{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T15:47:13Z","timestamp":1757778433167,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]],"date-time":"2014-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 Researchers at the University of Tennessee Libraries experimented with crowdsourcing to determine if contributions by members of the public could be utilized to add citations and subject tags to a new online bibliography, Database of the Smokies (DOTS: dots.lib.utk.edu). The paper aims to discuss this issue. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 The database is built in Drupal, an open source platform that provides a crowdsourcing mechanism. The public was offered the opportunity to create accounts and add content to DOTS. After three months, the project team performed a transaction log analysis of user submissions in order to determine whether an editorial process was necessary. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 This analysis revealed that 18 percent of database content was the result of crowdsourcing and that much of the content submitted by participants was either obscure or difficult to locate. The analysis also showed that while contributors added valuable citations, an editorial review process was necessary to ensure this crowdsourced content could be published in the database. In addition, contributor supplied subject tags were not of significant uniqueness or quantity to substantially influence the existing taxonomy. Finally, the publicity of the crowdsourcing feature allowed other institutions to contribute to the project and add rare material. <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n \u2013 This paper offers a model for utilizing crowdsourcing to entice a sophisticated user group to help build a bibliographic database.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/lht-11-2013-0150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,10]],"date-time":"2014-07-10T10:31:30Z","timestamp":1404988290000},"page":"249-259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Populating the wilderness: crowdsourcing database of the smokies"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Patrick Baggett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Mezick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b2","unstructured":"Baker, K.\n (2012), \u201cFolksonomies and social-tagging\u201d, Idaho Librarian, Vol. 62 No. 2, p. -."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b3","unstructured":"Causer, T.\n , \n Tonra, J.\n and \n Wallace, V.\n (2012), \u201cTranscription maximized; expense minimized? Crowdsourcing and edition\u201d, The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham, Library and Linguistic Computing, Vol. 27 No. 2, pp. 119-136."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b4","unstructured":"Fleet, C.\n , \n Kowel, K.\n and \n Pridal, P.\n (2012), \u201cGeoreferencer: crowdsourced georeferencing for map library collections\u201d, D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 18 Nos 11\/12."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b5","unstructured":"Howe, J.\n (2006), \u201cThe rise of crowdsourcing\u201d, Wired, Vol. 14 No. 6, pp. 176-182."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b6","unstructured":"Lih, A.\n (2009), The Wikipedia Revolution: How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World's Greatest Encyclopedia, Hyperion, New York, NY."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b7","unstructured":"Mathes, A.\n (2004), \u201cFolksonomies \u2013 cooperative classification and communication through shared metadata\u201d, available at: www.adammathes.com\/academic\/computer-mediated-communication\/folksonomies.html (accessed December 8, 2013)."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matusiak, K.K.\n (2006), \u201cTowards user-centered indexing in digital image collections\u201d, International Digital Library Perspectives, Vol. 22 No. 4, pp. 283-298.","DOI":"10.1108\/10650750610706998"},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b1","unstructured":"National Library of Australia\n (2013), \u201cAustralian newspaper digitisation program\u201d, available at: www.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/ (accessed December 8, 2013)."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b9","unstructured":"Raddick, M.\n , \n Georgia, B.\n , \n Gay, P.L.\n , \n Chris, J.L.\n , \n Phil, M.\n , \n Kevin, S.\n , \n Alexander, S.S.\n and \n Jan, V.\n (2010), \u201cGalaxy zoo: exploring the motivations of citizen science volunteers\u201d, Astronomy Education Review, Vol. 9 No. 1, pp. 010103-1-010103-18."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b10","unstructured":"Shirky, C.\n (2005), \u201cOntology is overrated: categories, links, and tags\u201d, available at: www.shirky.com\/writings\/ontology_overrated.html (accessed December 8, 2013)."},{"key":"key2020123104175491000_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stvilia, B.\n and \n J\u00f6rgensen, C.\n (2009), \u201cUser-generated collection-level metadata in an online photo-sharing system\u201d, Library & Information Science Research, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 54-65.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lisr.2008.06.006"}],"container-title":["Library Hi Tech"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/LHT-11-2013-0150","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/LHT-11-2013-0150\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/LHT-11-2013-0150\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:15:22Z","timestamp":1753395322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/lht\/article\/32\/2\/249-259\/259158"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/LHT-11-2013-0150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/lht-11-2013-0150","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-8831"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0737-8831"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]]}}}