{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T07:39:32Z","timestamp":1779262772105,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OIR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present paper uses Twitter to analyze the current state of the worldwide, Spanish-language, independent publishing market. The main purposes are to determine whether certain Latin American Spanish-language independent publishers function as gatekeepers of world literature and to analyze the geopolitical structure of this global market, addressing both the Europe-America dialectic and neocolonial practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After selecting the sample of publishers, the authors conducted a search for their Twitter profiles and located 131; they then downloaded data from the corresponding Twitter APIs. Finally, they applied social network analysis to study the presence of and interaction between the sample of independent publishers on this social media.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results provide data-based evidence supporting the hypothesis of some literary critics who suggest that in Latin America, certain publishers act as gatekeepers to the mainstream book market. Therefore, Twitter could be considered a valid source of information to address the independent book market in Spanish. By extension, this approach could be applied to other cultural industries in which small and medium-sized agents develop a digital presence in social media.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper combines social network analysis and literary criticism to provide new evidence about the Spanish-language book market. It helps validate the aforementioned hypothesis proposed by literary critics and opens up new paths along which to pursue an interpretative, comparative analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/oir-10-2019-0342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T02:19:38Z","timestamp":1602555578000},"page":"1387-1402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Independent publishers and social networks in the 21st century: the balance of power in the transatlantic Spanish-language book market"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Gallego-Cui\u00f1as","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2205-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Romero-Fr\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9437-8757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenceslao","family":"Arroyo-Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref001","article-title":"Gephi: an open source software for exploring and manipulating networks","year":"2009"},{"issue":"101","key":"key2020103115320703900_ref002","article-title":"Interest communities and flow roles in directed networks: the Twitter network of the UK riots","volume":"11","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of The Royal Society Interface, Royal Society"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref003","volume-title":"Art for Sale\u202f: A Candid View of the Art Market","year":"2011"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref004","volume-title":"Las Reglas Del Arte: G\u00e9nesis y Estructura Del Campo Literario","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020103115320703900_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/0759106312445697","article-title":"Social media censorship in times of political unrest - a social simulation experiment with the UK riots","volume":"115","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bulletin of Sociological Methodology\/Bulletin de M\u00e9thodologie Sociologique"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref006","volume-title":"Evoluci\u00f3n de Los Nuevos Modelos de Negocio En La Era Digital","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref007","volume-title":"Nuevos Modelos de Negocio En La Era Digital: M\u00e1s All\u00e1 de La Gratuidad En Internet","year":"2014"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref008","volume-title":"What Is World Literature?","year":"2003"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"key2020103115320703900_ref009","first-page":"514","article-title":"E-books in the global information economy","volume":"18","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Journal of Cultural Studies"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref010","volume-title":"La Otra Cara de Jano: Una Mirada Cr\u00edtica Sobre El Libro y La Edici\u00f3n","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref011","volume-title":"Exploratory Social Network Analysis with Pajek","year":"2005"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020103115320703900_ref012","first-page":"507","article-title":"Social networks and classification in literature","volume":"20","year":"1991","journal-title":"Poetics"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref013","volume-title":"Descolonizar El Saber, Reinventar El Poder","year":"2010"},{"key":"key2020103115320703900_ref014","volume-title":"Kafka, Por Una Literatura Menor","year":"1978"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020103115320703900_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-10-2015-0338","article-title":"Do women only talk about female issues? 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