{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T18:59:19Z","timestamp":1759777159502,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,7]],"date-time":"2007-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1186444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Laser milling is a non\u2010conventional layer\u2010by\u2010layer material removal technology suitable for machining a wide range of materials. This technology is particularly suitable to produce microstructures inside cavities, also obtained by other conventional processes, though with larger material removal rates, or for the direct development of microcavities not requiring high removal rates. This paper seeks to evaluate the capacity of laser milling for manufacturing of mould inserts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper examined several specific features of laser milling, important for the manufacturing of mould inserts, such as walls verticality, unselected illuminating areas, due to an incorrect STL removal volume definition, aspiration process and orientation, to prevent welding of re\u2010solidified particles on the surface. Two mould inserts were produced too, assembled on a metallic mould frame and tested with different injection conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings suggest that laser milling is a suitable technology to produce small mould insert for injection moulding, though injection conditions are different as one moves from macroscopic to microscopic injected parts. New design guidelines must be undertaken jointly with the assessment of laser milling performance to make mould microcavities. One of the major difficulties of this process is to keep the side walls vertical plus the generation of undesirable machined volumes, due to unselected illuminating areas below the STL volume, corresponding to the volume to be removed, whenever laser milling is used to operate with structures previously machined. To prevent welding of re\u2010solidified particles on the surface a proper aspiration must also be considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper describes the benefits of laser milling technology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/01445150710763259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,28]],"date-time":"2007-07-28T07:02:09Z","timestamp":1185606129000},"page":"231-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Laser micromachining for mould manufacturing: II. Manufacture and testing of mould inserts"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Vasco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"B\u00e1rtolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Galo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b1","unstructured":"Alves, N.F. (2006), \u201cNew image\u2010based system for reverse engineering applied to CAD\/CAM\/CAE and RP\/RT\u201d, unpublished PhD thesis, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Lisbon."},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alves, N.F. and B\u00e1rtolo, P.J. (2006), \u201cIntegrated computational tools for virtual and physical automatic construction\u201d, Automation in Construction, Vol. 15 No. 3.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2005.05.007"},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y.H., Ng, C.T. and Wang, Y.Z. (1999), \u201cGeneration of an STL file from 3D measurement data with user\u2010controlled data reduction\u201d, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology., Vol. 15, pp. 127\u201031.","DOI":"10.1007\/s001700050049"},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b4","unstructured":"Harrison, P.M., Henry, M. and Wendland, J. (2005), \u201cHigh speed processing applications of the high average power diode pumped solid state lasers\u201d, Proceedings of the Third International WLT Conference on Lasers in Manufacturing, Munich, Germany."},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Himmer, T., Techel, A., Nowotny, S. and Beyer, E. (2003), \u201cRecent developments in metal laminated tooling by multiple laser processing\u201d, Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 9, pp. 24\u20109.","DOI":"10.1108\/13552540310455629"},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page, D., Koschan, A., Voisin, S., Ali, N. and Abidi, M. (2005), \u201cCAD model generation of mechanical parts using coded\u2010pattern projection and laser triangulation systems\u201d, Assembly Automation, Vol. 25, pp. 230\u20108.","DOI":"10.1108\/01445150510610953"},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b7","unstructured":"Pham, D.T., Dimov, S.S., Petkov, P.V. and Dobrev, T. (2005), \u201cLaser milling for micro tooling\u201d, Working Paper: 030. CUIMRC Working Paper Series."},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saleh, B.E. and Teich, M.C. (1991) in Goodman, J.W. (Ed.), Fundamentals of Photonics. Wiley Series in Pure and Applied Optics, Wiley, New York, NY.","DOI":"10.1002\/0471213748"},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b9","unstructured":"Vasco, J. (2006), \u201cMicrofabrication applied to the microinjection process\u201d, MSc thesis, University of Minho, Braga."},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b10","unstructured":"Vasco, J., Andr\u00e9, N. and B\u00e1rtolo, P.J. (2005), \u201cMicro\u2010fabrication: the state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art\u201d, in B\u00e1rtolo, P.J. et al. (Eds), Virtual Modeling and Rapid Manufacturing, Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 483\u201090."},{"key":"key2022020919534887400_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vasco, J., B\u00e1rtolo, P.J., Silva, B. and Galo, C. (2006), \u201cLaser micromachining for mould manufacturing: I. The influence of operating parameters\u201d, Assembly Automation, Vol. 26 No. 3, pp. 227\u201034.","DOI":"10.1108\/01445150610679777"}],"container-title":["Assembly Automation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emeraldinsight.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1108\/01445150710763259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01445150710763259\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/01445150710763259\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:59:47Z","timestamp":1753401587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/ria\/article\/27\/3\/231-239\/4925"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"H.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,7]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/01445150710763259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/01445150710763259","relation":{},"ISSN":["0144-5154"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0144-5154"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,7]]}}}