{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T03:48:38Z","timestamp":1760586518563,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,6]],"date-time":"2010-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270512000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to analyse two parameters relevant to the physical\u2010mechanical performance of external renders, mainly, bulk density and apparent or open porosity, by performing laboratory tests on samples collected under real in\u2010service conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The test procedure (sample preparation and techniques used) and its relationship with the overall performance characteristics and with any anomalies are discussed for each parameter. The analysis of the results covers seven case studies and 15 walls with renders made on site (cementitious and cement\u2010lime based) and non\u2010traditional or pre\u2010mixed renders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>It was concluded that reliable relationships could be established between the test results and other physical parameters relevant to the mechanical and water\u2010related behaviour of different types of cementitious renders. Notwithstanding the usual drawbacks of laboratory tests (more time\u2010consuming, higher costs and greater destruction of the walls), the use of small samples and the additional data obtained in terms of in\u2010service performance justify the use of this type of test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-heading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>The originality of this approach comes from the advantage of conducting both laboratory tests (reliability and standardization) and <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> tests (testing real materials subjected to in\u2010service conditions). Current practice is either to test virgin materials in quasi\u2010perfect laboratory conditions (therefore far from reality) or to test materials on site using standard <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> techniques sensitive to subjectivity and in far from ideal environmental conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/02630801011040833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,10]],"date-time":"2010-04-10T07:04:49Z","timestamp":1270883089000},"page":"17-27","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["In\u2010service parameters from fa\u00e7ade rendering mortars"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Flores\u2010Colen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"de Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vasco","family":"Peixoto de Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021619481636400_b1","unstructured":"ASTM (2006), \u201cC 830 \u2013 Test methods for apparent porosity, liquid absorption, apparent specific gravity and bulk density of refractory shapes by vacuum pressure\u201d, ASTM Standard C830, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA."},{"key":"key2022021619481636400_b2","unstructured":"Begonha, A.J. (2001), \u201cMeteorization of granite and deterioration of stone in monuments and buildings in the city of Porto\u201d, PhD thesis in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of Porto, Porto."},{"key":"key2022021619481636400_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Branco, B. and de Brito, J. 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