepreneurship","volume":"33","year":"2009","journal-title":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref005","first-page":"173","article-title":"Inward investment in the UK and the single European market","volume":"24","year":"1991","journal-title":"Regional Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-9026(93)90027-3","article-title":"Formal entrepreneurship theory in economics: existence and bond","volume":"8","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Business Venturing"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-7187(92)90014-P","article-title":"The licensing of patents under asymmetric information","volume":"10","year":"1992","journal-title":"International Journal of Industrial Organization"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1108\/01437730710726822","article-title":"The leadership\/management conundrum: innovation or risk management?","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Leadership & Organization Development Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1108\/EJIM-01-2013-0010","article-title":"Integrating risk management in the innovation project","volume":"17","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Innovation Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/135910457000100301","article-title":"Back-translation for cross-cultural research","volume":"1","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1504\/GBER.2017.086781","article-title":"Management control in Italian SMEs","volume":"19","year":"2017","journal-title":"Global Business and Economics Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1108\/13673271111119691","article-title":"A qualitative exploration of entrepreneurial knowledge transfers","volume":"15","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref013","volume-title":"Soft Systems Methodology in Action","year":"1990"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref014","first-page":"42","article-title":"The influence of outsider\u2013generated knowledge resources on venture creation","volume":"37","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Small Business Management"},{"issue":"16","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0335.1937.tb00002.x","article-title":"The nature of the firm","volume":"4","year":"1937","journal-title":"Economica, New Series"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBU.0000040274.23551.1b","article-title":"The risk-based view of trust: a conceptual framework","volume":"19","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Business and Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6486.00141","article-title":"Managing organizational knowledge integration in the emerging multimedia complex","volume":"36","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Management Studies"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-06-2014-0264","article-title":"Managerial practices and operative directions of knowledge management within inter-firm networks: a global view","volume":"18","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1108\/IMR-05-2016-0098","article-title":"Influences of cognitive dimensions on the collaborative entry mode choice of small and medium-sized enterprises","volume":"34","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Marketing Review"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1002\/job.2237","article-title":"The microlevel actions undertaken by owner-managers in improving the sustainability practices of cultural and creative small and medium enterprises: a United Kingdom\u2013Italy comparison","volume":"38","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref021","first-page":"379","article-title":"Explaining international retailers\u2019 market entry mode strategy: internalization theory, agency theory and the importance of information asymmetry","volume":"9","year":"1999","journal-title":"International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref022","unstructured":"Egbu, C., Hayles, C., Anumba, A., Ruikar, K. and Quintas, P. (2004), \u201cGetting started in knowledge management: concise guidance for construction consultants and contractors\u201d, Partners in Innovation Project (CI 39\/3\/709), Department of Trade and Industry, London."},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref023","volume-title":"The Politics of Local Economic Policy: The Problems and Possibilities of Local Initiative","year":"1993"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-09-2016-0411","article-title":"How MNC\u2019s subsidiaries may improve their innovative performance? The role of external sources and knowledge management capabilities","volume":"21","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref025","article-title":"Dual relational embeddedness and knowledge transfer in european multinational corporations and subsidiaries","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.2307\/2555500","article-title":"Technology transfer under asymmetric information","volume":"21","year":"1990","journal-title":"RAND Journal of Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1142\/S1363919606001429","article-title":"Firm strategies for risk management in innovation","volume":"10","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovation Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/089124189018002001","article-title":"On fieldwork","volume":"18","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Contemporary Ethnography"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570810914883","article-title":"Critical entrepreneur knowledge dimensions for the SME performance","volume":"108","year":"2008","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1086\/261404","article-title":"The costs and benefits of ownership: a theory of vertical and lateral integration","volume":"94","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref031","volume-title":"The Entrepreneurial City: Geographies of Politics, Regime and Representation","year":"1998"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1086\/261729","article-title":"Property rights and the nature of the firm","volume":"98","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref033","volume-title":"The Condition of Postmodernity","year":"1989"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref034","volume-title":"The Counter-Revolution of Science: Studies on the Abuse of Reason","year":"1952"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-50467-4_4","article-title":"Entrepreneurial risk management","volume-title":"Effective Entrepreneurial Management","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2.1.88","article-title":"Organizational learning: the contributing processes and the literatures","volume":"2","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref037","article-title":"Antecedents, elements, and consequences of corporate entrepreneurship strategy","year":"2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref038","first-page":"30","article-title":"Thinking in numbers","volume":"48","year":"2001","journal-title":"Risk Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-405X(76)90026-X","article-title":"Theory of firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure","volume":"3","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Financial Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1108\/NEJE-11-02-2008-B003","article-title":"Are you an innovator or adaptor? The impact of cognitive propensity on venture expectations and outcomes","volume":"11","year":"2008","journal-title":"New England Journal of Entrepreneurship"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270310463617","article-title":"Using \u2018knowledge champions\u2019 to facilitate knowledge management","volume":"7","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1108\/13552559610110691","article-title":"The high technology small firm sector in the UK during a recessionary period","volume":"2","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1057\/9781137547125_8","article-title":"Clusters, systems and blocks","volume-title":"Beyond Innovation: Technology, Institution and Change as Categories for Social Analysis","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref044","volume-title":"Competition and Entrepreneurship","year":"1973"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref045","volume-title":"Perception Opportunity and Profit: Studies in the Theory of Entrepreneurship","year":"1979"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref046","volume-title":"Risk, Uncertainty and Profit","year":"1921"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref047","first-page":"30","article-title":"Emergence of the chief risk officer","volume":"44","year":"1997","journal-title":"Risk Management"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref048","volume-title":"Wellsprings of Knowledge: Building and Sustaining the Sources of Innovation","year":"1995"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1177\/107780040100700405","article-title":"Subjects of desire: academic armor, intimate ethnography, and the production of critical knowledge","volume":"7","year":"2001","journal-title":"Qualitative Inquiry"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/1098-1616.00019","article-title":"The determinants of enterprise risk management: evidence from the appointment of chief risk officers","volume":"6","year":"2003","journal-title":"Risk Management & Insurance Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.2307\/973677","article-title":"The science of \u2018muddling through","volume":"19","year":"1959","journal-title":"Public Administration Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.2307\/976178","article-title":"Still muddling, not yet through","volume":"39","year":"1979","journal-title":"Public Administration Review"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref053","volume-title":"Inquiry and Change: The Troubled Attempt to Understand and Shape Society","year":"1990"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref054","volume-title":"The Policy-Making Process, Prentice-Hall Foundations of Modern Political Science Series","year":"1993"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1111\/etap.12013","article-title":"On the theory of entrepreneurial incentives and alertness","volume":"38","year":"2014","journal-title":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref056","first-page":"87","article-title":"The impact of intangible assets on financial and governance policies: a literature review","volume":"7","year":"2010","journal-title":"Corporate Ownership and Control"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref057","first-page":"199","article-title":"Public policy and the development of the informal venture Capital market: UK experience and lessons for Europe","volume-title":"Industrial Policy in Europe","year":"1999"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6622.2002.tb00449.x","article-title":"A senior manager\u2019s guide to integrated risk management","volume":"14","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Corporate Finance"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref059","volume-title":"Enterprise Risk Management: An Analytic Approach","year":"2000"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6622.1992.tb00213.x","article-title":"Financial innovation: achievements and prospects","volume":"4","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Corporate Finance"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusvent.2003.09.003","article-title":"Entrepreneurial alertness and asymmetric information in a spin-glass model","volume":"19","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Business Venturing"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1177\/002224379803500301","article-title":"Information asymmetry and levels of agency relationships","volume":"35","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref063","volume-title":"The Business of Risk","year":"1983"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref064","first-page":"81","article-title":"The evolving firm: how dynamic and operating capabilities interact to enable entrepreneurship","volume":"20","year":"2009","journal-title":"British Journal of Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-017-9628-2","article-title":"The causal relation between entrepreneurial ecosystem and productive entrepreneurship: a measurement framework","volume":"43","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Technology Transfer"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.5.1.14","article-title":"A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation","volume":"5","year":"1994","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref067","volume-title":"Human Capital in Organizations: Competence, Training and Learning","year":"1993"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022050700009451","article-title":"Constitutions and commitment: the evolution of institutions governing public choice in seventeenth-century England","volume":"49","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Journal of Economic History"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410610642075","article-title":"Knowledge management issues in knowledge-intensive SMEs","volume":"62","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1108\/14626000510628252","article-title":"Building entrepreneurial knowledge reservoirs","volume":"12","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref071","first-page":"106","article-title":"Cognitive processes: is the entrepreneur different?","volume-title":"Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, 12th Annual Babson College entrepreneurship research conference","year":"1992"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/0447-2778.00033","article-title":"Networks, resources, and small business growth: the experience in Sri Lanka","volume":"39","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Small Business Management"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref073","volume-title":"Managing Knowledge: critical Investigations of Work and Learning","year":"2000"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref074","volume-title":"Introduction to Social Research: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches","year":"1998"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref075","first-page":"238","article-title":"New technology-based firms - an exploratory study of technology exploitation and industrial renewal","volume":"8","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(199806)19:6<515::AID-SMJ960>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Technology development mode: a transaction cost conceptualization","volume":"19","year":"1998","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref077","article-title":"The ethics of information and communication technologies (ICT) in business","volume":"8","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of International Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270010315362","article-title":"From learning organisation to knowledge entrepreneur","volume":"4","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1108\/11766091111162070","article-title":"The qualitative research interview","volume":"8","year":"2011","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-015-0350-8","article-title":"How SMEs engage in open innovation: a survey","volume":"9","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the Knowledge Economy"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2681(97)00092-9","article-title":"Perceiving and managing business risks: differences between entrepreneurs and bankers","volume":"33","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref082","volume-title":"Managerial Choices between Systems, Knowledge and Viability","year":"2013"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ausmj.2014.08.008","article-title":"Information asymmetry and co-creation in health care services","volume":"22","year":"2014","journal-title":"Australasian Marketing Journal"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref084","volume-title":"The Theory of Economic Development An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle, Harvard Economic Studies","year":"1934"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/10580530.2017.1330006","article-title":"SMEs and mass collaborative knowledge management: toward understanding the role of social media networks","volume":"34","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information Systems Management"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2017.03.021","article-title":"The performance implications of leveraging internal innovation through social media networks: an empirical verification of the smart fashion industry","volume":"120","year":"2017","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-10-2016-0465","article-title":"Knowledge driven preferences in informal inbound open innovation modes: an explorative view on small to medium enterprises","volume":"21","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/caim.12221","article-title":"Shifting intra \u2013 and inter \u2013 organizational innovation process towards digital business: an empirical analysis of SMEs","volume":"26","year":"2017","journal-title":"Creativity and Innovation Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6261.1997.tb04820.x","article-title":"A survey of corporate governance","volume":"52","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Finance"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1057\/rm.2009.1","article-title":"The changing nature of risk and risk management: the challenge of borders, uncertainty and resilience","volume":"11","year":"2009","journal-title":"Risk Management"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref091","volume-title":"Appraisal, Risk and Uncertainty","year":"2003"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/tie.5060340503","article-title":"Limits to learning from the west: how Western management advice may prove limited in Eastern Europe","volume":"34","year":"1992","journal-title":"The International Executive"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1177\/135050769402500302","article-title":"Knowing, managing and learning: a dynamic managerial epistemology","volume":"25","year":"1994","journal-title":"Management Learning"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref094","volume-title":"Knowledge Management for the Information Professional","year":"2000"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref095","volume-title":"New Movements in Entrepreneurship","year":"2003"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref096","volume-title":"Understanding the Small Business Sector","year":"1994"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1108\/13673279910304014","article-title":"Knowledge management and innovation: networks and networking","volume":"3","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270710832217","article-title":"Dynamic knowledge nets\u2013the 3C model: exploratory findings and conceptualisation of entrepreneurial knowledge constellations","volume":"11","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwb.2005.09.001","article-title":"Investigated social entrepreneurship: a multidimensional model","volume":"41","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of World Business"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2014.03.001","article-title":"Open innovation: the next decade","volume":"43","year":"2014","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"13","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.360","article-title":"Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses","volume":"24","year":"2003","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0102","volume-title":"Markets and Hierarchies, Analysis and Antitrust Implications: A Study in the Economics of Internal Organization","year":"1975"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0103","volume-title":"The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: firms, Markets, Relational Contracting","year":"1985"},{"key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0104","volume-title":"Case Study Research: Design and Methods","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3390\/su10020314","article-title":"An empirical study on entrepreneurial orientation, absorptive capacity, and SMEs\u2019 innovation performance: a sustainable perspective","volume":"10","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1108\/JEEE-11-2014-0040","article-title":"How knowledge affects resource acquisition: entrepreneurs\u2019 knowledge, intra-industry ties and extra-industry ties","volume":"7","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021041509192277700_ref0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-493X.2003.tb00156.x","article-title":"An agency theory investigation of supply risk management","volume":"39","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of Supply Chain Management"}],"container-title":["Journal of Knowledge Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JKM-01-2018-0035\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JKM-01-2018-0035\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:25:19Z","timestamp":1753395919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jkm\/article\/22\/8\/1637-1654\/269492"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/JKM-01-2018-0035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jkm-01-2018-0035","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-3270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-3270","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]]}}}