{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:32:35Z","timestamp":1754155955463,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]],"date-time":"2017-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489968000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["LHT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Early Modern emblem books are primary sources for scholars studying the European Renaissance. Linked Open Data (LOD) is an approach for organizing and modeling information in a data-centric manner compatible with the emerging Semantic Web. The purpose of this paper is to examine ways in which LOD methods can be applied to facilitate emblem resource discovery, better reveal the structure and connectedness of digitized emblem resources, and enhance scholar interactions with digitized emblem resources.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This research encompasses an analysis of the existing XML-based Spine (emblem-specific) metadata schema; the design of a new, domain-specific, Resource Description Framework compatible ontology; the mapping and transformation of metadata from Spine to both the new ontology and (separately) to the pre-existing Schema.org ontology; and the (experimental) modification of the Emblematica Online portal as a proof of concept to illustrate enhancements supported by LOD.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>LOD is viable as an approach for facilitating discovery and enhancing the value to scholars of digitized emblem books; however, metadata must first be enriched with additional uniform resource identifiers and the workflow upgrades required to normalize and transform existing emblem metadata are substantial and still to be fully worked out.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The research described demonstrates the feasibility of transforming existing, special collections metadata to LOD. Although considerable work and further study will be required, preliminary findings suggest potential benefits of LOD for both users and libraries.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This research is unique in the context of emblem studies and adds to the emerging body of work examining the application of LOD best practices to library special collections.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/lht-11-2016-0126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T04:52:14Z","timestamp":1489726334000},"page":"159-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Using linked open data to enhance the discoverability, functionality and impact of Emblematica Online"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5906-4581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy W.","family":"Cole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Myung-Ja K.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Janina Sarol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Biel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9292-5673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Maus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020120813134673200_ref001","unstructured":"Berners-Lee, T. (2006\/2009), \u201cLinked Data\u201d, available at: www.w3.org\/DesignIssues\/LinkedData.html (accessed October 31, 2016)."},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020120813134673200_ref002","first-page":"29","article-title":"The Semantic Web","volume":"284","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scientific American"},{"first-page":"5","volume-title":"Digitizing the European Emblem: Issues and Prospects","year":"2002","key":"key2020120813134673200_ref003"},{"volume-title":"Emblemata: Handbuch zur Sinnbildkunst des XVI. und XVII. Jahrhunderts","year":"1967\/1998","key":"key2020120813134673200_ref004"},{"key":"key2020120813134673200_ref005","unstructured":"Rawles, St. (2004), \u201cA spine of information headings for emblem-related electronic resources\u201d, in Wade, M. (Ed.), Digital Collections and the Management of Knowledge: Renaissance Emblem Literature as a Case Study for the Digitization of Rare Texts and Images, DigiCULT, Salzburg, pp. 19-28."},{"key":"key2020120813134673200_ref006","unstructured":"St\u00e4cker, T. (2012), \u201cPractical issues of the Wolfenb\u00fcttel emblem schema\u201d, in Wade, M. (Ed.), Emblem Digitization: Conducting Digital Research with Renaissance Texts and Images, Early Modern Literary Studies, No. 20, available at: http:\/\/purl.oclc.org\/emls\/si-20\/WADE_Staecker_EMLS_Schema.htm (accessed October 31, 2016)."},{"key":"key2020120813134673200_ref101","unstructured":"Walsh, N., Milowski, A. and Thompson, H. (2010), \u201cXProc: An XML Pipeline Language\u201d, available at: www.w3.org\/TR\/xproc\/ (accessed February 16, 2017)."},{"issue":"2-3","key":"key2020120813134673200_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/19386389.2013.826074","article-title":"Library MARC records into linked open data: challenges and opportunities","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Library Metadata"},{"year":"2002","key":"key2020120813134673200_ref008","article-title":"Multivalence and multifunctionality of the emblem"},{"key":"key2020120813134673200_ref009","unstructured":"Wade, M. (2004), \u201cToward an emblem portal: local and global portal construction\u201d, in Wade, M. (Ed.), Digital Collections and the Management of Knowledge: Renaissance Emblem Literature as a Case Study for the Digitization of Rare Texts and Images, DigiCULT, Salzburg, pp. 115-120."},{"key":"key2020120813134673200_ref010","unstructured":"Wade, M. (2012), \u201cEmblem digitization: conducting digital research with renaissance texts and images\u201d, in Wade, M. (Ed.), Emblem Digitization: Conducting Digital Research with Renaissance Texts and Images, Early Modern Literary Studies, No. 20, available at: http:\/\/extra.shu.ac.uk\/emls\/si-20\/si-20toc.htm (accessed October 31, 2016)."}],"container-title":["Library Hi Tech"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/LHT-11-2016-0126\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/LHT-11-2016-0126\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:15:23Z","timestamp":1753395323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/lht\/article\/35\/1\/159-178\/259733"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/LHT-11-2016-0126"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/lht-11-2016-0126","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-8831"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0737-8831"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]]}}}