{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T14:06:27Z","timestamp":1774533987902,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BPMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Robotic process automation (RPA) seeks to automate business processes, using software robots that interact with systems through their user interface, improving efficiency and reducing costs. However, some critical steps, such as identifying processes suitable for RPA automation, can have a tremendous impact in organizations if a wrong process is selected. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an approach for analyzing RPA development in business organizations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This research presents a cohesive literature review about RPA, in order to identify RPA main concepts, which should be reported and considered in all RPA case studies. A model connecting the main elicited RPA concepts is presented as well as its evaluation and applicability grounded of past RPA case study (CS) analysis, using design science research.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The results from this research show that most of the RPA main concepts gathered in the literature review are not reported in the selected RPA CSs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>As RPA is a recent topic, literature lacks a synthetization of RPA main topics. This research aims to fill the gap on that, by identifying and synthesize the main topics related to RPA and proposing a model that connects the main RPA concepts, which can be used by researchers as a schema for conducting and writing RPA case studies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/bpmj-12-2018-0380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]],"date-time":"2019-09-30T22:33:27Z","timestamp":1569882807000},"page":"405-420","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Toward robotic process automation implementation: an end-to-end perspective"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5891-7466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R\u00faben","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Braga","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","reference":[{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aguirre, S. and Rodriguez, A. (2017), \u201cAutomation of a business process using robotic process automation (RPA): a case study\u201d, in Figueroa-Garc\u00eda, J., L\u00f3pez-Santana, E., Villa-Ram\u00edrez, J. and Ferro-Escobar, R. (Eds), Applied Computer Sciences in Engineering, Presented at the Workshop on Engineering Applications, Springer, Cham, pp. 65-71.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66963-2_7"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref003","article-title":"Understanding robotic process automation (RPA)","year":"2017","journal-title":"The CAPCO Institute Journal of Financial Transformation"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref004","article-title":"Robotic automation process \u2013 the next major revolution in terms of back office operations improvement","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref005","first-page":"307","article-title":"Setting up a robotic process automation center of excellence","volume":"6","year":"2018","journal-title":"Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1057\/jittc.2016.5","article-title":"Turning robotic process automation into commercial success \u2013 case OpusCapita","volume":"6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Information Technology Teaching Cases"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref007","volume-title":"Scientific Research I: The Search for System","year":"1967"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref008","first-page":"642","article-title":"Minimal effort requirements engineering for robotic process automation with test driven development and screen recording","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref009","volume-title":"Building a Center Of Expertise to Support Robotic Automation","author":"Forrester","year":"2014"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref010","unstructured":"Fung, H.P. (2014), \u201cCriteria, use cases and effects of information technology process automation (ITPA)\u201d, SSRN Scholarly Paper No. ID 2540023, Social Science Research Network, Rochester, NY, available at: https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/abstract=2540023 (accessed June 26, 2018)."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref011","article-title":"Rethinking robotics? Take a step back","year":"2017","journal-title":"The CAPCO Institute Journal of Financial Transformation"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref012","first-page":"41","article-title":"How Opuscapita used internal RPA capabilities to offer services to clients","volume":"17","year":"2018","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly Executive"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref013","first-page":"75","article-title":"Design science in information systems research","volume":"28","year":"2004","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly Executive"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref014","first-page":"1","article-title":"On0rch","volume":"9","year":"2003","journal-title":"Information Research"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref015","unstructured":"Kasslin, H. (2017), \u201cHeavyweight and lightweight process automation \u2013 how do companies select between RPA and back-end automation?\u201d, master\u2019s thesis, Aalto University, Helsinki, available at: https:\/\/aaltodoc.aalto.fi:443\/handle\/123456789\/26827 (accessed August 2, 2018)."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref016","article-title":"Robotic and machine learning: how to help support to process customer tickets more effectively","year":"2018"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref017","article-title":"Robotic process automation \u2013 pragmatic solution or dangerous illusion?","year":"2017","journal-title":"BTOES Insights"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref018","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Procedures for Performing Systematic Reviews","year":"2004"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref019","unstructured":"Kyher\u00f6inen, T. (2018), \u201cImplementation of robotic process automation to a target process \u2013 a case study\u201d, master\u2019s thesis, Aalto University, Helsinki, May 9, available at: https:\/\/aaltodoc.aalto.fi:443\/handle\/123456789\/31518 (accessed August 2, 2018)."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref020","article-title":"Robotic process automation: the next transformation lever for shared services","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref021","first-page":"21","article-title":"Robotic process automation at Telefonica O2","volume":"15","year":"2016","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly Executive"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref022","first-page":"41","article-title":"A new approach to automating services","year":"2017","journal-title":"MIT Sloan Management Review"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref023","article-title":"The Forrester WaveTM: robotic process automation, q2 2018 the 15 providers that matter most and how they stack up","year":"2018"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref024","unstructured":"Le Clair, C., Cullen, A. and King, M. (2017), \u201cThe Forrester WaveTM: robotic process automation\u201d, Q1 2017, Forrester, available at: www.forrester.com\/report\/The+Forrester+Wave+Robotic+Process+Automation+Q1+2017\/-\/E-RES131182 (accessed August 4, 2018)."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91704-7_5","article-title":"Identifying candidate tasks for robotic process automation in textual process descriptions","volume":"318","year":"2018","journal-title":"Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref026","unstructured":"Lintukangas, A. (2017), \u201cImproving indirect procurement process by utilizing robotic process automation\u201d, master\u2019s thesis, Lappeenranta University of Technology \u2013 School of Business and Management, Lappeenranta, available at: https:\/\/core.ac.uk\/download\/pdf\/84594991.pdf (accessed August 2, 2018)."},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9236(94)00041-2","article-title":"Design and natural science research on information technology","volume":"15","year":"1995","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.2307\/25148869","article-title":"Design science in the information systems discipline: an introduction to the special issue on design science research","volume":"32","year":"2008","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref029","volume-title":"Robotic Process Automation Driving the next Wave of Cost Rationalisation","author":"Mindfields","year":"2015"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref030","first-page":"631","article-title":"Systems development in information systems research","year":"1990"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2010.55","article-title":"Memorandum on design-oriented information systems research","volume":"20","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240302","article-title":"A Design science research methodology for information systems research","volume":"24","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira, R., Almeida, R. and da Silva, M.M. (2013), \u201cHow to generalize an information technology case study\u201d, in vom Brocke, J., Hekkala, R., Ram, S. and Rossi, M. (Eds), Design Science at the Intersection of Physical and Virtual Design, Vol. 7939, Springer, Berlin and Heidelberg, pp. 150-164.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38827-9_11"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schermann, M., B\u00f6hmann, T. and Krcmar, H. (2009), \u201cExplicating design theories with conceptual models: towards a theoretical role of reference models\u201d, in Becker, J., Krcmar, H. and Niehaves, B. (Eds), Wissenschaftstheorie und gestaltungsorientierte Wirtschaftsinformatik, Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg, pp. 175-194.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7908-2336-3_9"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref035","volume-title":"The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action","year":"1984"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref036","unstructured":"Sigur\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir, G.L. (2018), \u201cRobotic process automation: dynamic roadmap for successful implementation\u201d, master\u2019s thesis, Reykjav\u00edk University, Reykjav\u00edk, June 20, available at: https:\/\/skemman.is\/handle\/1946\/31385 (accessed August 2, 2018)."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref037","volume-title":"The Sciences of the Artificial","year":"1996","edition":"3rd ed."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref038","unstructured":"Slaby, J.R. (2012), \u201cRobotic automation emerges as a threat to traditional low-cost outsourcing\u201d, available at: www.horsesforsources.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/RS-1210_Robotic-automation-emerges-as-a-threat-060516.pdf (accessed August 4, 2018)."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref039","unstructured":"Stople, A., Steinsund, H., Iden, J. and Bygstad, B. (2017), \u201cLightweight IT and the IT function\u201d, Vol. 25, presented at the NOKOBIT, Oslo, available at: https:\/\/ojs.bibsys.no\/index.php\/Nokobit\/article\/view\/405 (accessed August 2, 2018)."},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref040","article-title":"Software bots \u2013 the next frontier for shared services and functional excellence","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref041","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Market Guide for Robotic Process Automation Software","year":"2017"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref042","unstructured":"Tran, D. and Ho Tran Minh, T. (2018), \u201cWorkflow methodology development of RPA solution for a Vietnamese bank: a case study of Korkia Oy\u201d, bachelor\u2019s thesis, Laurea University of Applied Sciences, Vantaa, available at: www.theseus.fi\/handle\/10024\/148869 (accessed August 2, 2018)."},{"issue":"4","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref001","first-page":"1","article-title":"Robotic process automation","volume":"60","year":"2018","journal-title":"Business & Information Systems Engineering"},{"key":"key2020030509311670600_ref043","first-page":"320","article-title":"Guest editorial. Special section on business analytics and big data","volume":"46","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref044","first-page":"68","article-title":"Data-centered dependencies and opportunities for robotics process automation in banking","volume":"45","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Financial Transformation"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.3.1.36","article-title":"Building an information system design theory for vigilant EIS","volume":"3","year":"1992","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref046","first-page":"xiii","article-title":"Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: writing a literature review","volume":"26","year":"2002","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2020030509311670600_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2008.44","article-title":"Design science research in Europe","volume":"17","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Information Systems"}],"container-title":["Business Process Management Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/BPMJ-12-2018-0380\/full\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/BPMJ-12-2018-0380\/full\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T23:16:44Z","timestamp":1753399004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.emerald.com\/bpmj\/article\/26\/2\/405-420\/257760"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1108\/BPMJ-12-2018-0380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/bpmj-12-2018-0380","relation":{},"ISSN":["1463-7154"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1463-7154","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]]}}}