{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:26:24Z","timestamp":1754155584784,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["K"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to develop a generic cultural socio-cognitive trait theory of a \u201cplural affect agency\u201d (the emotional organisation). Interaction between the cognitive and the affective personality is modelled.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>James Gross\u2019 (1988) model of Emotion Regulation is integrated with Normative Personality Theory in the context of Mindset Agency Theory: The agency has a \u201ccognitive system\u201d and an emotion regulating \u201caffective system\u201d which interact (Fink and Yolles, 2015).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Processes of emotion regulation pass through three stages: \u201cIdentification\u201d, \u201cElaboration\u201d and \u201cExecution\u201d. In a social environment, emotions are expressed through actions. The results of actions (feedback, goal achievement) are assessed through affective operative intelligence in the light of pursued goals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The theory will provide guidance for analysis of cultural differentiation within social systems (e.g. societies or organisations), with reference to identification, elaboration and execution of \u201cemotion knowledge\u201d.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding interdependencies between cognition and emotion regulation is a prerequisite of managerial intelligence and strategic cultural intelligence, in demand for interaction and integration processes across social systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/Value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The model provides a framework which links emotion expression and emotion regulation with cognition analysis. In part 2 of this paper, based on this theory a typology can be developed which for given contexts allows<jats:italic>ex ante<\/jats:italic>expectations of typical patterns of behaviour to be identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/k-07-2017-0262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,15]],"date-time":"2017-12-15T09:26:59Z","timestamp":1513330019000},"page":"80-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Affect and cognition, part 1: \u201ccross-fire\u201d interaction model"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Fink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maurice","family":"Yolles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"volume-title":"The Brain of the Firm","year":"1972","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref001"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref002","unstructured":"Boeree, C.G. (2006), \u201cPersonality Theories\u201d, available at: http:\/\/webspace.ship.edu\/cgboer\/persintro.html (accessed March 2013)."},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_B3a","first-page":"602","article-title":"Emotion and motivation","volume-title":"Handbook of Psychophysiology","year":"2000"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327957pspr0904_2","article-title":"Impulse and constraint: perspectives from personality psychology, convergence with theory in other areas, and potential for integration, personal","volume":"9","year":"2005","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Review"},{"article-title":"The role of uncertainty in self-evaluative processes: another look at the cognitive-affective crossfire","volume-title":"Handbook of the Uncertain Self","year":"2010","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref004"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13848","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601417103","article-title":"Consistent resting state networks across healthy subjects","volume":"103","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences United States of America"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref006","first-page":"1","article-title":"A configuration model of organizational culture","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"SAGE Open"},{"volume-title":"A Structural Theory of the Emotions","year":"1977","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref007"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00992109","article-title":"Emotions as social relationships","volume":"10","year":"1986","journal-title":"Motivation and Emotion"},{"volume-title":"Altruistic Emotion, Cognition and Behavior","year":"2015","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref009"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1108\/JOCM-09-2014-0179","article-title":"Collective emotion regulation in an organisation \u2013 a plural agency with cognition and affect","volume":"28","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Change Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref011","first-page":"87","article-title":"Political meaning of mindset types created with Sagiv-Schwartz values","volume":"4","year":"2016","journal-title":"European J. Of Cross-Cultural Competence and Management"},{"article-title":"Affect and cognition, part 2: affect types and mindset types","volume-title":"Kybernetes.","year":"2017","key":"key2020100102083255700_B13a"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2201","article-title":"Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional resonance imaging","volume":"8","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"issue":"9\/10","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920410556016","article-title":"The purpose of second-order cybernetics","volume":"33","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.74.1.224","article-title":"Antecedent- and response-focused emotion regulation: divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology","volume":"74","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref015","first-page":"497","article-title":"Emotion regulation","volume-title":"Handbook of Emotions","year":"2008","edition":"3rd ed."},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref016","first-page":"151","article-title":"Emotion regulation and mental health","volume":"2","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref017","first-page":"3","article-title":"Emotion regulation: conceptual foundations","volume-title":"Handbook of Emotion Regulation","year":"2007"},{"volume-title":"The Changing Organization: Agency Theory in a Cross-Cultural Context","year":"2016","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref018"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref019","first-page":"4","article-title":"The roles of emotion in consumer research","volume":"26","year":"1999","journal-title":"Advances in Consumer Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.42.1.318","article-title":"Inducing changes in arousal and valence: comparison of two mood induction procedures","volume":"42","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.1993.12.2.113","article-title":"Caught in the crossfire: depression, self-consistency, self-enhancement, and the response of others","volume":"12","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology"},{"volume-title":"Thinking, Fast and Slow","year":"2011","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref022"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref023","first-page":"57","article-title":"Emotions as behaviour regulators: social referencing in infancy","volume-title":"Emotion: Theory, Research and Experience","year":"1983"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02281954","article-title":"Facial expressions of emotion influence interpersonal trait inferences","volume":"20","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Nonverbal Behavior"},{"volume-title":"Personality in Intimate Relationships Socialization and Psychopathology","year":"2005","author":"L\u2019Abate","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref025"},{"volume-title":"Social Systems","year":"1995","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref026"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2601(08)60132-X","article-title":"Toward a comprehensive theory of emotion","volume":"13","year":"1980","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Social Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.60.4.294","article-title":"A tale of two visions: can a new view of personality help integrate psychology?","volume":"60","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"volume-title":"Living Systems","year":"1978","key":"key2020100102083255700_B31a"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref029","unstructured":"Miller, S.T. (2010). An esoteric guide to Spencer-Brown\u2019s laws of form, available at: http:\/\/elements.spiritalchemy.com\/articles\/pdf\/An-Esoteric-Guide-to-Laws-of-Form.pdf (accessed August 2017)."},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1086\/202539","article-title":"Mindscapes and science theories","volume":"21","year":"1980","journal-title":"Current Anthropology"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref031","first-page":"79","article-title":"Individual cognitive types and their implication in human resources management","volume":"1","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Management Technology"},{"volume-title":"Autopoiesis and Cognition","year":"1980","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref032"},{"volume-title":"Transforming Communication in Leadership and Teamwork - Person-Centered Innovations","year":"2016","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref033"},{"volume-title":"An Introduction to Types: A Guide to Understanding Your Results on the Myers-Briggs Types Indicator","year":"2000","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref034"},{"first-page":"97","article-title":"Special states in goal-orientated and adaptive systems: base for definition of information","year":"2006","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref035"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920710741206","article-title":"Elements of a cybernetic epistemology: the four modes of coexistence of goalorientated systems","volume":"36","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1108\/K-09-2014-0192","article-title":"The interaction matrix: from individual goal-setting to the four modes of coexistence","volume":"45","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1108\/K-10-2015-0268","article-title":"The four modes of coexistence in social systems","volume":"46","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"volume-title":"The Cognitive Structure of Emotions","year":"1994","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref039"},{"volume-title":"The Psychology of Intelligence","year":"1950","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref040"},{"volume-title":"The Symbolism of Evil","year":"1967","key":"key2020100102083255700_B44a"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref041","first-page":"167","article-title":"Cultural values in organisations: insights for Europe","volume":"1","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of International Management"},{"year":"1994","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref042","article-title":"A metamodel to interpret the emergence, evolution and functioning of viable natural systems"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seidl, D. (2004), Luhmann\u2019s Theory of Autopoietic Social Systems, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen-Munich School of Management, available at: www.zfog.bwl.uni-muenchen.de\/files\/mitarbeiter\/paper2004_2.pdf (accessed January 2014), Also, reformulated as: Seidl, D., Schoeneborn, D., 2010). Niklas Luhmann\u2019s Autopoietic Theory of Organisations: Contributions, Limitations, and Future Prospects, Institute of Organisation and Administrative Science working paper no. 5, University of Zurich.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1552847"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref044","first-page":"175","article-title":"Styles of achievement in early symbol Use","volume-title":"Language, Thought, and Culture","year":"1980"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref045","unstructured":"Sloan, M.M. (2005), \u201cThere is no happiness at work. Emotion management, inauthenticity, and psychological distress in the workplace\u201d, Dissertation, Vanderbuilt University, Nashville, TN, August."},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1177\/019027250707000308","article-title":"The \u2018real self\u2019 and inauthenticity: the importance of self-concept anchorage for emotional experiences in the workplace","volume":"70","year":"2007","journal-title":"Social Psychology Quarterly"},{"volume-title":"Social and Cultural DynamicsSocial and Cultural Dynamics","year":"1937-1942","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref047"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref048","unstructured":"Spenser Brown, R. (2001), \u201cStructural phenomenology: a top-down analytic methodology\u201d, available at: http:\/\/cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk\/archive\/00001762\/00\/Dimensions_of_consciousness.htm"},{"volume-title":"Laws of Form","year":"1972","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref049"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.52.5.881","article-title":"The cognitive-affective crossfire: when self-consistency confronts self-enhancement","volume":"52","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"volume-title":"The Vygotsky Reader","year":"1994","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref051"},{"volume-title":"Kierkegaard: Thinking Christianity in an Existential Mode","year":"2009","key":"key2020100102083255700_B56a"},{"issue":"3\/4","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1504\/EJCCM.2017.084520","article-title":"Corporate joint alliances, their children, and cultural figurative intelligence","volume":"4","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Cross-Cultural Competence and Management"},{"year":"2006","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref053","article-title":"Using knowledge cybernetics to explore a complex view of observation and measurement"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920910991478","article-title":"Migrating personality theories part 2: towards a theory of the balanced personality?","volume":"38","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1386\/jots.8.1.83_1","article-title":"Agencies, normative personalities, and the viable systems model","volume":"8","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal Organisational Transformation and Social Change"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yolles, M.I. and Fink, G. (2013a), \u201cAn introduction to mindset agency theory\u201d, Working Paper of the Organisational Coherence and Trajectory (OCT) Project, p. 78, available at: http:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=2272169 or http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.2272169 (accessed 8 August 2013).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2272169"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref057","unstructured":"Yolles, M. and Fink, G. (2013b), \u201cAgency mindset theory\u201d, Acta Europeana Systemica. No. 3\/2013, available at: http:\/\/aes.ues-eus.eu\/aes2013\/enteteAES2013.html"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1179\/1477963313Z.00000000026","article-title":"Modelling mindsets of an agency","volume":"11","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Organisational Transformation and Social Change"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref059","article-title":"The changing organisation: an agency modelling approach","volume":"1","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Markets and Business Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_B65a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1108\/K-11-2014-0255","article-title":"A general theory of generic modelling and paradigm shifts: part 1 \u2013 the fundamentals","volume":"44","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_B66a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1108\/K-12-2014-0302","article-title":"A general theory of generic modelling and paradigm shifts: part 2 \u2013 cybernetic orders","volume":"44","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_B67a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1108\/K-12-2014-0303","article-title":"A general theory of generic modelling and paradigm shifts: part 3 \u2013 the extension","volume":"44","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref060","first-page":"8","article-title":"The knowledge cybernetics of culture: the case of China","volume":"3","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Sciences"},{"issue":"7\/8","key":"key2020100102083255700_B69a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1108\/03684921211257856","article-title":"Organisations as emergent normative personalities: part 2, predicting the unpredictable","volume":"41","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"key":"key2020100102083255700_ref061","first-page":"197","article-title":"Emotional climate: social structure and emotional dynamics","volume":"2","year":"1992","journal-title":"International Review of Studies on Emotion"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920810851005","article-title":"Elements of a cybernetic epistemology: decisions, control and principles of societal organization","volume":"37","year":"2008","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1108\/03684920810851177","article-title":"The cybernetics of social change \u2013 and history","volume":"37","year":"2008","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02169213","article-title":"Critical systems thinking, paradigms, and the modelling space","volume":"9","year":"1996","journal-title":"Systems Practice"},{"volume-title":"Management Systems: A Viable Approach","year":"1999","key":"key2020100102083255700_ref065"}],"container-title":["Kybernetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/K-07-2017-0262\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/K-07-2017-0262\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T21:49:14Z","timestamp":1753393754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/k\/article\/47\/1\/80-98\/272164"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/K-07-2017-0262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/k-07-2017-0262","relation":{},"ISSN":["0368-492X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0368-492X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]}}}