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The starting point of the work relies on the analysis of the subspace of incompressible deformations associated with the standard (displacement\u2010based) fully integrated and reduced integrated hexahedral elements. Prediction capabilities for both formulations are defined related to nearly\u2010incompressible problems and an enhanced strain approach is developed to improve the performance of the earlier formulation in this case. With the insight into volumetric locking gained and benefiting from a recently proposed enhanced transverse shear strain procedure for shell applications, a new element conjugating both the capabilities of efficient solid and shell formulations is obtained. Numerical results attest the robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach, when compared to solid and shell elements well\u2010established in the literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1108\/02644400310502036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,7]],"date-time":"2003-10-07T15:48:21Z","timestamp":1065541701000},"page":"896-925","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["A new volumetric and shear locking\u2010free 3D enhanced strain element"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"R.J.","family":"Alves de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.M.","family":"Natal Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.A.","family":"Fontes Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.M.A.","family":"C\u00e9sar de S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2022020820335207700_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmad, S., Irons, B.M. and Zienkiewicz, O.C. 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