{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:26:11Z","timestamp":1754155571139,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"9\/10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]],"date-time":"2014-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The purpose of this paper is to investigate and clarify possible distinctions between the terms \u201ccyberneticist\u201d and \u201ccybernetician\u201d with the intention of helping the growth of the cybernetics discipline in new directions. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 After the American Society for Cybernetics ALU 2013 conference in Bolton, a small group of conference participants continued the conversations they had begun during the event, focusing on the comparison of the terms \u201ccyberneticist\u201d vs \u201ccybernetician\u201d. The group felt the need for clearer distinctions drawn (or designed) between the terms, in order to sustain the discipline of cybernetics and to support its growth. The aim of providing these distinctions is that theory should feed into practice and practice should feed into theory, forming a cybernetic loop, so that the discipline of cybernetics is sustained while growing. The conference participants had conversations between themselves, and came up with multiple perspectives on the distinction between \u201ccyberneticist\u201d vs \u201ccybernetician\u201d. The distinctions drawn mirror the distinctions between Science and Design: the science of cybernetics contrasted with the design of cybernetics. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The findings of this paper consist of recommendations to understand and act differently in the field of the discipline of cybernetics. In particular, a clear distinction is suggested between the terms \u201ccyberneticist\u201d and \u201ccybernetician\u201d. It is also suggested that in order for cybernetics to grow and be sustained, there should be a constant flow of developments in theory of cybernetics into the practice of cybernetics and vice-versa. <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p> \u2013 The authors believe that some people (called \u201ccyberneticists\u201d) should work on the science side of cybernetics, making strong contributions to the understanding and development of cybernetics theory. Others, (called \u201ccyberneticians\u201d) should work on the design side of cybernetics, to contribute through their actions and through the development of cybernetics practice. The result of this will be a self-organization that evolves naturally between theory and practice of cybernetics, leading to better learning of cybernetics, and in the process, sustaining it through continued growth. In this direction, the paper proposes several radical suggestions that may not be to the liking of traditionalists, but may be better received by the scientists and designers of cybernetics who can make a difference to the growth of the discipline of cybernetics.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/k-07-2014-0146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,5]],"date-time":"2014-11-05T08:02:57Z","timestamp":1415174577000},"page":"1425-1434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multiple perspectives on the terms \u201ccyberneticist\u201d versus \u201ccybernetician\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Tirumala Rao","family":"Vinnakota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faisal L","family":"Kadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludmila","family":"Malinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter Davd","family":"Tuddenham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ashby, W.R.\n                (1956), \n                  An Introduction to Cybernetics\n               , Chapman & Hall, London.","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.5851"},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b2","unstructured":"Ayers, M.D.\n                (1986), \n                  English Words: From Latin and Greek Elements\n               , 2nd ed., The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galison, P.\n                (1994), \u201cThe ontology of the enemy: Norbert Wiener and the cybernetic vision\u201d, \n                  Critical Inquiry\n               , Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 228-266.","DOI":"10.1086\/448747"},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b9","unstructured":"McDonald, D.\n                and \n                  Holland, W.B.\n                (1969), \u201cSoviet cybernetics: recent news items\u201d, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 1-22, available at: www.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/687079.pdf"},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b10","unstructured":"Pask, G.\n                (1961), \n                  An Approach to Cybernetics: With Preface By Warren S\n               , Hutchinson, McCulloch. London."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b11","unstructured":"Rosick\u00fd, A.\n                (2009), \n                  Informace a syst\u00e9my \u2013 Z\u00e1klady teorie pro \u00faspe\u02c7s\u02c7nou praxi (ISBN 978-80-245-1629-5)\n               , Oeconomica, V Praze."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b13","unstructured":"Segal, L.\n                (2001), \n                  The Dream of Reality: Heinz Von Foerster's Constructivism (ISBN 0-387-95130-X)\n               , Springer, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b14","unstructured":"von Foerster, H.\n                (2003), \n                  Understanding Understanding: Essays on Cybernetics and Cognition\n               , Springer-Verlag, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b15","unstructured":"von Glasersfeld, E.\n                (1992), \u201cWhy I consider myself a cybernetician. Cybernetics and human knowing\u201d, \n                  A Journal of Second Order Cybernetics & Cyber-Semiotics\n               , Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 21-25."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b16","unstructured":"Whewell, W.\n                (1840), \n                  The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences: Founded upon their History\n               , John W. Parker, London."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b17","unstructured":"Wiener, N.\n                (1948), \n                  Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine\n               , MIT Press, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_b18","unstructured":"Wiener, N.\n                (1954), \n                  The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society\n               , Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_frd1","unstructured":"Beer, S.\n                (1972), \n                  Brain of the Firm\n               , Allen Lane, London."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_frd2","unstructured":"Beer, S.\n                (1979), \n                  The Heart of Enterprise\n               , John Wiley, Chichester."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_frd3","unstructured":"Beer, S.\n                (1985), \n                  Diagnosing the System for Organizations\n               , John Wiley, Chichester."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_frd4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glanville, R.\n                (2007), \u201cTry again. Fail again. Fail better: the cybernetics in design and the design in cybernetics\u201d, \n                  Kybernetes\n               , Vol. 36 Nos 9\/10, pp. 1173-1206.","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920710827238"},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_frd5","unstructured":"Glorioso, R.M.\n                (1975), \n                  Engineering Cybernetics\n               , Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ."},{"key":"key2020122720204642500_frd6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwaninger, M.\n                (2006), \u201cDesign for viable organizations: the diagnostic power of the viable system model\u201d, \n                  Kybernetes\n               , Vol. 35 Nos 7\/8, pp. 955-966.","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920610675012"}],"container-title":["Kybernetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/K-07-2014-0146","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/K-07-2014-0146\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/K-07-2014-0146\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:49:09Z","timestamp":1753393749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article\/43\/9-10\/1425-1434\/267596"}},"subtitle":["From a group of ASC Conference participants"],"editor":[{"given":"Ranulph","family":"Glanville","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Baron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9\/10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/K-07-2014-0146"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/k-07-2014-0146","relation":{},"ISSN":["0368-492X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0368-492X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]]}}}