{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T21:33:17Z","timestamp":1767648797412,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["K"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>A growing body of evidence points to the influence of location and allocation decisions on the structure of healthcare networks. The authors introduced a three-level hierarchical facility location model to minimize travel time in the healthcare system under uncertainty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most healthcare networks are hierarchical and, as a result, the linkage between their levels makes it difficult to specify the location of the facilities. In this article, the authors present a hybrid approach according to data envelopment analysis and robust programming to design a healthcare network. In the first phase, the efficiency of each potential location is calculated based on the non-radial range-adjusted measure considering desirable and undesirable outputs based on a number of criteria such as the target area's population, proximity to earthquake faults, quality of urban life, urban decrepitude, etc. The locations deemed suitable are then used as candidate locations in the mathematical model. In the second phase, based on the proposed robust optimization model, called light robustness, the location and allocation decisions are adopted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The developed model is evaluated using an actual-world case study in District 1 of Tehran, Iran and relevant results and different sensitivity analyses were presented as well. When the percentage of referral parameters changes, the value of the robust model's objective function increases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The contributions of this article are listed as follows: Considering desirable and undesirable criteria to selecting candidate locations, providing a robust programming model for building a service network and applying the developed model to an actual-world case study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/k-02-2022-0276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T13:13:42Z","timestamp":1671110022000},"page":"990-1014","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A light robust optimization model\u00a0for a hierarchical healthcare network"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3526-8512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Yaqoubi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sabouhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1180-9572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Bozorgi-Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mohsen Sadegh","family":"Amalnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2024021304192716800_ref001","article-title":"A stochastic location model for designing primary healthcare networks integrated with workforce cross-training","volume":"24","year":"2020","journal-title":"Operations Research for Health Care"},{"key":"key2024021304192716800_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.12088","article-title":"A multiobjective optimization approach for location\u2010allocation of clinics","volume":"22","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Transactions in Operational Research"},{"key":"key2024021304192716800_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1137\/S1052623495291951","article-title":"Robust truss topology design via semidefinite programming","volume":"7","year":"1997","journal-title":"SIAM Journal on Optimization"},{"key":"key2024021304192716800_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1287\/moor.23.4.769","article-title":"Robust convex optimization","volume":"23","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mathematics of Operations Research"},{"key":"key2024021304192716800_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6377(99)00016-4","article-title":"Robust solutions of uncertain linear programs","volume":"25","year":"1999","journal-title":"Operations Research Letters"},{"key":"key2024021304192716800_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1030.0065","article-title":"The price of robustness","volume":"52","year":"2004","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"key":"key2024021304192716800_ref007","first-page":"95","article-title":"Robust and data-driven optimization: modern decision making under uncertainty","year":"2006","journal-title":"Models, Methods and Applications for Innovative Decision making. 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