{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T16:04:30Z","timestamp":1762445070720,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597536000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JKM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to build on equity theory to assess the effect of chief executive officer (CEO) underpayment on the accumulation of firm-specific knowledge, accounting for the moderating effects of the CEO compensation gap and the clarity of the board\u2019s informal hierarchy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study starts with all firms listed in the Execucomp database for the period 1992 to 2006. Then, all data sources are merged and entries with missing information are excluded. The final data set used for model estimations includes 1,152 firm-year observations. The command xtreg in Stata 12 with the fixed-effect option (fe) is used to estimate the relationship between CEO underpayment and firm-specific knowledge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study proposed and examined the role of CEO underpayment in discouraging CEO willingness to invest firm-specific human capital and, accordingly, to adopt a strategy of accumulating lower levels of firm-specific knowledge assets. The empirical analyses strongly support this argument. Moreover, CEO compensation gaps and the informal hierarchy of boards negatively moderated this relationship. That is, CEO underpayment had a weaker negative effect on firm-specific knowledge when the CEO compensation gap and the clarity of the board\u2019s informal hierarchy were high.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior studies from the knowledge-based perspective have focused on the importance of firm-specific knowledge in enabling a firm to achieve superior financial performance. However, relatively little attention has been paid to CEOs\u2019 willingness to accumulate firm-specific knowledge. The present study contributes to the knowledge-based view of the firm. This study integrates equity theory with the knowledge-based view of the firm by highlighting how unfair compensation of CEOs may discourage them to fully realize a firm\u2019s potential to generate specific knowledge. By incorporating the fairness issue of CEO compensation into the knowledge-based view, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the origins of firm-specific knowledge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/jkm-12-2019-0693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T02:57:52Z","timestamp":1597546672000},"page":"2107-2125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Minding the gap: the effect of CEO underpayment on firm-specific knowledge"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Linlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhaofang","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1037\/h0040968","article-title":"Towards an understanding of inequity","volume":"67","year":"1963","journal-title":"The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2307\/3250961","article-title":"Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: conceptual foundations and research issues","volume":"25","year":"2001","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.48.6.782.187","article-title":"CEO characteristics and firm R&D spending","volume":"48","year":"2002","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1177\/014920639101700108","article-title":"Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage","volume":"17","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.2307\/258106","article-title":"The composition of boards of directors and strategic control: effects on corporate strategy","volume":"15","year":"1990","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"key":"key2021121312420679300_ref006","first-page":"22","article-title":"Front matter, human capital: a theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education","volume-title":"Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education","year":"1975","edition":"2nd ed."},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/peps.12293","article-title":"Payoffs for layoffs? An examination of CEO relative pay and firm performance surrounding layoff announcements","volume":"72","year":"2019","journal-title":"Personnel Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.2308\/accr.2010.85.5.1511","article-title":"Determinants of CEO pay: a comparison of ExecuComp and non-ExecuComp firms","volume":"85","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Accounting Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.2307\/257661","article-title":"Equity theory: the recent literature, methodological considerations, and new directions","volume":"3","year":"1978","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1177\/014920639101700110","article-title":"Managerial resources and rents","volume":"17","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2017.08.007","article-title":"Horizon problem and firm innovation: the influence of CEO career horizon, exploitation and exploration on breakthrough innovations","volume":"46","year":"2017","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.2307\/2393275","article-title":"Agents without principles? The spread of the poison pill through the intercorporate network","volume":"36","year":"1991","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2307\/258191","article-title":"Agency theory: an assessment and review","volume":"14","year":"1989","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.2307\/257104","article-title":"Market comparison earnings and the bidding-up of executive cash compensation: evidence from the United Kingdom","volume":"41","year":"1998","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1177\/0149206310372259","article-title":"Interpersonal injustice and workplace deviance: the role of esteem threat","volume":"38","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref057a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250100203","article-title":"Chief executive compensation: a study of the intersection of markets and political processes","volume":"10","year":"1989","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.5465\/ame.2003.10025204","article-title":"Not the usual suspects: how to use board process to make boards better","volume":"17","year":"2003","journal-title":"Academy of Management Perspectives"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6486.2009.00861.x","article-title":"Relative CEO underpayment and CEO behaviour towards R&D spending","volume":"47","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Management Studies"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.827","article-title":"The effect of CEO pay deviations on CEO withdrawal, firm size, and firm profits","volume":"31","year":"2010","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2013.0377","article-title":"Motivated to acquire? The impact of CEO regulatory focus on firm acquisitions","volume":"58","year":"2015","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-5073(74)90045-2","article-title":"An examination of referents used in the evaluation of pay","volume":"12","year":"1974","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Performance"},{"issue":"S2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250171110","article-title":"Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm","volume":"17","year":"1996","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref022","first-page":"722","article-title":"Too many cooks spoil the broth: how high-status individuals decrease group effectiveness","volume":"22","year":"2016","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250160304","article-title":"The effects of ownership structure on conditions at the top: the case of CEO pay raises","volume":"16","year":"1995","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.93.3.665","article-title":"Keeping up with the joneses: a field study of the relationships among upward, lateral, and downward comparisons and pay level satisfaction","volume":"93","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2009.0824","article-title":"Board informal hierarchy and firm financial performance: exploring a tacit structure guiding boardroom interactions","volume":"54","year":"2011","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.5.2.173","article-title":"Firm-specificity in corporate applied R&D","volume":"5","year":"1994","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.332","article-title":"The dynamic resource\u2010based view: capability lifecycles","volume":"24","year":"2003","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.2307\/3069339","article-title":"Top management team coordination needs and the CEO pay gap: a competitive test of economic and behavioral views","volume":"44","year":"2001","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8683.2009.00760.x","article-title":"Board structure and firm performance: evidence from India's top companies","volume":"17","year":"2009","journal-title":"Corporate Governance: An International Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-405X(76)90026-X","article-title":"Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure","volume":"3","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Financial Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1086\/261677","article-title":"Performance pay and top-management incentives","volume":"98","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.3.3.383","article-title":"Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology","volume":"3","year":"1992","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.7.5.502","article-title":"What firms do? Coordination, identity, and learning","volume":"7","year":"1996","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfineco.2018.11.008","article-title":"Technological links and predictable returns","volume":"132","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Financial Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2010.48036912","article-title":"CEO hubris and firm risk taking in China: the moderating role of managerial discretion","volume":"53","year":"2010","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.84.3.619","article-title":"Status and solidarity in social comparison: agentic and communal values and vertical and horizontal directions","volume":"84","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"volume-title":"Directors: Myth and Reality","year":"1986","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref037"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.5465\/19416520802211628","article-title":"8 Social hierarchy: the self\u2010reinforcing nature of power and status","volume":"2","year":"2008","journal-title":"Academy of Management Annals"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.4250130505","article-title":"The resource\u2010based view within the conversation of strategic management","volume":"13","year":"1992","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-004-5367-z","article-title":"Corporate social responsibility and long-term compensation: evidence from Canada","volume":"57","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Business Ethics"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0281-7527(84)90009-4","article-title":"Notes on ambiguity and executive compensation","volume":"1","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Management Studies"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2445","article-title":"Going short\u2010term or long\u2010term? CEO stock options and temporal orientation in the presence of slack","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref043","article-title":"Towards a knowledge\u2010based view of firm innovation. Theory and empirical research","volume":"15","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.2307\/256861","article-title":"CEO salary increases may be rational after all: referents and contracts in CEO pay","volume":"38","year":"1995","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2011.0401","article-title":"Bridging yesterday, today, and tomorrow: CEO temporal focus, environmental dynamism, and rate of new product introduction","volume":"57","year":"2014","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2010.54533196","article-title":"CEO personality, strategic flexibility, and firm performance: the case of the Indian business process outsourcing industry","volume":"53","year":"2010","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"key":"key2021121312420679300_ref057b","first-page":"285","article-title":"Political dynamics and the circulation of power: CEO succession in US industrial corporations, 1960-1990","year":"1994","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.2307\/2393058","article-title":"CEO compensation as tournament and social comparison: a tale of two theories","volume":"33","year":"1988","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2348","article-title":"Corporate social responsibility or CEO narcissism? CSR motivations and organizational performance","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-03-2018-0192","article-title":"Triggering absorptive capacity in organizations: CEO succession as a knowledge enabler","volume":"22","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(01)00115-9","article-title":"Who is interested in biotech? R&D strategies, knowledge base and market sales of Indian biopharmaceutical firms","volume":"31","year":"2002","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-405X(97)00004-4","article-title":"Inside directors, board effectiveness, and shareholder wealth","volume":"44","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Financial Economics"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2316","article-title":"The role of CEO relative standing in acquisition behavior and CEO pay","volume":"36","year":"2015","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2400","article-title":"Buying bad behavior: tournament incentives and securities class action lawsuits","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"volume-title":"Administrative Behavior","year":"2013","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref054"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.800","article-title":"The impact of CEO core self\u2010evaluation on the firm's entrepreneurial orientation","volume":"31","year":"2010","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.2307\/256877","article-title":"Personality as a moderator in the relationship between fairness and retaliation","volume":"42","year":"1999","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2286","article-title":"How CEO hubris affects corporate social (ir) responsibility","volume":"36","year":"2015","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8683.2011.00878.x","article-title":"Gender, top management compensation gap, and company performance: tournament versus behavioral theory","volume":"20","year":"2012","journal-title":"Corporate Governance: An International Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1060.0204","article-title":"Overpaid CEOs and underpaid managers: fairness and executive compensation","volume":"17","year":"2006","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2009.09.015","article-title":"Is firm-specific innovation associated with greater value appropriation? The roles of environmental dynamism and technological diversity","volume":"39","year":"2010","journal-title":"Research Policy"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1108\/MD-03-2017-0240","article-title":"How CEO underpayment influences strategic change: the equity perspective","volume":"55","year":"2017","journal-title":"Management Decision"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1177\/0149206313484519","article-title":"Slack resources and the rent-generating potential of firm-specific knowledge","volume":"42","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2443","article-title":"Increase in takeover protection and firm knowledge accumulation strategy","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2604","article-title":"Firm\u2010specific knowledge assets and employment arrangements: evidence from CEO compensation design and CEO dismissal","volume":"38","year":"2017","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.787","article-title":"Firm\u2010specific knowledge resources and competitive advantage: the roles of economic\u2010and relationship\u2010based employee governance mechanisms","volume":"30","year":"2009","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1108\/13673270210450414","article-title":"Managing human resources toward achieving knowledge management","volume":"6","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/014920638901500208","article-title":"Boards of directors and corporate financial performance: a review and integrative model","volume":"15","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref057c","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.812","article-title":"Once an outsider, always an outsider? CEO origin, strategic change, and firm performance","volume":"31","year":"2010","journal-title":"Strategic Management Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2021121312420679300_ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1108\/13673271111179352","article-title":"Knowledge-based dynamic capabilities and innovation in networked environments","volume":"15","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Knowledge Management"}],"container-title":["Journal of Knowledge Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JKM-12-2019-0693\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/JKM-12-2019-0693\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:28:22Z","timestamp":1753396102000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/jkm\/article\/24\/9\/2107-2125\/273813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/JKM-12-2019-0693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jkm-12-2019-0693","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-3270","1367-3270"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1367-3270"},{"type":"print","value":"1367-3270"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]}}}