{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:28:33Z","timestamp":1777663713997,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n This paper aims to answer the following important questions: Is public debt in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries sustainable? What are the determinants of public debt sustainability in these countries, and do these determinants exhibit heterogeneity due to regional, natural resource, and income differences among SSA countries?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n This study analyzes the public debt sustainability in SSA countries using the theoretical model known as the Present Value Budget Constraint (PVBC) model developed by Hamilton and Flavin (1986), and adopts the econometric testing method proposed by Trehan and Walsh (1991). Moreover, to empirically investigate the determinants of public debt sustainability in SSA countries, the System-Generalized Method of Moments (System-GMM) method is applied. Furthermore, this study conducts heterogeneity analysis by categorizing the sample based on different regions, natural resource endowments, and income levels. The data of this study are sourced from the IMF and World Bank databases for 45 SSA countries from 2005 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n Findings reveal that public debt in SSA countries is not sustainable in the long run, with factors such as the previous government debt, long-term debt ratio, debt repayment capacity, economic growth rate, inflation rate, export to GDP, and government fiscal deficit rate influencing sustainability. Additionally, the factors exhibit heterogeneity attributed to regional, natural resource, and income variations among SSA countries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n The findings of our study will serve as a catalyst for policymakers in the SSA countries to embrace and sustain robust fiscal consolidation and debt stabilization measures. Moreover, countries with distinct characteristics should implement tailored approaches. Additionally, policymakers in SSA countries should implement economic measures to address public debt issues. These measures include improving the macroeconomic structure, promoting economic transformation and diversification of industries, fostering sustainable economic growth, ensuring price stability, and strengthening resilience against external shocks and debt risks. Specifically, countries endowed with indigenous species, resources, and tourism potential should adopt a well-coordinated strategy that utilizes agriculture, tourism, ecotourism, and the hospitality industry as instruments for sustainable local community and rural development.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n Firstly, it assesses the sustainability of public debt and its determinants for countries in SSA, which distinguishes it from previous studies that only focus on either debt sustainability or determinants of debt separately. Secondly, by including multiple SSA countries in the analysis, this study stands out from prior research that predominantly concentrates on specific nations. Thirdly, the utilization of the System-GMM method for analyzing determinants adds a novel dimension to this study, departing from earlier literature primarily focused on debt thresholds. Lastly, the heterogeneity analysis conducted in this study provides an empirical foundation for tailoring policies to different countries, addressing a facet often overlooked in earlier literature.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/k-12-2023-2706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T01:44:11Z","timestamp":1715219051000},"page":"5357-5377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The public debt sustainability and its determinants in Sub-Sahara African countries"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9243-7848","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fang","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economic and Finance, Huaqiao University , ,","place":["Quanzhou, China"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4551-1616","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yunxi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economic and Finance, Huaqiao University , ,","place":["Quanzhou, China"]}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2026030906385629700_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ijefm.20231102.12","article-title":"Constraints to debt sustainability in Egypt: structural response and fiscal fatigue","volume":"11","author":"Abdelgany","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences"},{"key":"2026030906385629700_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpoleco.2023.102403","article-title":"Does government spending efficiency improve fiscal sustainability?","author":"Afonso","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Political Economy"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030906385629700_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3917\/rfe.213.0065","article-title":"Fiscal reaction functions in the EU: a tale of (r-g) and whether it matters","volume":"XXXVI","author":"Afonso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Revue fran\u00e7aise d\u2019\u00e9conomie"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026030906385629700_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.4236\/tel.2018.811133","article-title":"An empirical analysis of the sustainability of public debt in Ghana","volume":"8","author":"Amankwah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theoretical Economics Letters"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030906385629700_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.47772\/ijriss.2023.7307","article-title":"Public debt sustainability in Nigeria","volume":"7","author":"Anisiobi","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030906385629700_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/su14031220","article-title":"Key drivers of public debt levels: empirical evidence from Africa","volume":"14","author":"Appiah-Kubi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2026030906385629700_ref007","first-page":"1","article-title":"Domestic debt sustainability and economic growth: evidence from Ghana","volume":"7","author":"Asravor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Research in Globalization"},{"key":"2026030906385629700_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmacro.2018.10.002","article-title":"Public debt sustainability: an empirical study on OECD countries","volume":"58","author":"Beqiraj","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Macroeconomics"},{"key":"2026030906385629700_ref009","article-title":"Redesigning the EU fiscal rules: from rules to standards","author":"Blanchard","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026030906385629700_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.2307\/2077862","article-title":"The sustainability of budget deficits in a stochastic economy","volume":"27","author":"Bohn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026030906385629700_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1162\/003355398555793","article-title":"The behavior of U. 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