{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T00:27:44Z","timestamp":1769300864936,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper aims to explore blockchain integration strategies within a three-level livestock meat supply chain in which consumers have a preference for quality trust in livestock meat products. The paper investigates three questions: First, how does consumers\u2019 preference for quality trust affect blockchain integration and transaction decisions among supply chain participants? Second, under what circumstances will retailers choose to participate in the blockchain? Finally, how can other factors such as blockchain costs and supplier\u2013retailer partnership value affect integration decisions?<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper formulates a supply chain network equilibrium model and employs the logarithmic-quadratic proximal prediction-correction method to obtain equilibrium decisions. Extensive numerical studies are conducted using a pork supply chain network to analyze the implications of blockchain integration for different supply chain participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results reveal several key insights: First, suppliers\u2019 increased blockchain integration, driven by higher quality trust preference, can negatively affect their profits, particularly, with excessive trust preferences and high blockchain costs. Second, an increase in consumers\u2019 preference for quality trust expands the range of unit operating costs for retailers engaging in blockchain. Finally, the supplier\u2013retailer partnership drives retailer blockchain participation, facilitating enhanced information sharing to benefit the entire supply chain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides original insights into blockchain integration strategies in an agricultural supply chain through the application of the supply chain network equilibrium model. The\u00a0investigation of several key factors on equilibrium decisions provides important managerial implications for different supply chain participants to address consumers\u2019 preference for quality trust and enhance overall supply chain performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/k-03-2024-0609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,25]],"date-time":"2024-08-25T05:45:05Z","timestamp":1724564705000},"page":"7254-7284","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An equilibrium analysis of blockchain integration strategies in the livestock meat supply chain considering consumers\u2019 preference for quality trust"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Yiping","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Management, Nanjing Agricultural University , ,","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3507-8048","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shanshan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Management, Nanjing Agricultural University , ,","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7857-4176","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jie","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Business School Suzhou, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University , ,","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Southeast University , ,","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0632-4262","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junyi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Business School Suzhou, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University , ,","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2025111702023820200_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s11067-016-9334-x","article-title":"Determining the impact of personal mobility carbon allowance schemes in transportation networks","volume":"17","author":"Aziz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Networks and Spatial Economics"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.06.042","article-title":"The power of a blockchain-based supply chain","volume":"135","author":"Azzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seps.2017.03.001","article-title":"Quality in competitive fresh produce supply chains with application to farmers\u2019 markets","volume":"60","author":"Besik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Socio-Economic Planning Sciences"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2022.102731","article-title":"An analysis on the role of blockchain-based platforms in agricultural supply chains","volume":"163","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025111702023820200_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2018.11.068","article-title":"An equilibrium model of the supply chain network under multi-attribute behaviors analysis","volume":"275","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106866","article-title":"Automotive supply chain networks equilibrium model under uncertain payment delay and objective weights","volume":"150","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2020.107855","article-title":"Blockchain and smart contracts in supply chain management: a game theoretic model","volume":"228","author":"De Giovanni","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025111702023820200_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13675567.2022.2122422","article-title":"The impact of carbon policies on supply chain network equilibrium: carbon trading price, carbon tax and low-carbon product subsidy perspectives","volume":"27","author":"Duan","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref009","volume-title":"Finite-Dimensional Variational Inequalities and Complementarity Problems","author":"Facchinei","year":"2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025111702023820200_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-020-03729-y","article-title":"Considering the traceability awareness of consumers: should the supply chain adopt the blockchain technology?","volume":"309","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref011","volume-title":"World Food and Agriculture: Statistical Yearbook 2022","author":"FAO","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spc.2021.01.037","article-title":"Closed-loop supply chain network with interaction of forward and reverse logistics","volume":"27","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainable Production and Consumption"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025111702023820200_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s10589-006-6442-4","article-title":"A logarithmic-quadratic proximal prediction-correction method for structured monotone variational inequalities","volume":"35","author":"He","year":"2006","journal-title":"Computational Optimization and Applications"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spc.2021.10.025","article-title":"A sustainable agricultural supply chain considering substituting organic manure for chemical fertilizer","volume":"29","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainable Production and Consumption"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025111702023820200_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14295","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-023-03194-0","article-title":"Analysis of livestock manure utilization in planting and breeding supply chain with organic preference","volume":"26","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environment, Development and Sustainability"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2017.02.012","article-title":"Amount of information and the willingness of consumers to pay for food traceability in China","volume":"77","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.023","article-title":"Modeling the blockchain enabled traceability in agriculture supply chain","volume":"52","author":"Kamble","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2017.12.005","article-title":"1 Blockchain\u2019s roles in meeting key supply chain management objectives","volume":"39","author":"Kshetri","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025111702023820200_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/deci.12396","article-title":"Is blockchain a silver bullet for supply chain management? Technical challenges and research opportunities","volume":"51","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Decision Sciences"},{"issue":"No. ahead-of-print","key":"2025111702023820200_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/k-04-2023-0683","article-title":"Exploring the promotion of blockchain adoption in the healthcare industry through government subsidies","volume":"ahead-of-print","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"33","key":"2025111702023820200_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81189","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-27050-w","article-title":"An analysis of strategies for adopting blockchain in green supply chains under corporate social responsibility","volume":"30","author":"Liao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025111702023820200_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/aepp.13135","article-title":"Blockchain-based traceability and demand for US beef in China","volume":"44","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025111702023820200_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture12060829","article-title":"Investment decisions of blockchain-based anti-counterfeiting traceability services in a high-quality fresh supply chain of China","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2023.103387","article-title":"The impact of blockchain technology on the online purchase behavior of green agricultural products","volume":"74","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106789","article-title":"Blockchain in operations management and manufacturing: potential and barriers","volume":"149","author":"Lohmer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2019.07.007","article-title":"Designing a green meat supply chain network: a multi-objective approach","volume":"219","author":"Mohebalizadehgashti","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025111702023820200_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.2307\/1252308","article-title":"The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing","volume":"58","author":"Morgan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025111702023820200_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/s1366-5545(01)00020-5","article-title":"A supply chain network equilibrium model","volume":"38","author":"Nagurney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025111702023820200_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5023683","article-title":"Dynamics of quality as a strategic variable in complex food supply chain network competition: the case of fresh produce","volume":"28","author":"Nagurney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025111702023820200_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.08.051","article-title":"Dual-fairness supply chain with quantity discount contracts","volume":"258","author":"Nie","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2021.102276","article-title":"Incentive alignment for blockchain adoption in medicine supply chains","volume":"152","author":"Niu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.07.005","article-title":"The closed-loop supply chain network with competition and design for remanufactureability","volume":"105","author":"Qiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025111702023820200_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1108\/scm-08-2019-0300","article-title":"Blockchain: case studies in food supply chain visibility","volume":"25","author":"Rogerson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Supply Chain Management: International Journal"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2018.08.010","article-title":"Sustainable, multiperiod supply chain network model with freight carrier through reduction in pollution stock","volume":"118","author":"Saberi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025111702023820200_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1108\/bfj-07-2017-0365","article-title":"The acceptance of blockchain technology in meat traceability and transparency","volume":"120","author":"Sander","year":"2018","journal-title":"British Food Journal"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2022.103151","article-title":"How does the retailing industry decide on the best replenishment strategy by utilizing technological support through blockchain?","volume":"71","author":"Saxena","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"issue":"No. ahead-of-print","key":"2025111702023820200_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/k-01-2023-0046","article-title":"Robust framework to prioritize blockchain-based supply chain challenges: the fuzzy best-worst approach for multiple criteria decision-making","volume":"ahead-of-print","author":"Shoaib","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106895","article-title":"Supply chain transparency through blockchain-based traceability: an overview with demonstration","volume":"150","author":"Sunny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025111702023820200_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1080\/13675567.2020.1825653","article-title":"Applying blockchain for Halal food traceability","volume":"25","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025111702023820200_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-021-04326-3","article-title":"Pricing strategy of dual-channel supply chain with a risk-averse retailer considering consumers\u2019 channel preferences","volume":"309","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025111702023820200_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3703","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2022.2027037","article-title":"Blockchain\u2019s impact on platform supply chains: transaction cost and information transparency perspectives","volume":"61","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2018.01.002","article-title":"A perishable food supply chain problem considering demand uncertainty and time deadline constraints: modeling and application to a high-speed railway catering service","volume":"111","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025111702023820200_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3717","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2021.1894497","article-title":"An analysis of strategies for adopting blockchain technology in the fresh product supply chain","volume":"61","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025111702023820200_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1080\/13675567.2022.2058473","article-title":"Strategic analysis for adopting blockchain technology under supply chain competition","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025111702023820200_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/2021014","article-title":"Channel choice and coordination of fresh agricultural product supply chain","volume":"55","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"RAIRO \u2013 Operations Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025111702023820200_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.14743\/apem2022.1.417","article-title":"Supply chain information coordination based on blockchain technology: a comparative study with the traditional approach","volume":"17","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Advances in Production Engineering and Management"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2021.101093","article-title":"Can blockchain help food supply chains with platform operations during the COVID-19 outbreak?","volume":"49","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Electronic Commerce Research and Applications"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025111702023820200_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.3390\/s22093388","article-title":"Improving agricultural product traceability using blockchain","volume":"22","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025111702023820200_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2012.07.033","article-title":"Competitive food supply chain networks with application to fresh produce","volume":"224","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"2025111702023820200_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2020.102199","article-title":"Equilibrium in supply chain network with competition and service level between channels considering consumers\u2019 channel preferences","volume":"57","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"}],"container-title":["Kybernetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/K-03-2024-0609\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article-pdf\/54\/13\/7254\/10713146\/k-03-2024-0609en.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article-pdf\/54\/13\/7254\/10713146\/k-03-2024-0609en.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T07:02:43Z","timestamp":1763362963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article\/54\/13\/7254\/1258645\/An-equilibrium-analysis-of-blockchain-integration"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/k-03-2024-0609","relation":{},"ISSN":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0368-492X","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-7883","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]}}}