{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T17:31:07Z","timestamp":1754155867558,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Emerald","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/site-policies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJOA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The purpose of this study is to explore the human resource management practices and the associated dimensions of quality of employment in university spin-offs. Through this, it becomes possible to explore and recognize the practices and difficulties placed on the employees of university spin-offs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Design\/methodology\/approach<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) framework to assess the quality of work in the European Union is adopted. It is used a qualitative approach through the development of four case studies at university spin-offs located in Portugal. These case studies relate to four sectors of activity, such as information technology, urban mobility, health and electronics.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The findings reveal that most of the challenges of quality of work in a spin-off university are common to those in an SME or micro company. Among these factors, the authors highlight the lack of job security, reduced or no social protection and very low income and nonwage pecuniary benefits. Other factors specific to university spin-offs also emerge, such as the numerous opportunities for skills development and training, the potentialities to become an entrepreneur and the high number of working hours that are necessary to face the vibrant market dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title content-type=\"abstract-subheading\">Originality\/value<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The study aims to contribute, in a theoretical and empirically grounded basis, to the knowledge about the quality of employment in a spin-off university. This work becomes relevant for policymakers to understand in depth the specific challenges faced by employees of a spin-off university.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1108\/ijoa-04-2020-2164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T12:50:17Z","timestamp":1612356617000},"page":"223-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Human resource management practices at university spin-offs"],"prefix":"10.1108","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Fernando","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"140","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1177\/0971685812470345","article-title":"Paradigms of quality of work life","volume":"19","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Human Values"},{"year":"2018","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref002","article-title":"Workplace flexibility can impact how you attract, hire, and retain talent"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref003","first-page":"27","article-title":"Insights and perspectives from a literature review on university spin-offs","volume":"10","year":"2018","journal-title":"Management Research and Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref004","first-page":"71","article-title":"Worrying labour market tendencies in the European union","volume":"18","year":"2018","journal-title":"Romanian Journal of European Affairs"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref005","first-page":"603","article-title":"Shorter work time, hours flexibility, and labor intensification","volume":"30","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eastern Economic Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/08956308.2019.1613116","article-title":"The role of timing in the business model evolution of spinoffs","volume":"62","year":"2019","journal-title":"Research-Technology Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref007","first-page":"178","article-title":"Evaluating performance of university spin-off companies: lessons from Italy","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Technology Management and Innovation"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1080\/09585192.2015.1027250","article-title":"Work and social well-being: the impact of employment conditions on quality of life","volume":"27","year":"2016","journal-title":"The International Journal of Human Resource Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Psychology"},{"key":"key2022092109422074400_ref010","article-title":"Exploring proactive market strategies","volume":"84","year":"2019","journal-title":"Industrial Marketing Management"},{"volume-title":"Labor Relations: Striking a Balance","year":"2018","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref011"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1093\/cje\/bet067","article-title":"The quality of employment and decent work: definitions, methodologies, and ongoing debates","volume":"38","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cambridge Journal of Economics"},{"volume-title":"PeopleWork: The Human Touch in Workplace Safety","year":"2016","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref013"},{"issue":"6","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6486.2010.00991.x","article-title":"Entrepreneurial origin, technological knowledge, and the growth of spin-off companies","volume":"48","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Management Studies"},{"article-title":"To be born is not enough: the key role of innovative startups","volume-title":"IZA Discussion Paper, No. 9733","year":"2016","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref015"},{"issue":"1","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-009-9111-9","article-title":"The contribution of university research to the growth of academic start-ups: an empirical analysis","volume":"35","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Technology Transfer"},{"issue":"2","key":"key2022092109422074400_ref017","first-page":"13","article-title":"Improving innovation in university spin-offs. 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