{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T21:42:06Z","timestamp":1776634926772,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["LHT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This research aims to discover the relationship between social media usage (SMU) and the critical thinking ability (CTA) of university students, and to answer the question that whether social media dependence (SMD) affects the development of CTA, and thus providing a reference for the social media access strategy of academic libraries from the perspective of media information literacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The research data were collected via 300 valid questionnaires whose respondents are students from three universities in China. Multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the respondents, which guarantees statistical representativeness. A pre-test was conducted to ensure the validity of the questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is shown that the total score of CTA and the six sub-dimensions are significantly positively correlated with SMU, but strongly negatively correlated with SMD. Based on the mediating effect testing, it is discovered that the degree of SMD can affect the promoting relations between the usage intensity of social media (UISM) and CTA. Clearly, SMU is a double-edged sword. While it narrows the digital gap in terms of accessibility, it widens the digital gap in terms of usage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The differences in SMU have a significant impact on the development of CTA of university students. This inspires us to consider the ability of \u201cusing social media in a balanced way\u201d as an important evaluation and training direction when inquiring media literacy. As social media is becoming a critical channel in cultivating individual's thinking skills, it is highly suggested that the amount of time spent on reading fragmented information on the internet should be controlled.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/lht-11-2021-0393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T00:52:02Z","timestamp":1660006322000},"page":"642-669","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Impact of social media use on critical thinking ability of university students"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4856-6700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9132-4219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gege","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1222-9649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0179-1161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2488-677X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingxuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-015-0056-9","article-title":"Online social network site addiction: a comprehensive review","volume":"2","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Addiction Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/10408340500526766","article-title":"The correlation coefficient: an overview","volume":"36","year":"2006","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.10.147","article-title":"Relations between self-leadership and critical thinking skills","volume":"207","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator\u2013mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref004","unstructured":"Bauerlein, M. (2011), The Digital Divide: Arguments for and Against Facebook, Google, Texting, and the Age of Social Networking, Penguin, New York, NY."},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref005","first-page":"197","article-title":"The disposition to think critically among community college students: the California critical thinking dispositions inventory","volume":"45","year":"1996","journal-title":"The Journal of General Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2005.8.39","article-title":"Psychological predictors of problem mobile phone use","volume":"8","year":"2005","journal-title":"CyberPsychology and Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref007","first-page":"5","article-title":"The use of asynchronous discussion: creating a text of talk","volume":"5","year":"2005","journal-title":"Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education"},{"issue":"mar","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref008","first-page":"148","article-title":"Too much facebook? An exploratory examination of social media fatigue","volume":"44","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2009.08.003","article-title":"No natives here: a focus group study of student perceptions of Web 2.0 and the academic library","volume":"35","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.03.023","article-title":"Excessive use of mobile social networking sites and poor academic performance: antecedents and consequences from stressor-strain-outcome perspective","volume":"85","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2010.11.001","article-title":"Epistemic beliefs and critical thinking of Chinese students","volume":"21","year":"2011","journal-title":"Learning and Individual Differences"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref012","volume-title":"The Relationship Bwtween Use of Socialnetwork Sites and Individual Social Capital (Unpublished Master Dissertation)","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.07.028","article-title":"Online social networks: why do students use Facebook?","volume":"27","year":"2011","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1080\/19322909.2014.873663","article-title":"Are social media ubiquitous in academic libraries? A longitudinal study of adoption and usage patterns","volume":"8","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Web Librarianship"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/07317130802260735","article-title":"Library 2.0 at a small campus library","volume":"26","year":"2009","journal-title":"Technical Services Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289289","article-title":"Test \u201creliability\u201d: its meaning and determination","volume":"12","year":"1947","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref017","article-title":"The relationship of academic achievement between critical thinking and associated dispositions: a canonical correlation analysis","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref018","first-page":"18","article-title":"Facebook groups as a supporting tool for language classrooms","volume":"15","year":"2014","journal-title":"TurkishOnline Journal of Distance Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref019","article-title":"The benefits of Facebook \u201cfriends\u201d: exploring the relationship between college students' use of online social networks and social capital","volume":"12","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref020","article-title":"The California critical thinking skills test--college level","year":"1990"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref021","volume-title":"Critical Thinking Assessment in Nursing Education Programs: AnAggregate Data-Analysis","year":"1997"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref022","volume-title":"The California Critical Thinking Disposition inventory (CCTDI)","year":"1992"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref107","volume-title":"California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory User Manual","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-008-0109-6","article-title":"A general model for testing mediation and moderation effects","volume":"10","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref025","volume-title":"Discovering Statistics Using SPSS (And Sex and Drugs and Rock \u201cN\u201d Roll)","year":"2012"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2017.06.002","article-title":"A meta-analysis on critical thinking and community college student achievement","volume":"26","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thinking Skills and Creativity"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref027","article-title":"Knowledge management and social media: a case study of two public libraries in Canada","volume":"12","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Information and Knowledge Management"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref028","article-title":"Learning strategies, motivation, and self-reported academic outcomes of students enrolled in web-based coursework","year":"2008"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref029","volume-title":"Research Methods in Business Studies : A Practical Guide","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1353\/jge.2001.0004","article-title":"A look across four years at the disposition toward critical thinking among undergraduate students","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of General Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref031","first-page":"41","article-title":"Web 2.0 applications in top Chinese university libraries","volume":"28","year":"2009","journal-title":"Library Hi Tech"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref032","article-title":"Impact of social media usage on academic performance of university students","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref033","volume-title":"Reasoning and Writing: From Critical Thinking to Composition","year":"2005","edition":"3rd."},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref034","first-page":"599","article-title":"Toward terminological, conceptual, and statisticalclarity in the study of mediators and moderators: examples from the child-clinical and pediatric psychology literature","volume":"4","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref035","article-title":"Social media addiction: its impact, mediation, and intervention","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref036","volume-title":"Social Media Generation in Urban China","year":"2014"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref037","first-page":"2578","article-title":"General self-efficacy mediates the effect of family socioeconomic status on critical thinking in Chinese medical students","volume":"9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref038","first-page":"57","article-title":"The use of SMS in promoting inquisitiveness among distance","volume":"21","year":"2019","journal-title":"Learners"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.5860\/crl-88r1","article-title":"Facebook as a library tool: perceived vs Actual use","volume":"72","year":"2011","journal-title":"College and Research Libraries"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030277","article-title":"Development and validation of a social media use integration scale","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychology of Popular Media Culture"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.02.008","article-title":"Does micro-blogging make us \u201cshallow\u201d? Sharing information online interferes with information comprehension","volume":"59","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref042","first-page":"101","article-title":"Psychological traits and behaviors regarding smartphone use from media dependency perspective: a comparative study of college students in China and Singapore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journalism Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.9167","article-title":"Using demographic variables to predict graduating university students' critical thinking disposition","volume":"48","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref044","article-title":"Developing critical thinking skills in students: perceptions and practices of lecturers from a Tanzanian University","year":"2018"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref045","article-title":"The critical thinking skills of prospective teachers: investigating their systematicity, self-confidence and scepticism","volume":"37","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thinking Skills and Creativity"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref046","first-page":"546","article-title":"Changing the conversation: facebook as a venue for online class discussion in higher education","volume":"9","year":"2013","journal-title":"MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref047","first-page":"2340","article-title":"Enacted social support on social media and subjective well-being","volume":"8","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.03.024","article-title":"Facebook\u00ae and academic performance","volume":"26","year":"2010","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018768612002","article-title":"Do computers enhance or detract from student learning?","volume":"42","year":"2001","journal-title":"Research in Higher Education"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref050","first-page":"012025","article-title":"The use of Facebook and WhatsApp application in learning process of physics to train students' critical thinking skills","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref051","first-page":"40","article-title":"Critical thinking: a literature review","volume":"6","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pearson's Research Reports"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.11.043","article-title":"Effects of social media usage and social media multitasking on the academic performance of university students","volume":"68","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref053","first-page":"319","article-title":"The relationship among smartphone addiction, emotional intelligence, critical thinking disposition and communication","volume":"15","year":"2017","journal-title":"Skill for Nursing Students"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref054","article-title":"The relationship between cell phone use and academic performance in a sample of US college students","volume":"5","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sage Open"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref055","unstructured":"Leung, L. (2008), \u201cLeisure boredom, sensation seeking, self-esteem, addiction: symptoms and patterns of cell phone use\u201d, in Mediated Interpersonal Communications, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp.\u00a0359-381."},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref056","first-page":"221","article-title":"The associations between social-media use and academic performance among undergraduate students in biology","volume":"1-10","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref057","first-page":"276","article-title":"Theoretical and methodological differentiation of moderation and mediation","volume":"42","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nursing Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1108\/07378830810920950","article-title":"A survey of the application of Web 2.0 in Australasian academic libraries","volume":"26","year":"2008","journal-title":"Library Hi Tech"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref059","first-page":"124","article-title":"Social media dependence and media demand: a case study of college students' microblog dependence","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journalism Bimonthly"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref060","article-title":"Why are you running away from social media?\u201d Analysis of the factors influencing social media fatigue: an empirical data study based on Chinese youth","volume":"12","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"12","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref061","first-page":"1","article-title":"The second digital divide faced by China: a study of influencing factors: an empirical analysis from the perspective of social capital","volume":"42","year":"2020","journal-title":"Modern Communication (Journal of Communication University of China)"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref062","first-page":"1","article-title":"Students\u2019 and teachers\u2019 critical thinking in science education: are they related to each other and with physics achievement?","volume":"6","year":"2021","journal-title":"Research in Science and Technological Education"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref063","article-title":"Correlates of social media fatigue and academic performance decrement: a large cross-sectional study","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information Technology and People"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.02.087","article-title":"Exploring students\u2019 purposes of usage and educational usage of Facebook","volume":"60","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref064","first-page":"241","article-title":"Looking for critical thinking in online threaded discussions","volume":"35","year":"2006-2007","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Technology Systems"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Menichelli, M. and Braccini, A.M. (2020), \u201cMillennials, information assessment, and social media: an exploratory study on the assessment of critical thinking habits\u201d, in Exploring Digital Ecosystems, Springer, Cham, pp.\u00a085-97.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23665-6_7"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref066","article-title":"Priming effects of social media use scales on well-being outcomes: the influence of intensity and addiction scales on self-reported depression","volume":"6","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social Media+ Society"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref067","first-page":"353","article-title":"Purposely teaching for the promotion of higher-order thinking skills: a case of critical thinking","volume":"37","year":"2007","journal-title":"Research in Ence Education"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref108","year":"2014"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref069","article-title":"Impact of social media on students' academic performance. A study of students of university of Abuja","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref070","first-page":"1","article-title":"Facebook addiction and its association with academic performance","volume":"3","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref071","first-page":"253","article-title":"Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution, III: regression, heredity and panmixia","volume":"187","year":"1896","journal-title":"Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref072","first-page":"20","article-title":"Connection and anti-connection: the swing of Internet rules","volume":"41","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Journalism and Communication"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref073","first-page":"644","article-title":"A study on reliability and validity of critical thinking ability measurement scale","volume":"39","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref074","first-page":"1","article-title":"Curiosity and pleasure","year":"2010"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref075","volume-title":"Online Technologies Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulated Learning, and Experiential Variables as Predictors of Final Grade and Satisfaction in College-Level Online Courses","year":"2006"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref076","first-page":"5","article-title":"The governance logic of algorithmic society","volume":"22","year":"2019","journal-title":"ECUPL Journal"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref077","first-page":"431","article-title":"Characteristics of social network fatigue","year":"2013"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.12.045","article-title":"Relationships among smartphone addiction, stress, academic performance, and satisfaction with life","volume":"57","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/17439880902923622","article-title":"Faceworking: exploring students' education-related use of Facebook","volume":"34","year":"2009","journal-title":"Learning, Media and Technology"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anr.2015.10.004","article-title":"Validation of Yoon's critical thinking disposition instrument","volume":"9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Nursing Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1097\/jnr.0000000000000307","article-title":"The relationship between critical thinking skills and learning styles and academic achievement of nursing students","volume":"27","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of Nursing Research"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref082","article-title":"Motivational and cognitive learning strategies as predictors of academic success in economically disadvantaged community college students","year":"2009"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2016.11.007","article-title":"Development of the critical thinking toolkit (critt): a measure of student attitudes and beliefs about critical thinking","volume":"23","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thinking Skills and Creativity"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref084","first-page":"130","article-title":"Online group investigation by using facebook to improve students critical thinking on geography subjects","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.21315\/apjee2020.35.1.9","article-title":"Social media addiction, critical thinking and achievement emotions among EFL students in Thailand","volume":"35","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref086","article-title":"To question or not to question: the effects of two teaching approaches on students' thinking dispositions, critical thinking skills, and course grades in a critical thinking course","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2006.07.005","article-title":"The correlates of the digital divide and their impact on college student learning","volume":"50","year":"2008","journal-title":"Computers and Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref088","first-page":"547","article-title":"A comparison of the effects of problem-based learning and lecturing on the development of students' critical thinking","volume":"40","year":"2010","journal-title":"Medical Education"},{"issue":"185","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref089","first-page":"251","article-title":"A model of decision-making based on critical thinking","volume":"41","year":"2016","journal-title":"Egitim Ve Bilim"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01474.x","article-title":"Is there social capital in a social network site?: facebook use and college students' life satisfaction, trust, and participation","volume":"14","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/01972240309487","article-title":"The digital divide as a complex and dynamic phenomenon","volume":"19","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Information Society"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2012.05.001","article-title":"A dynamic longitudinal examination of social media use, needs, and gratifications among college students","volume":"28","year":"2012","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"10","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2010.05282.x","article-title":"Critical thinking dispositions among newly graduated nurses","volume":"66","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref094","volume-title":"The Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal","year":"1980"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref095","first-page":"43","article-title":"The third digital divide: the knowledge gap on the Internet","volume":"13","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journalism and Communication"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref096","article-title":"Impact of mind mapping on the critical thinking ability of clinical nursing students and teaching application","volume":"48","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of International Medical Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref097","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2009.04.003","article-title":"The academic library meets Web 2.0: applications and implications","volume":"35","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref098","article-title":"Relationship between social media activities and thinking styles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Marketing Intelligence and Planning"},{"issue":"7","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref099","first-page":"21","article-title":"A study on the influencing factors of social media fatigue in youth groups from the perspective of role stress: taking wechat moments as an example","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journalism and Mass Communication Monthly"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6017\/ital.v34i1.5625","article-title":"Building library community through social media","volume":"34","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Technology and Libraries"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref101","first-page":"21","article-title":"An instrument for measuring critical thinking for LIS research and practice: feasibility test of CTDI-CV simplification","volume-title":", Library and Information","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2024052318163340700_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anr.2017.07.002","article-title":"The effects of reflective training on the disposition of critical thinking for nursing students in China: a controlled trial","volume":"11","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Nursing Research"},{"key":"key2024052318163340700_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24269","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2968960","article-title":"Patterns of critical thinking processing in online reciprocal peer tutoring through Facebook discussion","volume":"8","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"}],"container-title":["Library Hi Tech"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/LHT-11-2021-0393\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/LHT-11-2021-0393\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:15:30Z","timestamp":1753395330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/lht\/article\/42\/2\/642-669\/1230740"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/LHT-11-2021-0393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/lht-11-2021-0393","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-8831"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-8831","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]}}}