{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T21:11:46Z","timestamp":1770239506824,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]],"date-time":"2000-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":949363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An interface finite element for three\u2010dimensional problems based on the penalty method is presented. The proposed element can model joints\/interfaces between solid finite elements and also includes the propagation of damage in pure mode I, pure mode II and mixed mode considering a softening relationship between the stresses and relative displacements. Two different contact conditions are considered: point\u2010to\u2010point constraint for closed points (not satisfying the failure criterion) and point\u2010to\u2010surface constraint for opened points. The performance of the element is tested under mode I, mode II and mixed mode loading conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1108\/02644400010308053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T02:07:04Z","timestamp":1027735624000},"page":"28-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Interface element including point\u2010to\u2010surface constraints for three\u2010dimensional problems with damage propagation"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"J.P.M.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.F.S.F.","family":"de Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.M.S.T.","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.T.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022021719474703100_b1","unstructured":"ABAQUS (1996), User\u2019s Manual \u2013 Version 5.6, Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen, Inc."},{"key":"key2022021719474703100_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allix, O. and Ladev\u00e8ze, P. 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