{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T15:01:43Z","timestamp":1774364503351,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,9]],"date-time":"2015-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,9]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The purpose of this explorative research study is to focus on the implementation of semantic Web technology on agriculture domain of e-governance data. The study contributes to an understanding of problems and difficulties in implantations of unstructured and unformatted unique datasets of multilingual local language-based electronic dictionary (IndoWordnet). <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 An approach to an implementation in the perspective of conceptual logical concept to realization of agriculture-based terms and terminology extracted from linked multilingual IndoWordNet while maintaining the support and specification of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standard of semantic Web technology to generate ontology and uniform unicode structured datasets. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The findings reveal the fact about partial support of extraction of terms, relations and concepts while linking to IndoWordNet, resulting in the form of SynSets, lexical relations of Words and relations between themselves. This helped in generation of ontology, hierarchical modeling and creation of structured metadata datasets. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 IndoWordNet has limitations, as it is not fully revised version due to diversified cultural base in India, and the new version is yet to be released in due time span. As mentioned in Section 5, implications of these ideas and experiments will have good impact in doing more exploration and better applications using such wordnet. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 Language developer tools and frameworks have been used to get tagged annotated raw data processed and get intermediate results, which provides as a source for the generation of ontology and dynamic metadata. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Social implications<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The results are expected to be applied for other e-governance applications. Better use of applications in social and government departments. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The authors have worked out experimental facts and raw information source datasets, revealing satisfactory results such as SynSets, sensecount, semantic and lexical relations, class concepts hierarchy and other related output, which helped in developing ontology of domain interest and, hence, creation of a dynamic metadata which can be globally used to facilitate various applications support.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jkm-10-2014-0441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,13]],"date-time":"2015-02-13T05:57:23Z","timestamp":1423807043000},"page":"25-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Development of ontology from Indian agricultural e-governance data using IndoWordNet: a semantic web approach"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Bhaskar","family":"Sinha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somnath","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megha","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b2","unstructured":"Bahuguna, A.\n (2012), \n Agriculture Census 2010-11\n , Department of Agriculture & Cooperation Ministry of Agriculture Government of India, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berners-Lee, T.\n (2007), \u201cLinked data\u201d, available at: www.w3.org\/DesignIssues\/LinkedData.html\/ (accessed 12 August 2013).","DOI":"10.1145\/147126.147133"},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b3","unstructured":"Berners-Lee, T.\n (2009), \u201cPutting government data online\u201d, available at: www.w3.org\/DesignIssues\/GovData.htm\/ (accessed 18 September 2013)."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b5","unstructured":"Bhall, G.S.\n and \n Singh, G.\n (2010), \u201cFinal report on planning commission project growth of Indian agriculture: a district level study\u201d, Centre for the Study of Regional Development Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b6","unstructured":"Bhattacharyya, P.\n , \n Fellbaum, C.\n and \n Vossen, P.\n (Eds) (2010), \u201cPrinciples, Construction and Applications of Multilingual Wordnets, 5th Global Wordnet Conference Proceedings\u201d, Narosa Publishing House, Mumbai."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b1","unstructured":"CAT: AII, CAAS\n (2011), \u201cLinked open data of Chinese agricultural thesaurus\u201d, CAT: AII, CAAS, China, A web link project, available at: www.aims.fao.org\/community\/agrovoc\/blogs\/chinese-agricultural-thesaururs-published-linked-open-data# (accessed 14 March 2014)."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b7","unstructured":"Finlayson, A.M.\n (2014), \u201cJava libraries for accessing the princeton wordnet: comparison and evaluation\u201d, GWC 2014, Proceedings of the Seventh Global WordNet Conference, Tartu, pp. 78-85."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garg, M.\n , \n Sinha, B.\n and \n Chandra, S.\n (2014), \u201cSemi-automatic RDFization of Hindi agricultural words using indowordnet\u201d, IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), Greater Noida, pp. 7269-7274.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCI.2014.6968525"},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendler, J.\n (2008), \u201cWeb 3.0: Chicken farms on the semantic web\u201d, \n Computer, IEEE Computer Society\n , Vol. 41 No. 1, pp. 106-108.","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2008.34"},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b10","unstructured":"Keita, N.\n , \n Srivastava, M.\n , \n Ouedraogo, E.\n and \n Kabore, M.\n (2010), \u201cCollecting agricultural data from population census: overview of FAO recommendations and experiences of Burkina Faso and other countries\u201d, Fifth International Conference for Agricultural Statistics, Kampala, pp. 2-5."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b11","unstructured":"Kumar, R.\n (2010), \n Ailing Agricultural Productivity in Economically Fragile Region of India: An Analysis of Synergy between Public Investment and Farmers\u2019 Capacity\n , A research report published in Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, available at: http:\/\/iiss.nic.in\/publication\/AP%20Cess%20Report.pdf"},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b12","unstructured":"Ministry of Agriculture, India,\n (2006), \u201cNational commission on farmers: serving farmers and saving farming\u201d, available at: http:\/\/agricoop.nic.in\/Agristatistics.htm\/ (accessed 20 February 2014)."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b13","unstructured":"Reports and publications\n (2013), \u201cNational food security mission\u201d, available at: www.agricoop.nic.in\/ (accessed 21 May 2013)."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b14","unstructured":"Semantic Web\n (2010), \u201cSetting government data free\u201d, available at: www.semanticweb.com\/ (accessed 18 September 2013)."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b15","unstructured":"Sinha, B.\n and \n Chandra, S.\n (2013a), \u201cSemantic web query on e-governance data for crop ontology model of Indian agriculture domain\u201d, in \n Dutta, \n , \n B.\n , \n Madalli, \n and \n D.P.\n (Eds), International Conference on Knowledge Modelling and Knowledge Management (ICKM), Bangalore (Bengaluru), pp. 56-66."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b16","unstructured":"Sinha, B.\n and \n Chandra, S.\n (2013b), \u201cSemantic web ontology model for Indian agriculture domain\u201d, in \n Dutta, \n , \n B.\n , \n Madalli, \n and \n D.P.\n (Eds), International Conference on Knowledge Modelling and Knowledge Management (ICKM), Bangalore (Bengaluru), pp. 101-111."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith, B.\n and \n Fellbaum, C.\n (2004), \u201cMedical wordNet: a new methodology for the construction and validation of information resources for consumer health\u201d, \n Proceedings of Coling: The 20th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Geneva\n , 23\/27 August, pp. 31-38.","DOI":"10.3115\/1220355.1220409"},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b17","unstructured":"Steinberger, R.\n (2010), \u201cAutomatic Eurovoc indexing of parliamentary texts in all official EU languages\u201d, European Commission, Luxembourg."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b22","unstructured":"Steinberger, R.\n and \n Camila, I.et al.\n \n (2003), \u201cAutomatic annotation of multilingual text collections with a conceptual thesaurus\u201d, in \n Proceedings of the Workshop Ontologies and Information Extraction at the Summer School The Semantic Web and Language Technology \u2013 Its Potential and Practicalities\n , (EUROLAN'2003). Bucharest, Romania, 28 July \u2013 8 August 2003."},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uschold, M.\n and \n Gruninger, M.\n (1996), \u201cOntologies: principles, methods and applications\u201d, \n The Knowledge Engineering Review\n , Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 93-136.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888900007797"},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Velardi, P.\n , \n Cucchiarelli, A.\n and \n Petit, M.\n (2007), \u201cA taxonomy learning method and its application to characterize a scientific web community\u201d, \n IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering\n , Vol. 19 No. 2, pp. 180-191.","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2007.21"},{"key":"key2020122603255240400_b19","unstructured":"W3C INDIA,\n (2014), \u201cNational e-governance plan- better government through better use of the web\u201d, available at: www.w3cindia.in\/ (accessed 23 March 2014)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Knowledge Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/JKM-10-2014-0441","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JKM-10-2014-0441\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JKM-10-2014-0441\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:27:40Z","timestamp":1753396060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jkm\/article\/19\/1\/25-44\/259770"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Dr.","family":"Biswanath Dutta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dr.","family":"Devika P. 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