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While this theme inherently remains a focus for political decision-makers, there is very little knowledge on the combined role of institutions, entrepreneurial orientations and innovation capabilities on the technological development of countries. In this study, we examine the impacts of entrepreneurial orientation and the innovative capacity of countries through considering the moderating effect of technological development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data used in this study has been collected from various sources, including the World Economic Forum United Nations (UN), World Bank (WB), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) and Scimago. The study focuses on 86 countries that are either at stage 2 or stage 3 of development or in the transition from stage 2 to stage 3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have found that corporate governance, property rights and security institutions have a positive influence on a country\u2019s entrepreneurial mindset and its ability to innovate. Additionally, we have noted that technological advancements also play a role in moderating this relationship. These findings have important implications for the theory, practice and public policies in this area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study emphasizes the substantial impact of institutional quality on the entrepreneurial mindset and innovation capabilities of businesses. It shows that perceiving institutions as more stable can have a positive effect on both entrepreneurial orientation and innovative capabilities, ultimately improving companies' competitiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijebr-05-2024-0511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T07:11:40Z","timestamp":1733987500000},"page":"1517-1542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Institutions, the entrepreneurial orientation and innovative capabilities of countries: the moderating effect of\u00a0technological development"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5928-2474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o J.M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8560-0758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina I.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2722-9510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Mota","family":"Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"key2025052708382701400_ref001","volume-title":"Introduction to Modern Economic Growth","year":"2009"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-016-9481-8","article-title":"National systems of innovation","volume":"42","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Technology Transfer"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibusrev.2020.101716","article-title":"Home country institutional impediments and international expansion of developing country SMEs","volume":"29","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Business Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1108\/IJIS-06-2017-0058","article-title":"Entrepreneurial intentions of private university students in the kingdom of Bahrain","volume":"10","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovation Science"},{"key":"key2025052708382701400_ref124","article-title":"Dynamics of entrepreneurship and quality of government institutions: an evaluation using cross-country data","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fourth GEM Research Conference"},{"issue":"5","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusvent.2008.06.001","article-title":"Entrepreneurship, innovation, and corruption","volume":"24","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Business Venturing"},{"key":"key2025052708382701400_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2756072","article-title":"Institutional factors, opportunity entrepreneurship and economic growth: panel data evidence","volume":"102","year":"2016","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1017\/S1744137423000243","article-title":"Institutions and industry-level employment creation: an empirical analysis of the US metro-level data","volume":"19","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Institutional Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/15140326.2018.1550593","article-title":"Government effectiveness in the provision of public goods: the role of institutional quality","volume":"21","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Economics"},{"issue":"3","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-008-9101-3","article-title":"The entrepreneurial society","volume":"34","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of Technology Transfer"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2025052708382701400_ref125","first-page":"161","article-title":"Bankruptcy and entrepreneurship: the value of a fresh start","volume":"23","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization"},{"key":"key2025052708382701400_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2015.05.003","article-title":"Exploring the use of patents in a weak institutional environment: the effects of innovation partnerships, firm ownership, and new management practices","volume":"45-46","year":"2015","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"key2025052708382701400_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barroso, C., Carri\u00f3n, G.C. and Rold\u00e1n, J.L. 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