{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T08:17:27Z","timestamp":1776759447558,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OIR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review on electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) credibility. Further, the authors propose a comprehensive and integrated model on eWOM credibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors conducted a systematic review of the extant literature on marketing, sociology and psychology to identify the factors that affect eWOM credibility. Further, the authors developed themes and identified factors which lead to eWOM credibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four factors were identified, i.e. content, communicator, context and consumer, which affect eWOM credibility. Several variables associated with these four factors were identified, which result in eWOM credibility. Further, the authors developed 22 propositions to explain the causal relationship between these variables and eWOM credibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Research limitations\/implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The conceptual model needs empirical validation across various eWOM platforms, i.e. social networking websites, e-commerce websites, etc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Practical implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Managers and e-commerce vendors can use these inputs to develop specific design elements and assessment tools which can help consumers to identify credible eWOM messages. Credible eWOM messages, in turn, will increase the \u201ctrust\u201d and \u201cloyalty\u201d of the customers on e-commerce vendors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper provides a conclusive takeaway of eWOM credibility literature by integrating multiple perspectives and arguments from the extant literature. This study also presents an integrated model, which provides a theoretical framework for researchers to further examine the interaction effect of various variables, which results in eWOM credibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Peer review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The peer review history for this article is available at:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/publons.com\/publon\/10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\">https:\/\/publons.com\/publon\/10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/oir-06-2020-0263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,20]],"date-time":"2020-12-20T20:29:20Z","timestamp":1608496160000},"page":"481-500","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["eWOM credibility: a comprehensive framework and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Deepak","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prem Prakash","family":"Dewani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-08-2014-0177","article-title":"What's app: a social capital perspective","volume":"39","year":"2015","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref002","first-page":"37","article-title":"Analyzing the credibility of eword-of-mouth using customer reviews on social media","volume":"4","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Advances in Humanities and Social Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01448.x","article-title":"Blogs of information: how gender cues and individual motivations influence perceptions of credibility","volume":"14","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1108\/MIP-03-2014-0044","article-title":"The effects of review valence in organic versus sponsored blog sites on perceived credibility, brand attitude, and behavioural intentions","volume":"33","year":"2015","journal-title":"Marketing Intelligence and Planning"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.5.4.323","article-title":"Bad is stronger than good","volume":"5","year":"2001","journal-title":"Review of General Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref006","first-page":"99","article-title":"Some explorations in initial interaction and beyond: toward a developmental theory of interpersonal communication","volume":"1","year":"1974","journal-title":"Human Communication Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-2963(94)00047-I","article-title":"Word-of-mouth effects on short-term and long-term product judgments","volume":"32","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref008","first-page":"213","volume-title":"The Impact of Different Channel of Online Review on Consumers' Online Trust","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1080\/15252019.2014.909296","article-title":"The effect of disclosure of third-party influence on an opinion leader's credibility and electronic word of mouth in two-step flow","volume":"14","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Advertising"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3465","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCHM-11-2018-0928","article-title":"Perceived credibility of online hotel reviews and its impact on hotel booking intentions","volume":"31","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1108\/MRR-06-2017-0173","article-title":"Credibility of online reviews and its impact on brand image","volume":"41","year":"2018","journal-title":"Management Research Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-07-2015-0225","article-title":"Can two-sided messages increase the helpfulness of online reviews?","volume":"40","year":"2016","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref013","first-page":"1","article-title":"Empirical study on credibility of electronic word of mouth","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.06.008","article-title":"The impact of electronic word-of-mouth communication: a literature analysis and integrative model","volume":"54","year":"2012","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415130402","article-title":"Credibility of electronic word-of-mouth: informational and normative determinants of on-line consumer recommendations","volume":"13","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"8","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00305","article-title":"Is this review believable? A study of factors affecting the credibility of online consumer reviews from an ELM perspective","volume":"13","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"9","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2012.0364","article-title":"Investigating electronic word-of-mouth effects on online discussion forums: the role of perceived positive electronic word-of-mouth review credibility","volume":"16","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-02-2012-0014","article-title":"How negative online information affects consumers' brand evaluation: the moderating effects of brand attachment and source credibility","volume":"37","year":"2013","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-06-2017-0197","article-title":"The credibility and attribution of online reviews: differences between high and low product knowledge consumers","volume":"42","year":"2018","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/08911762.2011.592461","article-title":"Electronic word-of-mouth in social networking sites: a cross-cultural study of the United States and China","volume":"24","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Global Marketing"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2501\/IJA-30-1-047-075","article-title":"Determinants of consumer engagement in electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in social networking sites","volume":"30","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Advertising"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1086\/466756","article-title":"Free competition and the optimal amount of fraud","volume":"16","year":"1973","journal-title":"The Journal of Law and Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1037\/h0046408","article-title":"A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment","volume":"51","year":"1955","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2008.0109","article-title":"How consumers evaluate eWOM (electronic word-of-mouth) messages","volume":"12","year":"2009","journal-title":"CyberPsychology and Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415180303","article-title":"Beyond the credibility of electronic word of mouth: exploring eWOM adoption on social networking sites from affective and curiosity perspectives","volume":"18","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1080\/02650487.2016.1256014","article-title":"On electronic word-of-mouth diffusion in social networks: curiosity and influence","volume":"37","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Advertising"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1086\/225469","article-title":"The strength of weak ties","volume":"78","year":"1973","journal-title":"American Journal of Sociology"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1086\/209388","article-title":"The moderating effects of message framing and source credibility on the price-perceived risk relationship","volume":"21","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-05-2017-0158","article-title":"Consumer engagement with eWOM on social media: the role of social capital","volume":"42","year":"2018","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-02-2016-0042","article-title":"Reciprocal nature of social capital in Facebook: an analysis of tagging activity","volume":"41","year":"2017","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/dir.10073","article-title":"Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: what motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the internet?","volume":"18","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Marketing"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2017.03.007","article-title":"Don't believe strangers: online consumer reviews and the role of social psychological distance","volume":"55","year":"2018","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1086\/208570","article-title":"Effects of word-of-mouth and product-attribute information on persuasion: an accessibility-diagnosticity perspective","volume":"17","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Research"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref034","first-page":"V1-395","article-title":"Influence of message trust in online word-of-mouth on consumer behavior \u2013 by the example of food blog","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.7903\/ijecs.1377","article-title":"The effects of consumer-generated media ON Vietnamese travelers' decision making - mediation analysis of perceived credibility and trust","volume":"6","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/00208825.1980.11656300","article-title":"Culture and organizations","volume":"10","year":"1980","journal-title":"International Studies of Management and Organization"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1177\/0022002184015004003","article-title":"Hofstede's culture dimensions: an independent validation using Rokeach's value survey","volume":"15","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1086\/266350","article-title":"The influence of source credibility on communication effectiveness","volume":"15","year":"1951","journal-title":"Public Opinion Quarterly"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref039","volume-title":"Communication and Persuasion","year":"1953"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-07-2015-0313","article-title":"Investigating community members' eWOM effects in Facebook fan page","volume":"116","year":"2016","journal-title":"Industrial Management and Data Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2013.01.006","article-title":"Distance matters: exploring proximity and homophily in virtual world networks","volume":"55","year":"2013","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.04.026","article-title":"\u201cThis is a sponsored blog post, but all opinions are my own\u201d: the effects of sponsorship disclosure on responses to sponsored blog posts","volume":"62","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref043","volume-title":"Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) in the Marketing Context","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2019.01.005","article-title":"The effect of characteristics of source credibility on consumer behaviour: a meta-analysis","volume":"53","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222300109","article-title":"Credibility of anonymous online product reviews: a language expectancy perspective","volume":"30","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1037\/h0034225","article-title":"The processes of causal attribution","volume":"28","year":"1973","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1086\/266996","article-title":"Processes of opinion change","volume":"25","year":"1961","journal-title":"Public Opinion Quarterly"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1300\/J037v11n02_04","article-title":"Interpersonal communication and personal influence on the internet: a framework for examining online word-of-mouth","volume":"11","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Euromarketing"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1002\/mar.20204","article-title":"The effects of visual and verbal information on attitudes and purchase intentions in internet shopping","volume":"25","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychology and Marketing"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2014.02.001","article-title":"What we know and don't know about online word-of-mouth: a review and synthesis of the literature","volume":"28","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Marketing"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1086\/267457","article-title":"The measurement of advertising involvement","volume":"30","year":"1966","journal-title":"Public Opinion Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/1356766712449365","article-title":"Credibility of online reviews and initial trust: the roles of reviewer's identity and review valence","volume":"18","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Vacation Marketing"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2012.05.018","article-title":"Effects of attribute and valence of e-WOM on message adoption: moderating roles of subjective knowledge and regulatory focus","volume":"28","year":"2012","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.050","article-title":"When do consumers buy online product reviews? Effects of review quality, product type, and reviewer's photo","volume":"31","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.2501\/S0265048709200709","article-title":"Electronic word of mouth (eWOM): how eWOM platforms influence consumer product judgement","volume":"28","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Advertising"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1108\/10662241111123766","article-title":"The different effects of online consumer reviews on consumers' purchase intentions depending on trust in online shopping malls: an advertising perspective","volume":"21","year":"2011","journal-title":"Internet Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.2501\/JAR-55-1-095-109","article-title":"How credible is e-word of mouth across digital-marketing channels?: the roles of social capital, information richness, and interactivity","volume":"55","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Advertising Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1108\/17505931211241341","article-title":"The effects of visual information in eWOM communication","volume":"6","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-013-0261-9","article-title":"In eWOM we trust: a framework of factors that determine the eWOM credibility","volume":"5","year":"2013","journal-title":"Business and Information Systems Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCHM-10-2017-0671","article-title":"What makes hotel online reviews credible?: an investigation of the roles of reviewer expertise, review rating consistency and review valence","volume":"31","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.02.007","article-title":"Consumer attitudes toward blogger's sponsored recommendations and purchase intention: the effect of sponsorship type, product type, and brand awareness","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2013.05.005","article-title":"Impact of informational factors on online recommendation credibility: the moderating role of source credibility","volume":"56","year":"2013","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2014.04.001","article-title":"The effects of individualism\u2013collectivism cultural orientation on eWOM information","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2014.12.008","article-title":"Examining the moderating role of sense of membership in online review evaluations","volume":"52","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref065","first-page":"18","article-title":"Electronic word-of-mouth on microblogs: a cross-cultural content analysis of Twitter and Weibo","volume":"22","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intercultural Communication Studies"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref066","article-title":"When is a star not always a star? When it's an online review","year":"2019","journal-title":"The New York Times"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1086\/208756","article-title":"The attribution process in consumer decision making","volume":"6","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/13527266.2014.969756","article-title":"eWOM credibility on social networking sites: a framework","volume":"23","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Communications"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref069","first-page":"441","article-title":"Tweeting is believing?: understanding microblog credibility perceptions","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1086\/259630","article-title":"Information and consumer behavior","volume":"78","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref071","unstructured":"Nielsen (2015), \u201cGlobal trust in advertising \u2013 2015\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.nielsen.com\/us\/en\/insights\/report\/2015\/global-trust-in-advertising-2015 (accessed 27 June 2020)."},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.1990.10673191","article-title":"Construction and validation of a scale to measure celebrity endorsers' perceived expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness","volume":"19","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Advertising"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2011.01.002","article-title":"How much can you trust online information? Cues for perceived trustworthiness of consumer-generated online information","volume":"25","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Marketing"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2007.11.004","article-title":"eWOM overload and its effect on consumer behavioral intention depending on consumer involvement","volume":"7","year":"2008","journal-title":"Electronic Commerce Research and Applications"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2753\/JEC1086-4415110405","article-title":"The effect of on-line consumer reviews on consumer purchasing intention: the moderating role of involvement","volume":"11","year":"2007","journal-title":"International Journal of Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/13527266.2015.1005115","article-title":"Exploring effects of source similarity, message valence, and receiver regulatory focus on yelp review persuasiveness and purchase intentions","volume":"24","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Communications"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petty, R.E. and Cacioppo, J.T. (1986), \u201cThe elaboration likelihood model of persuasion\u201d, in Petty, R.E. and Cacioppo, J.T. (Eds), Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change, Springer, New York, NY, pp. 1-24.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-4964-1_1"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02547.x","article-title":"The persuasiveness of source credibility: a critical review of five decades' evidence","volume":"34","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref079","volume-title":"Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2019.1628936","article-title":"Factors affecting the adoption of an electronic word of mouth message: a meta-analysis","volume":"36","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.08.020","article-title":"Effects of conflicting aggregated rating on eWOM review credibility and diagnosticity: the moderating role of review valence","volume":"54","year":"2012","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1086\/267838","article-title":"Homophily-heterophily: relational concepts for communication research","volume":"34","year":"1970","journal-title":"Public Opinion Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1108\/14684521111161918","article-title":"The influence of belonging to virtual brand communities on consumers' affective commitment, satisfaction and word\u2010of\u2010mouth advertising: the ZARA case","volume":"35","year":"2011","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-02-2016-0039","article-title":"E-tailer website attributes and trust: understanding the role of online reviews","volume":"42","year":"2018","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref085","first-page":"435","article-title":"Factors influencing Generation Y consumers' perceptions of eWOM credibility: a study of the fast-food industry","volume":"26","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Review of Retail Distribution and Consumer Research"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.10.013","article-title":"How credible are online product reviews? The effects of self-generated and system-generated cues on source credibility evaluation","volume":"55","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.2307\/20650306","article-title":"Web strategies to promote internet shopping: is cultural-customization needed?","volume":"33","year":"2009","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref088","unstructured":"Statista (2020), \u201cGlobal retail e-commerce market size 2014-2023\u201d, available at: https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/379046\/worldwide-retail-e-commerce-sales\/ (accessed 27 June 2020)."},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref089","first-page":"228","article-title":"Does paying for online product reviews pay off? The effects of monetary incentives on consumers' product evaluations","volume":"40","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACR North American Advances"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-09-2016-0254","article-title":"Investigation of electronic-word-of-mouth on online social networking sites written by authors with commercial interest","volume":"43","year":"2019","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/08874417.2016.1181501","article-title":"Persuasive electronic word-of-mouth messages in social media","volume":"57","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref092","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determinants of online review credibility and its impact on consumers' purchase intention","volume":"20","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Electronic Commerce Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref093","first-page":"238","article-title":"Examining the influence of customer-to-customer electronic word-of-mouth on purchase intention in social networking sites","volume":"24","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Management Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s10660-015-9198-z","article-title":"eWOM persuasiveness: do eWOM platforms and product type matter?","volume":"15","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electronic Commerce Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1108\/AJIM-04-2018-0080","article-title":"Ethics in social media marketing: how should sponsorship information be disclosed in online product reviews?","volume":"71","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aslib Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhm.2015.01.008","article-title":"Compliance with eWOM: the influence of hotel reviews on booking intention from the perspective of consumer conformity","volume":"46","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Hospitality Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1145\/301353.301402","article-title":"Credibility and computing technology","volume":"42","year":"1999","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1080\/08824096.2017.1286470","article-title":"(Re)Viewing reviews: effects of emotionality and valence on credibility perceptions in online consumer reviews","volume":"34","year":"2017","journal-title":"Communication Research Reports"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref099","first-page":"624","article-title":"Empirical study of the processes of Internet Word-of-Mouth within an online community context","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhm.2010.04.008","article-title":"Consumers' responses to ambivalent online hotel reviews: the role of perceived source credibility and pre-decisional disposition","volume":"30","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Hospitality Management"},{"key":"key2022092314480808900_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.01.027","article-title":"Should I trust him? The effects of reviewer profile characteristics on eWOM credibility","volume":"33","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/10919392.2018.1517479","article-title":"How differences in eWOM platforms impact consumers' perceptions and decision-making","volume":"28","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref103","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Experiential goods with network externalities effects: an empirical study of online rating system","volume":"63","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2022092314480808900_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-12-2016-0300","article-title":"Exploring the dual-role of cognitive heuristics and the moderating effect of gender in microblog information credibility evaluation","volume":"31","year":"2018","journal-title":"Information Technology and People"}],"container-title":["Online Information Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T22:43:19Z","timestamp":1753396999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/oir\/article\/45\/3\/481-500\/318533"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/oir-06-2020-0263","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1108\/OIR-06-2020-0263\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1468-4527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1468-4527","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]]}}}